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Matrices Week 1
Matrices Week 1
Matrices Week 1
► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vnfRPzAQ0g
What is a matrix?
►A matrix is a rectangular array of items/numbers.
Element
An individual item in a matrix
Terminology
Dimension
► The number of rows followed by columns in a matrix
Matrices
A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers
arranged in rows and columns.
The dimensions of a matrix are written as
rows x columns.
Count
Count Across
Down
Matrices - Introduction
3. Rectangular matrix
Contains more than one element and number of rows is not equal
to the number of columns
Matrices - Introduction
Square matrix
The number of rows is equal to the number of columns
(a square matrix A has an order of m)
mxm
Matrices - Introduction
5. Diagonal matrix
A square matrix where all the elements are zero except those on the
main diagonal
Matrices - Introduction
TYPES OF MATRICES
Triangular matrix
A square matrix whose elements above or below the main diagonal
are all zero
Matrices – Introduction
Scalar matrix
A diagonal matrix whose main diagonal elements are equal
to the same scalar
A scalar is defined as a single number or constant
Matrices - Operations
EQUALITY OF MATRICES
Two matrices are said to be equal only when all
corresponding elements are equal
Therefore their size or dimensions are equal as well
A= B= A=B
Matrices - Operations
ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF MATRICES
53
⎢⎡ ⎤ ⎥
−7 4 2 ⎢−4⎥ 4
⎡⎢ ⎥ ⎤
8−1 0 ⎢
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ 2
⎥
This is a 2 x 3 0 ⎦
This is a 3 x 2
matrix matrix
Find a13, a24, and
a33
a24, and
Find a13
a33
,
Find a13, a24, and
a33
Find a13, a24, and
a33
3 X 2 2 X 2 3 X 3
1X 2 2X 1 1X 1
Addition and Subtraction of matrices
=
Scalar Multiplication
► -1
An example
2 X 3
3 X 3
2 X 1
1 X 2
Are the following matrix multiplications possible?
NO YES
YES YES
YES
NO
2x2 2x2
3x3 2x2
What is the dimension of the following products, if possible?
NO YES
2x2
YES YES
3x3 3x3
3x2 2x3 3x1 1x3
YES
NO
2x2
2x2 2x2
3x3 2x2
MATRIX MULTIPLICATION
ROW…COLUMN
MATRIX MULTIPLICATION SUMMARY
Row 2
Row 3
Row m
Evaluate
1) A+B
2) A-B
3) 3A+B
Matrix Multiplication