1 2 Matricey and Soluttow of linear equationy Solve the following system of linear equations xt2y +32= 6, By -2y + 2-2, ay +2y bo z= 7. Answer:x= Show that the following equations are not consistent xtyt 3x + y-22= -2, 2x + dy + 72= 7, Answer: No solution Solve the following system of linear equations x+2y +3z= 14, e- y +52 15, 2y +42 ~3x= 13, Answer.x= 1, y=2 and 2=3, ‘Show that the equations are consistent and solve them. Answer:x=1.-2, y= 8-22,2 Investigate for what value of 2 andy. the simultaneous equations bt. have (a) no solution (b) unique solution (c) an infinite number of solutions. Answer: (a)h=3, p#10 (b) 43, all real values ofp (c) 2-3, p= 10. Solve the following system of linear equ du ~ a + 35= 3, 3m + x - Sxy= 0 4ncm+ n=3. Answer: Show that the equations Su -2n + m= 2, Bx +20 +73 = 3, ato +3 ‘has no solution. Investigate for what value of @ and & the simultaneous equations x+y +32 x t3y +42 x+3y +az=b. have (a) nosolution —_() unique solution _(c) an infinite number of solutions. Answer: (a) a=4,b45 (b)a#4, all real values of b (c) a=4, b= 5. Consider the following system of simultancous linear equations x- y+2=6, 2 +3y-2=7, x +99 ~8z=-4, (@) By evaluating a suitable determinant, show that this system does not have a unique solution il Solve this system of simultaneous equations. Answer:x=5—-h, y= h=1,2 10. Solve the following system of linear equations 3x $20 +45 Qn tom tos x t3n +5y= 3, Answer: xi = 2, x6. 10. Matricey and Solutiow of linear equattony Solve the following system of linear equations a +2y +32= 6, Bv-2yp + 2=2, deep 4 257, Show that the following equations are not consistent rt yt Answer:x=y= eye Qu +4y+7z= 7. Answer: No solution . Solve the following system of linear equations x+y +32= 14, Answer:x= 1, y=2 and 2=3. are consistent and solve them, Answer:x=h-2, y= 8-21, Investigate for what value of 2 and y the simultaneous equations x+ yt 2=6, x +2y +32= 10, x +2y +)2= pL have (a) no solution (b) unique solution (¢) an infinite number of solutions. Answer: (a)2.=3,, w#10 (b) 423, all real values of (c) & Solve the following system of linear equations 2x = 2 + 3xa= 3, 3u + m- Su=0 4nint+ m=3 Answer: x ‘Show that the equations Sn -2n + y= 2, 31 +2n +7 = 3, n+ m +3n=2. has no solution. Investigate for what value of a and b the simultaneous equations x+y +325 4, x +3y +4z= 5, x t+3y taz=b. have (a) no solution (b) unique solution (c) an infinite number of soluti ns. Answer: (a)a=4,b#5 (b)a#4, all real values of b(c) a=4, b= 5. Consider the following system of simultaneous lincar equations x- yt2e=6, 2k +3y — 1 x +9y -8: . (®) By evaluating a suitable determinant, show that this system does not have a unique solution (i) Solve this system of simultaneous equations, Answer:x=5—2, y= h=L, Solve the following system of linear equations Answer: x= 2, 1==0.5 and xy = 0.5,R 13, M, 16, 17 Show that if'a 43 th xh 3y haz= h, Given that a = 3, find the Value of & for which the equations are consistent. Answer: b= 10. ‘Show that the equations Sh -2n toy 3ui #202 +7 xt om +3n= 2 are consistent and solve them, Show that ifa #3 then the system of equations 2e+3y44z=—5, axtSy - 2=Sa415, Gx+ 8 haz =b=2a421, has « unique solution, Given that 3, Answers =U, = 1 2x Prove that the system of equations Ow 2y4 52, has infinite number of solutior Solve the following system of linear equations Gur =O FON 6, Qu hs - Guy = 12 1x1 ~Se2 45x1= 30, Answerx=8—k, y= 16-2k, 2 Anower.m = $2 = 22 and == 18. ae ta 2200 The ma ltix dis defined by A= Find the rank of 4, distinguishing between the eases #1 and = 1, Consider the system S of equations: =0, 2u4 2y+ Oe= 304 @=2, () Show that if0 # 1 then S has a unique solution. Find this solution in the case @ = 0. (Ht) Show that if0= Land @= 0 then Shas an infinite nurnber of solutions (ii) Show that i£0= 1 and 94 0 then S has no solution Answers: rank of A= 3 when 07 1, rank of 4 = 2 when @= 1; (a= Find the set of values af a for which the system of equations vray ees Qehay+ e=a In 12-4 2az= 10, hhas a unique solution, Show that the system does not have any solution in the ease a = 18. Given that a= 8, show that the number of solutions is infinite and find the solution for which xtyteel, Answera 8a #18;1H, Given thal a is an integer, show that the systema of equations act ay) z= 14, et y +32 x4 2y—Sz 17, thas a unique solution and interpret this situation geometrically. Find the value of a for which = L.y=4,z=~2 is the solution to the system of equations. 26 Answer: a% "3 The tree planes intersect at a single point 19. Find the values of a for which the system of equations 3r+ ay 5r- y x +3y + 22 does not have a unique solution. ‘The matrix A is given by 3 0 o A={5 -1 0 1 3 2 (a) Find a matrix P and a diagonal matrix D such that A?= PDP. (b) Use the characteristic equation of A to show that (A+ ODP AS (A+ 5D, where dis an integer to be determined. 4 0 0 Answer: a --2 say =| 5 = 0 19 1 1 20. ‘The matrix A is given by ‘a =6a AS Ina Q-a where a is a constant with a #0 and a #1. x) fl (a) Show that the equation A} y geometrically. (b) Find a matrix P and a iagonal matris 2 {has a unique solution and interpret this situation 3 D such that A*= PDP~'. (©) Use the characteristic equation of A to find A* in terms of A and a. Answer: (a)a(a~1) # 0, Three planes intersect at a single point. 2 1}p= +DA?+ (a? -a) A, | j2be=0, + he 0, 2x 4 6y ~ 52=0, 1-28 -1 8 6 5 (@) Find a matrix P and a diagonal matrix D su A=ppp-! (b) Use the characteristic equation of A to find A> in terms of A. Fi 2 1 -1 1 0 0 Answers a=5 (aR =!0 4 2|D=]0 3 of. 14 1 0 o 5 22. Show that the system of equations x-2ym4z=1, x~2y+hz= 1, -x42y42=1, E We a unique solu 1 K==—4, show thatthe system of equations is consistent. Interpret this situation geometrically, (©) Given instead that k=~ 2, show that the situation geometric Answer: (a) Two of the planes are identical (oF coincident) and there isa line of intersect plane, (b)T wo parallel planes, not ident }ow thal the system of equations system of equations is inconsistent. Interpret this a 4~ 5, show that the system of equations is inconsistent. Interpret this trical. (a) The three planes form a sheaf (All three planes have the same common