Ch#09 Physics of Optics

9.1 Two or more sources of light will behave as coherent when the light emitted is in phase, having same
frequency, wavelength, and constant phase difference.
9.2 The equation of interference shows that the separation between the fringes is inversely proportional to the
distance between slits. So to disappear fringes the separation between slits should be reduced to zero, then
separation become infinity.
9.3 Yes! It is possible because visible light is a composition of all colors so these colors interfere and produce
interference pattern. The best example for that is soap bubbles or oil films.
9.4 The interference of non-coherent light sources is not possible so we will observe only the two different color
images of constant intensity on the screen.
9.5 Basically Young’s experiment is performed for the study of interference of coherent light, but as edges of
slits could produce diffraction so it could also be observed by this experiment.
9.6 It shows different colors due to the interference of white light, as it is composition of all colors so some
interfere constructively and at some other point it interfere destructively which shows the result.
9.7 Yes! It is possible but the fringes pattern is just opposite the pattern obtained by reflected light because the
phase difference in transmitted light is 0o while in reflected light it is 180o. hence the central spot for
transmitted light is bright.
9.8 As the equation of diffraction through a grating is written as
dsinθ = nλ
So for third order
dsinθ = 3λ3
So for fourth order
dsinθ = 4λ4
Thus their ratio becomes as
dsinθ 3 λ 3
=
dsinθ 4 λ 4
3 λ3
1=
4 λ4
λ3 4
=
λ4 3
9.9 As the grating equation is as
dsinθ = nλ
here we know that
1
d=
N
1
sinθ = nλ
N

sinθ
n=
Nλ
1
nα
N
This shows that the order of spectra can be increased by decreasing the lines per cm on the grating.
9.10 Polaroid sunglasses are better than ordinary sun glasses because these may reduce glare produced by light
polarized from water, glass, rough roads.
9.11 When an un-polarized light passes through a Polaroid its intensity remains same, while when a polarized
light passes through a Polaroid its intensity changes.
And
When an un-polarized light passes through a Polaroid it rotate Polaroid about the direction of propagation,
while when a polarized light passes through a Polaroid it does not rotated.
9.12 Blanks
i. Huygens’s , source
 ii. Smaller
iii. Increases
iv. Greater
v. Transverse
vi. Polarizer vii. Reduces