Express the following numbers

in scientific notation:

1. 0.00125
2. 2,000,000,000
3. 796,000
4. 872
5. 90
Express the following numbers
in scientific notation:
3
6. 6.27×10
2
7. 281×10
8. 0.00179
9. 0.0000763
-3
10. 367×10
Scientific
Notation
What is it and how is it useful?
 Approximate distance of Earth from the Sun:
150,000,000 km

Approximate mass of a hydrogen atom:

0.00000000000000000000000000167 kilograms.

How can we write these

numbers easier?

The solution is
scientific notation.
 Scientific notation is a neat and quick
way of writing

What is (i) very large or

(ii) very small numbers

Scientific b 6
a × 10 Example: 2.3 × 10

Notation?
Where 1 < α < 10
and b is an integer
Parts of Scientific Notation
6 exponent
2.3 × 10

coefficient base
 Scientific Notation to
Standard Form

Exponent is positive Exponent is negative

6 -6
2.3 × 10 = 2,300,000 2.3 × 10 = 0.0000023

What do you notice?

 Scientific Notation to
Standard Form
Exponent is positive Decimal is moved
6
2.3 × 10 = 2.300000. 6 times to the right
1 2 3 4 5 6

Exponent is negative
-6 Decimal is moved
2.3 × 10 = 0.000002.3 6 times to the left
1 2 3 4 5 6
 Can you find out...

How many times the What is the average How many cell phones How wide is a plant
human eye blinks width of a human hair? are in use today cell in meters?
per year? in the US?
Answer Key

The human eye blinks The width of a human Approximately _______ A plant cell is
around _________times hair is approximately cell phones are in use in approximately ______
per year. _____________ the US. meters wide.

= 4,200,000 = 0.00117 = 250,000,000 = 0.00001276

 Distance Across
the Universe!
Proxima Centauri, the closest star to our own -
the Sun - is just 40,208,000,000,000 km away.

Considering that a light year corresponds to a

distance of 9 × 1012 km, which of the two
distances is larger?
Summary
Scientific Notation
b
This is a shorter way a × 10
of writing large or Where 1 < α < 10
small numbers. and b is an integer

6
exponent
2.3 × 10

coefficient base
MEASUREMENTS
 HISTORY
The earliest and most obvious way of measuring things
was using parts of the human body.
Cubit - the length from the elbow to the tip of the
middle finger.
Foot - the length of an average man’s foot
 SYTEMS OF UNITS
1 2

Metric System British System

It has been known officially as the It is also known as English System
International System (SI).
 Accuracy and Precision
Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to
its true value.

Precision refers to the repeatability or closeness of

the measurement results using a given instrument
a. Juan (Good
Accuracy; Good
Precision)
b. Pedro (Poor
Accuracy; Good
Precision)
c. Helen(Good
Accuracy; Poor
Precision)
d. Maria (Poor
Accuracy; Poor
Precision)