COMPARATIVE 1. Common Law mission to reinforce C.

Trial by Ordeal
POLICE SYSTEM Systems = usually community values and
exists in English laws. This was A judicial practice
Police The speaking countries of adopted by Germany, where in the guilt or
governmental the world China and Japan. innocence of the
department charged accused is determined
with the regulation and = there is strong Civil order control = is by subjecting him to
control of the affairs of adversarial system not organizationally an unpleasant, usually
a community, now and rely upon oral separated from dangerous,
chiefly the department system of evidence in deviance control but is experience.
established to which the public trial performed by regular
maintain order, is a main focal point street police in the The word "ordeal’’
enforce the law, and country of England derived from the
prevent and detect = also known as and United States. Medieval Latin word
crime. (French word) "Anglo-American "Dei Indicum" which
Justice" EVOLUTION OF means "a miraculous
COMPARATIVE = an POLICING SYSTEM decision."
estimate of relative 2. Civil Law Systems =
likeness or unlikeness distinguished by • Praetorian guards = 2. Norman Period of
of two objects or event strong inquisitorial military bodies who Policing System
system where less serve as guardians of
GLOBALIZATION right is granted to the peace in ancient Rome This system of
accused and the in which the idea of policing existed during
=package of written law is taken as policing said to have the time of Norman
transnational flow of gospel and subject to originated William The Conqueror
people, production, little interpretation (King of France). When
investment, • Officer de la Paix = a he invaded and
information, ideas and = also known as French term which conquered England, a
authority. "Continental Justice or claimed to be the military regime of
Romano-Germanic origin of the term conquers and
= growing Justice" Police Officer dictators began and
interpenetration of changed the concept
states, markets, 3. Socialist System = 1. Anglo-Saxon Period of crime being
communication and distinguished by of Policing System committed against the
ideas. procedures designed (Ancient England) state.
to rehabilitate the
=The process of offender. A. Tun Policing A. Shire-Rieve
creating transnational System A system of
markets, politics, and = known as Marxist- policing emerged Shire-Rieve was a
legal systems in an Leninist Justice and during the Anglo- policing system during
effort to form and exist in places such as Saxon period whereby the Norman Period
sustain a global Africa and Asia all male residents were when England was
economy. required to guard the divided into fifty-five
4. Islamic System = town (tun) to preserve (55) military areas,
EFFECTS OF based more on the peace and protect the each headed by a ruler
GLOBALIZATION to concept of natural lives and properties of called the Rieve (head-
Law Enforcement justice or customary the people. man or lieutenant of
law or tribal traditions the army). The fifty-
= law enforcers are About 700 AD, the five (55) military
expected to be the THEORIES OF POLICE people living in divisions in England
protector of the SERVICE England in small rural are called shires. The
people...unaccountabl towns used the Anglo-
Continental is the shire-rieve had
e flow of migration and Saxon System.
theory of police absolute powers that
open markets present
service which no one could
new threats to state- Ten families in a town
maintains that police questions his or her
based human rights (tun) equaled a tithing.
officers are servants actions.
regimes - great Each tithing elected a
challenge to law of higher authorities leader who was known Two "Constabuli" or
enforcement. as the Tithingman. "The Keeper of the
Home Rule the theory
Since 10 tithings Horse" were appointed
Threats to Law of police service which
amounted to 100, the to each village to aid
Enforcement states that police
leader of the 100 the Rieve in his duties.
officers are servants
families was named It became the source
⚫ increasing volume of the community or
the reeve. Both the of the word Constable.
of human rights the people.
tithingman and reeve
violations as evidence
CONCEPT OF POLICE were elected officials. The term "Shire-Rieve"
by genocide and mass
SERVICE They possessed is said to be the origin
killing
judicial power as well of the word "Sheriff."
a. Old police service = as police authority.
⚫ conflict between B. Travelling Judge or
relies on the number
nations B. Hue and Cry Circuit Judge
of arrest made.
⚫Transnational b. Modern police Used methods of A judge selected to
criminal networks for service = relies on the apprehending a hear cases which were
drug trafficking, absence of crime. criminal by an act of formerly being judged
money laundering, the complainant to by the Shire-Rieve and
terrorism Deviance Control = shout to call all male tasked to travel
Modern police residents to assemble through and hear
TYPES OF POLICE function which and arrest the suspect. criminal cases. This
SYSTEM primarily involves the was the first instance
of the division of the The law that marks the same with the London (the others
police and judicial beginning of the following features: include the City of
powers. curfew hours, which London Police and the
demanded the closing •No freeman shall be British Transport
C. Legis Henrici of the gates of London taken, imprisoned, Police)
during sundown banished or exiled
An act that was except by legal = finest police force
enacted during this C. Justice of the Peace judgment of his peers. around the world.
period with the (About 1361) Three or • No person shall be
following features: four men who were tried for murder unless TOTAL POLICING =
learned in the law of there is proof of the motto of London
⚫ Offenses were Metropolitan Police
the land were given body of the victim.
classified as against
authority to pursue.
the king and LONDON POLICING IMPORTANT DATES
arrest, chastise and
individual. PRIOR TO 1829
imprisonment 1833 = Coldbath Fields
. violators of law. They Riot (Grays Inn Road).
Henry Fielding
handled felonies, A major crowd
appointed as
Policeman becomes misdemeanors and disturbance dealt with
Magistrate in 1748,
public servant. infractions of city or by the Metropolitan
introduced the first
village ordinances. Police with
The police and the detective force, known
This was later controversial use of
citizens have the as the Bow Street
abolished about 75 force.
broad power to arrest. Runners
years after.
It introduced the 1836 = The
Bow Runners = a
system called D. Star Chamber Court Metropolitan Police
group of men
"citizen's arrest." (1487) absorb the Bow Street
organized by Henry
Fielding and named by Horse Patrol into its
Grand Jury was A special court
his brother John control.
created to inquire on designed to try
the facts of the law. A offenders against the Fielding task to catch
• 1838 incorporates
system which made state. The room set-up thieves and robbers
Marine Police and Bow
inquisition onto the is formed in a shape of Street Runners into
identified by carrying a
facts of a crime and a star and judges were the Metropolitan
Tipstaff with the Royal
eliminate the "Anglo- given great powers Police and the
Crown
Saxon Trial or "Trial by such as the power to disbandment of the
Ordeal System." force testimony from a = made up of eight Bow Street Office and
defendant leading to a constables, who also other Offices. These
D. Frankpledge great abuse of power investigated crimes were all agreed and
System or brutality on the part handed over to them put into effect.
of the judges. by the volunteer
A system of policing
constables and Administration
whereby a group of 4. Keepers of the
watchmen Policing Principles of
ten neighboring male Peace London Metropolitan
residents over twelve
1798 Marine Police Police
years of age were A proclamation issued
Force was established,
required to guard the by King Richard of 1. Stable and effective
salaried constables
town to preserve England sometime in civil police under
were being paid by
peace and protect the 1195 that required the government control
local magistrates.
lives and properties of appointment of
initially made up of
the people knights to keep the 2. Absence of crime is
220 Constables
King's peace by the best proof of
3. Westminster Period assisted by 1,000
standing as guards on efficiency
of Policing System registered dock
bridges and gates
workers, and was 3. Fast distribution of
while checking the
It is called by this responsible for crime news to the
people entering and
name because the preventing the theft of police is essential
leaving the cities and
laws governing cargo. = widely
towns. Commissioner highest
policing came out of regarded as being the
the capital of England. first modern police rank in the
5. King Charles II of
which at the time was force in the world, in Metropolitan Police
England (1663)
Westminster. This the sense that they Police Constable =
period has the King Charles II passed were not government lowest rank
following features: an act which controlled and were Contributions of the
established or responsible for the French in Policing
• Guards were promoted the prevention of crime.
appointed and the Assigning house
employment of
duties of the LONDON 1829 numbers
watchmen or bellmen
constables at night to be on duty from
Sir Robert Peel = Installing street lights
(watch) and in daytime sunset to sunrise.
(ward) were defined appointed as Home
Use of police
6. Magna Carta or "The Secretary in 1822
ambulances
• Statute of Great Charter"
Westminster of 1285, a METROPOLITAN
• Use of warrant card
collection of A law promulgated by POLICE = organized in
and ID signifying the
regulations aimed at King John of England 1829 by Sir Robert
authority to arrest
keeping the peace. upon the demand of Peel (Metropolitan
the Knights of the Police Act of 1829) = UNITED STATES
B. Statute of 1295 Round Table forcing the largest of the POLICING SYSTEM
the King to sign the police services that
operate in greater TYPES OF US POLICE
1. Municipal Police = (Department of Pennsylvania State Minister of Public
includes village, Justice) Police = the first state Safety Canada.
township, city and police agency
country police investigates all established Commissioner =
departments, sheriff violations of highest rank in the
departments. Types of Los Angeles Police Royal Canadian
immigration and Department = police Mounted Police
Local Police
naturalization laws, force that hired the
a. Country Sheriff = in patrol boarders to first female police Police Constable 4th
charged with the prevent surreptitious officer named, Alice Class = lowest rank
operation of county entry of aliens, Stebbins Wells
AUSTRALIA
jail, civil function such
b. Protection of the The United States
as service of eviction Australian Police = a
National Revenue police rank model is
notices and other progressive and multi-
court orders and generally quasi-
1. Intelligence Unit of faceted law
police responsibility. military in structure.
the Bureau of Internal enforcement
Although the large and
Revenue = organization, taking
b. City Police = most varied number of
investigation of strong lead in the fight
common local police federal, state, and
violations of income against 21st century
organization. It has local police
tax laws crime.
jurisdiction in matters departments and
that occur in an 2. Alcohol Tax Unit of sheriff's office have Commissioner highest
incorporated the Bureau of Internal different ranks, a rank
municipality. Revenue = violations general model, from
of internal revenue highest to lowest rank, Constable = lowest
2. State Police would be: rank
laws
includes special
investigative agencies 3. Division of Chief of Police/Police HONGKONG
that concentrate on Investigation and Commissioner/Superin
Hong Kong Police
statewide law Patrol, Bureau of tendent/Sheriff
Force
enforcement 3. Federal Customs =
Police = agencies investigates ➤ Deputy Chief of
= is the largest
operated by federal smuggling activities Police/Deputy
disciplined service
government at the and enforces customs Commissioner/Deputy
under the Security
national level and navigation laws. Superintendent/Under
Bureau of Hong Kong.
sheriff
It is the world's
Some Federal 4. Private Police = Inspector/Commander/
second, and Asia's
Agencies Having additional police Colonel
first, police agency to
Police Functions protection made by
Major/Deputy operate with a modern
employing sworn
a. Protection of Life, Inspector policing system. It was
officers through
Property and formed on 1 May 1844.
contract when they are
Enforcement of Penal Captain
not officially on duty in 1969, Queen
Statutes
Lieutenant Elizabeth II granted the
Two Basic Forms of
1. Federal Bureau of Royal Charter to the
Private Police Sergeant
Investigation Hong Kong Police
(Department of a. Proprietary Police Force for their
➤
Justice) = investigates =he hires and security handling of the Hong
Detective/Inspector/Inv
all violations of federal personnel directly Kong 1967 riots
estigator
law except when the renaming them: the
enforcement authority b. Contract Security = ➤Officer/Deputy Royal Hong Kong
was given to other services of an Police Force.
Sheriff/Corporal
specific federal independent security Following the transfer
agency company CANADA of sovereignty, the
Force is once again
2. United States Secret U.S. Police Agencies Royal Canadian named the Hong Kong
Service (Department of Mounted Police Police Force Structure
New York City = it is
Treasury) = concerned (RCMP) = colloquially HKPF
where the first full time
with investigation of known as Mounties
police force was The Force is
counterfeiting, forging and internally as "The
organized in the commanded by the
or altering of any of Force" = is the
United States • Commissioner of
the money or other national police force of
securities of the U.S. It Canada and one of the Police, who is assisted
New York Police
is also in charged of most recognized of its by two deputy
Department = the
the protection of the kind in the word being commissioners:
largest police force in
president and his the United States a national, federal,
a. Deputy
family, and of the provincial and
Commissioner -
executive mansion Texas Ranger = police municipal policing
Operations =
grounds force originally body. It is founded in
supervises all
created in response to 1920 by the Merger of
3. Bureau of Narcotics operational matters
colonization Royal Northwest
(Department of including crime and b.
Mounted Police(1873)
Treasury) investigated Boston Police Deputy Commissioner
with the Dominion
all violations of federal Department = first - Management is
Police (1868).
law relating to local modern police responsible for the
prohibited drugs department = headed by the direction and
established in the Commission under the coordination of force
4. Immigration and United States direction of the management including
Naturalization Service
personnel, training, Performance Review. Academic Senior Inspector of
and management Research and Requirements Police (SIP)
services. Inspections and
Complaints and Five passes or above, Inspector of Police (IP)
Motto =We Serve with Internal Investigations which may include
Pride and Care Chinese Language and Probationary Inspector
(C&II)
English Language, in of Police (PI)
The Hong Kong Police Complaints and the HKCEE, or a
Force is organized into Station Sergeant
Internal Investigations combination of results
Six Regions: (SSGT)
(C&II) = includes the in five Hong Kong
Complaints Against Diploma of Secondary Sergeant (SGT)
Hong Kong Island
Police Office (CAPO) Education (HKDSE)
• Kowloon East oversees the subjects of Level 2 in Senior Constable
investigation and New Senior Secondary (SPC)
• successful resolution (NSS) subjects,
Police Constable (PC)
of all complaints made "Attained" in Applied
Kowloon West
both externally and Learning (APL)
New Territories North internally against subjects (subject to a
members of the force maximum of two ApL TAIWAN
New Territories South subjects) and Grade E
Entry Requirements to in Other Language TAIWAN POLICE
• Marine Region HKPF subjects, or FORCE
equivalent.
The Force Nationality Must be a = is the unified police
Headquarters permanent resident of Selection Processes force of Taiwan
(Management) is made the Hong Kong Special For Inspector
up of five Administrative Region = under the
departments: and have lived in Hong Written Examination supervision of
Kong for at least NATIONAL POLICE
• Operations & seven years. • Extended Interview AGENCY which is
Support Psychometric Test directly under the
For Inspector Final Interview Board MINISTRY OF
Crime & Security Physical Fitness Test INTERIOR = under
Academic effective civilian
Personnel & Training Requirements Integrity Checks and control
Medical Examination
Management Services Hong Kong degree, or FUNCTIONS
equivalent; or Appointment
Finance,
1) to maintain public
Administration and • An accredited Selection Processes order,
Planning Associate Degree from for Police Constable
Hong Kong tertiary 2) 2) to protect social
Hong Kong Police Physical Fitness Test
institution / A Higher security, 3) 3) to
College = s
Diploma from a Hong prevent all dangers,
responsible for all ⚫ Group Interview
Kong polytechnic / and
matters relating to
polytechnic university, • Psychometric Test
training within the 4)) to promote the
or a Diploma from a
Hong Kong Police welfare of all people.
registered post- Final Interview Board
except internal
secondary college
security, Auxiliary and Basic Law Test TYPES OF POLICE
awarded after the date
Marine Police training. FORCE IN TAIWAN
of its registration, or
Training provided by Integrity Checks and
equivalent; or 1. Administration
the Police College Medical Examination
includes recruit and Appointment Police are generally
• A pass in two
continuation training, referred to those who
subjects at Advanced
crime investigation RANKS OF HKPF are required to wear
Level in the Hong
training, police driver uniforms to carry out
Kong Advanced Level Commissioner of
training and weapon duties of household
Examination (2A) plus Police (CP)
tactics training. The visits, patrolling, raid,
three other subjects at
information guarding, duty officer,
Grade C or above in Deputy Commissioner
technology training, and reserves.
the HKCEE (30), or a of Police (DCP)
command training, combination of results 2. Traffic Police = the
local and overseas in five Hong Kong Senior Assistant
primary duties of the
management training, Diploma of Secondary Commissioner of
Traffic Police are to
some specialist Education (HKDSE) Police (SACP)
keep traffic order, to
courses and periodic subjects of Level 3 in Assistant ensure traffic safety,
courses on firearms New Senior Secondary Commissioner of to prevent traffic
and first aid are also (NSS) subjects, Police (ACP) accidents, and to
provided by the Police "Attained with smooth traffic flow.
College. Distinction" in Applied Chief Superintendent
Learning (APL) of Police (CSP) 3. Special Police are
Service Quality Wing =
subjects (subject to a those who are
is responsible for Senior Superintendent
maximum of two ApL responsible for
spearheading of Police (SSP)
subjects) and Grade C protecting the Central
initiatives to improve Superintendent of
in Other Language Government,
services provided to Police (SP)
subjects, or establishing
force customers both
equivalent. contingent plans and
external and internal. Chief Inspector of
assisting local and
The wing comprises For Police Constable Police (CIP)
specialized police
three branches:
units in maintaining ⚫ Office of the militarized trained to police force is
public order. Commander of the deal with mass specified and
District Police Force demonstrations governed by the Police
4. Criminal Act 1967
Investigation Police = ⚫ Office of the = paramilitary role to
the primary duties of Commander of the conduct security Motto = TEGAS, ADIL
the criminal Township Police Force stabilization DAN BERHEMAH =
investigation police operations and Firm, Fair And Prudent
are to prevent and Police Stations providing security for
detect crimes. VIP and vital facilities RMP Organizations
TRAINING CENTERS
5. Specialized Police = 2. Anti-Riot Unit 1. Management
main duties are to 1. Central Training (Pasukan Anti Huru- Department = the
protect state-run Institute of Myanmar Hura) = received Management
enterprises and public Police Force special anti-riot Department is tasked
facilities like railways, training with the routine of
2. No.1 Police Training management and
highways, airports,
Depot = undertakes 3. Sea and Air Police = administration affairs
harbors, MRT and
Basic Training Course responsible patrolling of the RMP. This
Bank of Taiwan.
for Police Sergeant for the airspace department is also the
RANKS OF TAIWAN 2 years; Warrant nerve centre of the
POLICE FORCE Officer and Police 4. Plainclothes Unit = RMP and acts as the
Sergeants Course for assigned in support services
Police Supervisor 12 Weeks; and Basic conducting platform for the rest of
General Training Course for investigations the force.
Constables for 6
Police Supervisor Month 5. Maritime Police = 2. Logistics
Rank responsible in Department = has the
3. No. 2 Police protecting the role to provide several
Police Supervisor Training Depot = territorial sea equipments needed in
Rank Two undertakes only Basic RMP
Training Course for 6. Anti-Terrorist Unit =
Police Supervisor trained in counter-
Constables, which 3. Criminal
Rank Three terrorism
normally takes around Investigation Division
Police Supervisor 6 months to complete. = deals with the
7. Forensics = in-
Rank Four Police investigation, arrest
INDONESIA POLICING charged of laboratory
Officer Rank One and prosecution of
SYSTEM examination of
Police Officer Rank hard crimes (murder,
evidence
Two Police Officer robbery, rape etc) and
Indonesian National
Rank Three Police POLICE RECRUIT petty crimes (theft,
Police (Kepolisian
Officer Rank Four VOLUNTEERS house-breaking etc).
Negara Republika
Indonesia) = is the = This department also
Police Rank One At least sixth-grade
official police force of specializes in
education and should
Police Rank Two Indonesia gambling, vice and
pass the competitive
examination. secret societies
Police Rank Three = organized 1946
(triads)
Police Rank Four After 3 years,
= also known as Polri
personnel with junior Branches of Criminal
MYANMAR
Markasbesar/Mabes secondary diploma Investigation Division
Myanmar Police Force name of the could enter into
• D1 - Administrative
= formally known as headquaters of training to become
Division
The People's Police Indonesian National NCO.
Force (Burmese: Pyi Police located in D2-Criminal Record
RANKING SYSTEM OF
Thu Yae Tup Pwe) Registration
Kebayoran Baru, POLRI
= established in 1964 South, Jakarta, D3
Indonesia Police General =
as independent
equivalent of Director Internal Affairs
department under
POLRI TERRITORIAL General of PNP
Ministry of Home
FORCES D4 - Statistics
Affairs. It was Second Bhayangkara
reorganized on 1 1. Kepolisian Daerah = equivalent of police D5 - Prosecution and
October 1995. or polda = provincial officer 1 of the PNP Law Divisions
police
There are 14 State and ROYAL MALAYSIAN • D6 - Technical
Divisional Police 2. Kepolisian Wilayah POLICE (RMP: Malay: Assistance Division
Forces and three or Polwil = regional Polis Diraja Malaysia,
additional police PDRM) = police force ·D7 -
State/Division Police of Malaysia. = Gambling/Vice/Secret
Forces 3. Kepolisian Resort or headquarters is Societies D8-
Polres = city police located at Bukit Aman, Investigation Division /
Each State and Planning
Kuala Lumpur
Divisional Police Force 4. Kepolisian Sector or
consist of four Polsek = sub-district = The constitution, • D9 - Special
components police control, employment, Investigation Division
recruitment,fund,
⚫ Office of the SPECIAL BRANCHES D10 Forensic
discipline, duties and
Commander of the Laboratory Division
1. Brigade Mobile powers of the
State and Divisional D11 - Sexual
(BRIMOB) = the most Investigation Division
Police Force
D12- National Centre 10. C4-i RANKS OF RMP Constable = equivalent
Bureau-Interpol Implementations of Police Officer 1 in
Division System = (abbreviation INSPECTOR- the PNP
for Command, Control, GENERAL OF POLICE
4. Narcotics Criminal Communications, = equivalent of JAPAN POLICING
Investigation Division Computer-Integrated) director general SYSTEM
this department's = based at Police (Philippines) POLICE
function is to fight CONSTABLE = • Keihoryo (Police
Control Centre in all
against dangerous equivalent of police Bureau within the
police contingents in
drugs by enforcing the officer 1 (Philippines) Ministry of Home
Malaysia.
law to stop and reduce affairs to 1945)
the demand and = this unit is assigned Singapore
Japanese Colonial
supply of dangerous to patrol the city and
Francis James Government the one
drugs. 5. Internal the suburbs.
Bernard = formed the which organized the
Security and Public
11. The Marine skeleton force as the first formal policing in
Order Department =
Operations Force or heritage of Singapore Ching.
responsible for traffic
(Malay: Pasukan Police Force in 1819. •
control and Search & Japanese Yakuza =
Gerakan Marin) = Singapore Police
Rescue (SAR) considered as the
tasked with Force (SPF) is the
operations center of Asian
maintaining law and main agency task with
the maintaining law organized crime
6. The Police Field order and coordinating
and order in the city- action.
Force (PFF) = search and rescue
organized in battalions operations in the state. It is formerly
ORGANIZATION OF
and was a para- Malaysian Maritime known as Republic of
NPA
military units of the Zone and on the high Singapore Police.
Royal Malaysia Police. seas Organized with split 1. National Public
Also known as the staff (15) and line Safety Commission = a
Jungle Squad 12. Royal Malaysian functions (13) roughly government body
Police Air Wing Unit or modeled after the responsible for the
= established in 1948 Unit Udara PDRM military. Headquarters administrative
(UUP) = is a special at New Poenix Park in supervision of the
7. Police Counter- unit of Royal Malaysia Novena. The highest police. Under the
Terrorism Unit = an Police with a vital role rank is Commissioner jurisdiction of the
elite unit of RMP in maintaining national of Police and the Prime Minister
responsible in security with thorough lowest is Police
counter-terrorism surveillance and patrol Constable. Section 7 2. Japan National
operations. from the air of Police Force Act of Police Agency (NPA) =
1857 = constitution of a totally gunless
8. UNGERIN = Unit 13. Special Branch = the SPF police force, except for
Gempur Marin This department is Recruitment/training its special attack team.
(UNGERIN) (Marine responsible for
Combat Unit) was collecting intelligence High school graduates Organizations
established in 2006 for national security who were interested in Attached to the NPA a.
and it was fully 14. Traffic Unit = law enforcement as a National Police
operational by the end responsible in career can be Agency = provides
of 2007 = first name maintaining the flow of recruited and those training to police
was Unit Selam traffic who are selected for officers and conduct
Tempur due to the officers had to be academic research
pressing need to 15. Commercial approved by the
suppress the pirate Crimes Investigation b. National Research
Public Service
attacks alongside the Department = this Institute of Police
Commission. • Career
coastal area of department's main Science = conducts
development course
Malacca Straits and function is to research in police
were encouraged for
open sea area of investigate, arrest, and science
officer and senior
South China Sea prosecute offenders officers are required to c. Imperial Guards =
which were committing white travel oversees for provides escort to the
continuously collar crimes such as training such as in Emperor, Empress,
widespread from time fraud, breach of trust, Police Staff College in Crown Prince and
to time despite various cyber- crimes, forgery, Britain, FBI Nat'l other Imperial family. =
efforts done to counterfeiting etc Academy in US and responsible for the
overcome the problem Police Academy in
16. Mounted Police = security of Imperial
Japan. Palace
= members received police who patrol on
training from U.S horseback • Nine (9) months 3. Regional Police
(equestrians) or training. Newly
9. Federal Reserve Bureau = exercise
camelback. They appointed officer will
Unit (FRU) (Malay: control and
continue to serve in be placed on a one
Pasukan Simpanan supervision over
remote areas and in year probation period.
Persekutuan) regional police offices
metropolitan areas
and provides support
where their day-to-day RANKS OF SPF
= its role is riot with the prefectural
function may be
suppression, crowd Commissioner of police.
picturesque or
control, disaster relief Police = equivalent of
ceremonial, but they Director General =
& rescue, as well as director general in the
are also employed in heads each Regional
special operations Philippines
crowd control because Bureau acting upon
assistance
of their mobile mass orders from the
= organized in 1955 and height advantage
Commission General mainland of the Central Military Philippine Police
of the NPA. People's Republic of Commission= System
China which oversee appoints police in
Regional Police the day to day law China During the Spanish
Bureau the local enforcement. (It is the Regime
organizations to carry equivalent of the People's Liberation
out part of the NPA's Army = Chinese •Maintenance of law
National Police
functions. There are Armed forces. and order is a part of
Agency in Japan).
about 7 Bureaus in the the military system for
major cities except for Ministry of State Civil Service the defense of the
Tokyo and Hokkaido Security = the Chinese Promotion colony;
where in Tokyo. government's largest Examinations basis for
regulation of the Rank • Locally organized
Metropolitan Police and most active
promotion police forces although
department (headed foreign intelligence
Examination for police performing civil duties
by Superintendent agency, though it is
officer. is a direct adjunct of
General) has long also involved in
the colonial military
been established and domestic security
RANK SYSTEM IN establishments;
shares the same matters.
CHINA (policemen in
location with the NPA.
Kinds of police appearance yet
Prefectural Police has Commissioner General colonial soldiers in the
the whole of Hokkaido = equivalent of
1. People's Armed ultimate sense.
under its jurisdiction. Director General in the
Police (PAP), 1980's
deals with domestic PNP Constable 2nd • Police functions
4. Prefectural Public
disturbances, acts as Class = equivalent of consisted mainly of
Safety Commission
riot police and guard's Police Officer 1 in the
(PPSC) = (1) suppression of
government PNP
administrative brigandage by
commission compounds and
THAILAND POLICE patrolling unsettled
functioning under the foreign embassies.
SYSTEM areas:
representative system Usually handles
which supervise the border defense but is Royal Thai Police (2) detection of local
prefectural police. called sometimes to or petty uprising by
back up local police. = formerly known as spying upon the work
Under the Jurisdiction
THAILAND NATIONAL and movements of the
of the Governor.
2. State Security POLICE DEPARTMENT
Though not people and:
Police = (1983) (TNPD) In 1998, TNPD
empowered to give
safeguards state was transferred from (3) the enforcement of
order to the
security, prevent the Ministry of Interior tax collection
Commission.
foreign espionage, of Thailand to be including church
5. Koban = a system of sabotage and directly under the revenues.
policing adopted in conspiracies. Under Office of the Prime
the Ministry of State Minister using the •Cuardilleros = a body
Japan, a substation
Security and directly name Royal Thai of rural police
near major
accountable to the Police. organized in each
transportation hubs
State council. 3. town established by
and shopping areas
Prison Police = a part The position of its Royal decree of Jan. 8,
and in residential
of the correctional arm supreme head was 1836. It mandates that
districts which forms
of the overall police changed from that of 5% of the able bodied
the first line of police
system stationed in the Director-General of male inhabitants of
response to the public.
prisons and correction the TNPD to the each province where
= Koban usually units. This is under the Commissioner- to be enlisted in this
staffed by 3-5 officers leadership of the General of the Royal police organization for
and about 7000 Ministry of Justice. Thai Police 3 years. There
residential police services are originally
4. Judicial Police = Royal Thai Police not paid or gratuitous
boxes (Chuzaisho-
responsible for Headquarters = based subject to some
staffed by a single
maintaining the in Bangkok Police- privileges although in
officer). About 20 % of
security and order in General = highest rank some province they
police is assigned to
courts and serving of the Royal Thai received a
Koban.
instruments and some Police Policeman / proportionate pay
CHINA POLICE also executing death Constable = lowest ranging from 4.00 to
SYSTEM sentences. rank BRUNEI POLICE 8.00 depending on the
SYSTEM revenue collection.
. 5. Quasi parapolice
("Cheng guan") = Royal Brunei Police •Carabineros De
⚫ Ministry of National operate in many Force (Polis Diraja Seguridad Publica
Defense is the top of places and hired by Brunei - PDRB) = Organized in 1712 for
the hierarchy with officials to help carry created in 1921 which the purpose of
judicial and public out some unpopular is responsible for carrying the
security agencies actions such as keeping law and order regulations of the
such as Ministry of collecting taxes and and providing law Department of State.
Public safety and the fines and ousting enforcement services This was armed and
Ministry of State peasants from seized throughout Brunei considered as the
Security. land. mounted police who
⚫ Inspector-General of
later discharged the
Ministry of Public Special Police College Police highest rank
duties of a port, harbor
Security is the = conducts nationwide
and river police. It was
principal police recruitment once a ⚫ Lance Corporal =
later given special
authority of the year. lowest rank
commission by Royal
Decree of December supervision and three (3) Deputy conflict from
20, 1842 and it was direction over the INP Director General worsening, and may
called - Cuerco De units assigned within ranks. involve the
Seguridad Publica their locality. deployment of
(Corps of Crabbiness •SOP No. 7 = PEACEKEEPING AND
for Public Security). •R.A. 4864 =It created prescribed PNP OBSERVER missions
the POLCOM (Police guidelines in the
•Gurdia Civil = Created Commission) as a conduct of operations b. Enforcement Action
by Royal decree on supervisory agency to against terrorists and = consist of
February 12, 1852, to oversee the training other lawless elements deployment of air, sea
partially relieve the and involved in terrorist and land forces
Spanish peninsula professionalization of activities.
troops of their works the local police under Five Permanent
in policing towns. It is the Officer of the •United Nations = Members of Security
consisted of a body of President. Otherwise officially came into Council
Filipino policemen known as the Police existence on October
24, 1945 1. China
organized originally in Professionalization act
each of the provincial of 1966, dated 2. France
Coined by Winston
capital of the province September 8, 1966. It
Churchill and Franklin
of Luzon under the was later renamed as 3. Russia
D. Roosevelt
Alcalde Mayor.) the National Police
4. United Kingdom
Commission Branches of UN
•Philippine (NAPOLCOM). 5. United States
Commission Act No. 1. UN general
of 175 = (July 18, 1901) •E.O. 1040 Transferred Assembly= This is the *The other 10
an act providing for the Admin. Control main decision-making members are rotating
the organization and and Supervision of the and representative or elective members
government of an INP from the ministry assembly in the UN for a period of two
Insular Constabulary. of National Defense to through its policies years by the General
the National Police and recommendations. Assembly.
•Sec. 1, Act 255 of Commission It is composed of all
October 3, 1901 = 3. International Court
member states, is
renamed the Insular •R.A. 6975 = It is of Justice = Located in
headed by a president
Constabulary to otherwise known as the Hague,
elected from the
Philippine the Department of Netherlands. This
member states, and
Constabulary (a Interior and Local branch is responsible
meets from September
national police Government Act of for the judicial matters
to December
institution for 1990, enacted on of the UN.
preserving peace, December 13, 1990. Functions of General
keeping order and Established the PNP, Assembly 4.Secretariat = Its main
enforcing the law. BFP, BJMP and the responsibility is
PPSC. a. Deliberative = providing studies,
•Henry Allen = the first initiating studies and information, and other
Chief of the Philippine •R.A. 8551 Philippine making data needed
Constabulary. National Police Reform recommendations for
and Reorganization the development of 5. Economic and
•Rafael Crame = the Act of 1998, enacted Social Council =
international law b.
first Filipino Chief of 1998, amending the consists of 45
Supervisory =
the Philippine provision of R.A. 6975 members elected by
receiving and
Constabulary. the General Assembly
considering annual
•Act No. 181 created for a 3 year term.
•Act No 70 = (On and special reports
the Division of
January 9, 1901) The from another organs
Investigation (DI) of Efforts are Towards
Metropolitan Police the Department of the Following:
c. Financial approval
Force of Manila was Justice dated and apportionment of
organized November 1938. a. Higher standards of
budget
living
•E.O. 389 Ordered that •R.A. 157 = created the d. Elective = election
the PC be one of the National Bureau of b. Condition of
of non-permanent
four services of the Investigation, enacted economic and social
members of the
AFP, dated December June 19, 1947 and later progress and
security council
23, 1940. reorganized by R,A. development
2678 e. Constituent
•P.D. 765 Integration c. Solutions of
admissions of
Act of 1975, dated •Line and Staff = the international
members and the
August 8, 1975, organizational economic, social,
amendments of
established the structure of the P.N.P. health and related
charter
Integrated National which is also adopted problems
Police (INP) composed by many police 2. UN Security Council
of the PC as the d. Universal respect
organization in the = is another branch in
nucleus and the for human rights and
the organization of the
Integrated local police •P.N.P. = headed by fundamental freedoms
UN and is the most
forces as components, Chief with a rank of powerful of all the 6. Trusteeship Council
under the Ministry of Director General with branches. = assists the security
National Defense. two (2) Deputy
council and the
Director General (1) for FUNCTIONS
•E.O. 1012 =transferred general assembly in
Administration and (2)
to the city and a. Preventive Action = the administration of
for Operation.
municipal government consist of provisional the International
Although there are
the operational measures to prevent a Trusteeship System
UN CHARTER = it is •It focuses on: (1) Mireille investigations and the
closest to a Combat crimes and BALLESTRAZZI location and
constitution that transnational crimes; (France) apprehension of
basically governs the (2) protect minorities fugitives.
relations of against the dominant Oscar Adolfo
international persons. groups; and (3) NARANJO TRUJILLO •Advisers = these are
Technically, it is a Maintain law (Colombia) experts in a purely
Treaty. enforcement advisory capacity, who
9 Delegates may be appointed by
regardless of race or
TREATY = an religion. the Executive
Pieter Jaap
international Committee and
AALBERSBERG (The
agreement concluded INTERPOL's Structure confirmed by the
Netherlands) Fath
between states in General Assembly.
• General Assembly ELRAHMAN Osman
written form and
(Sudan) •Commission for the
sworn by international
• Executive Committee Control of INTERPOL'
law, whether Emmanuel GASANA
embodied in a single File (CCF) = this is an
• General Secretariat (Rwanda)
instrument or in two or independent body
more instruments and • National Central Francisco GIL whose mandate is
whatever its particular Bureaus MONTERO (Spain) threefold:
designation.
• Advisers Nobuyuki KAWAI (1) to ensure that the
INTERPOL (Japan) processing of
• The Commission for personal information
•Interpol (1923) = the Control of Tariq KHOSA by INTERPOL
(International Criminal INTERPOL's Files. (Pakistan) complies with the
Police Organization) is Organization's
Sanna PALO (Finland)
the police forces regulations,
organization that General Assembly = is Marcos VASQUEZ
primarily manifest (2) to advice
the supreme MEZA (Chile)
global or international INTERPOL on any
governing body of the
cooperation in Timothy A. WILLIAMS project, operation, set
Interpol, it meets
addressing (United States) of rules or other
annually and
transnational crime. Its matter concerning the
comprises delegates
headquarters was General Secretariat = information contained
appointed by each
initially located in (Lyon, France) in INTERPOL'S files.
member country. The
Vienna Austria (it is operates 24 hours a
assembly takes all INTERPOL's
where Interpol was day, 365 days a year
important decisions Governance =
founded) but at and is run by the
related to policy, comprises the General
present it is Secretary General. It
resources, working Assembly and the
transferred to Lyon Works with Officials of
methods, finances, Executive Committee,
France. more than 80
activities and which is headed by the
countries side-by-side
programmes. President.
• INTERPOL = is the using four official
world's largest Executive Committee = languages: Arabic,
The President of the
international police consisting of 13 English, French and
Organization is elected
organization, with 190 members elected by Spanish. It consists of
by the General
member countries. It the General Assembly seven (7) regional
Assembly for a period
exists to help create a and comprises the offices across the
of four (4) years. His
safer world by president, three vice- world namely:
role is to chair the
supporting law presidents and nine
Argentina, General Assembly and
enforcement agencies delegates covering the Executive Committee
worldwide to combat four regions. • Cameron, and ensure that
crime.
INTERPOL'S activities
It is the INTERPOL's • Cote D'Ivoire,
•It aims to facilitate conform with
select deliberate organ
international police co- decisions made at
which meets three • Kenya,
operation, and these meetings.
times a year, usually in
supports and assists • El Salvador,
March. July and Oskar Dressler = the
all organizations, immediately before the Thailand, and first secretary general
authorities and General Assembly. Zimbabwe. of the Interpol.
services whose
mission is to prevent Current Members of National Central Johann Schober = the
or combat internal the EC as of 2012 Bureaus (NCB) Each first president of the
crime. INTERPOL member Interpol.
KHOO Boon Hui
•the organization of country maintains a
(Singapore) - Current INTERPOL'S NOTICE
law enforcement National Central
President and
agencies worldwide Bureau staffed by 1. Red Notice - a
Singapore's Senior
that serves as National law notice which is issued
Deputy Secretary of
transmission or enforcement officers. to seek the arrest or
the Ministry of Home
communication line The NCB is the provisional arrest of
Affairs and former
for the exchange of designated contact wanted persons with a
Commissioner of
information, data and point for the General view to extradition.
Police.
request for assistance Secretariat, regional
3 Vice Presidents offices and other 2. Blue Notice - this
between and among
member countries type of notice is
the member countries.
Adamu Abubakar requiring assistance issued in order to
MOHAMMED (Nigeria) with overseas locate, identify or
obtain information on • Problem Oriented c. International Alert ASEAN NATIONAL
a person of interest in Policing System POLICE (ASEANAPOL)
a criminal
investigation. Community Oriented An important 1981 (Manila) The first
Policing Cooperative component of formal meeting of The
3. Green Notice to Policing Team Policing INTERPOL's Chiefs of ASEAN
warn about a person's operational police Police
criminal activities if INTERPOL'S FOUR support is the notice
that person is CORE FUNCTIONS system, of which the = Attended by 5
considered to be a Red Notice for wanted original member
1. Secure Global countries (Indonesia,
possible threat to persons is the most
Police Malaysia, Philippines,
public safety. well known. In addition
Communications Singapore and
to the six color-coded
4. Yellow Notice to Services Thailand)
notices (Red, Blue,
help locate missing Green, Yellow, Black
INTERPOL developed FIVE OTHER
persons, often minors, and Orange), is the
the I-24/7 global police MEMBERS
or to help identify INTERPOL-United
communications
persons who are Nations Special Notice
system to exchange 1. Brunei
unable to identify issued for groups or
crucial data quickly
themselves. individuals who are 2. Cambodia
and securely is a
cornerstone of the targets of UN
5. Black Notice - a 3. Lao
effective international sanctions against Al
notice issued to seek
law enforcement. Qaeda and the Taliban. 4. Myanmar
information on
unidentified bodies. d. Analyzing Crime
2. Operational Data 5. Vietnam
Services and Data
6. Orange Notice - to
Databases for Police IMPORTANT DATES
warn of an event, a Criminal intelligence
person, an object or a analysis is recognized 1983 (Jakarta) =
INTERPOL provides
process representing by the law Endorsement of the
operational data
an imminent threat enforcement model & design of
services and
and danger to persons community as a ASEANAPOL logo
databases for police to
or property. valuable tool, helping
fight international
to provide timely 1984 (Kuala Lumpur) =
7. Purple Notice - crime, police need
warning of threats and Royal Brunei Police
issued to provide access to information
operational police became a member and
information on modus which can assist
activities. INTERPOL joined the annual
operandi, objects, investigations or help
contributes to conference
devices and prevent crime.
INTERPOL manages investigations by
concealment methods 1996 (Kuala Lumpur) =
several databases, assisting officers
used by criminals. Vietnam joined as a
accessible to the working at the General
new member
8. INTERPOL-United INTERPOL bureaus in Secretariat and in
Nations Security all member countries member countries with 1998 (Brunei) Laos
Council Special Notice through its 1-24/7. research and analysis joined ASEANAPOL
- is issued for on crime trends and
individuals and 3. Operational Police with training courses 2000 (Myanmar) =
entities that are Support Services in criminal analysis Myanmar became the
subject to UN techniques. 10th country to joined
a. 24-Hour Support as a new member
sanctions.
Divisions of Criminal
The Command and Co- 2005 (Bali) = The
The following are Intelligence Analysis
ordination Centre setting up of a working
channels of global
(CCC) operates round a. Operational group to consider the
bilateral and
the clock in all of Analysis = aims to viability of
multilateral
INTERPOL's four achieve a specific law establishing a
international
official languages enforcement outcome. permanent
cooperation against
(English, French, Usually, it has ASEANAPOL
transnational crime:
Spanish and Arabic) immediate benefit Secretariat
• Global multi-lateral and serves as the first
point of contact for b. Strategic Analysis = = Silver Jubilee
cooperation via
any member country provides early warning Commemoration of
Interpol;
faced with a crisis signals of threats and ASEANAPOL
•Bilateral police situation. b. Crisis to support decision
cooperation Response and Major making in setting 2008 (Brunei) = The
agreements with Events priorities to deal with Royal Malaysia Police
individual states; criminal issues was chosen as a host
In the event of a of permanent
• European multilateral disaster or major 4. Police Training and ASEANAPOL
cooperation via crime, INTERPOL Development Secretariat
Europol. Response Teams or
As one of the 4 2009 (Vietnam)
Disaster Victim
*System of policing INTERPOL core Adoption of Terms of
Identification teams
that serves as a grass functions, Police Reference (TOR)
composed of officers
root approach to bring Training and
from the General
the people and the Development 2010 On 1st January
Secretariat and
police together in continues to evolve as 2010 commencement
member countries can
cooperative manners: a priority for of ASEANAPOL
be dispatched to the
INTERPOL and Secretariat in Kuala
scene within hours of
member countries. Lumpur, Malaysia
an event.
ORANIZATION

1. ASEANAPOL
EXECUTIVE
COMMITTEE =
comprise of deputy
heads of delegation
attending the annual
ASEANAPOL
conference. It provides
a summary reports of
the activities of the
Secretariat to the Head
of the Delegation

2. ASEANAPOL
PERMANENT
SECRETARIAT = is on
rotational basis with
member countries
taking turn to host the
ASEANAPOL
conference and
automatically assume
the role of the
secretariat for the
current year.

= headed by executive
director and assisted
by 2 directors

Tenure of Services

a. Executive Director -
2 years

b. Directors - 3 years
(one for Police
Services and one for
Plans and Programs "

During the 29th

ASEANAPOL
Conference in Hanoi,
Vietnam in 2009, the
Terms of Reference on
the establishment of
ASEANAPOL
Secretariat was finally
endorsed. Kuala
Lumpur was made the
permanent seat.

*The ASEANAPOL
Secretariat started its
operation fully on
January 1, 2010.