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Learn Arabic – The Language of Qur'an

LEARN ARABIC · NOUNS

Triptotes and Diptotes

March 13, 2016April 5, 2016 · Learn Arabic

Note: Quran (15:18:1) represents the Para (Juzz) # 15, chapter # 18, and verse # 1.

Triptotes and Diptotes (Seq # 11)

This is a very important topic to understand. Nouns in the Arabic language are categorized as
Triptotes and Diptotes based on the complete or partial declension of nouns.

A noun with complete declension has two dammah when it is ‫َم رُف وٌع‬, two fatah when it is
‫ َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬and two kathrah when it is ‫َم ْج ُر وٌر‬. Such a noun is called as triptote.

Triptote Examples

Examples of
Case
Triptotes
‫َم ــْر ُف ــْو ٌع‬ ‫َكتاٌب‬ ‫ُم َح َّم ٌد‬ ‫َح اِم ٌد‬
‫َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬ ‫ِك َت اًبــا‬ ‫ُم َح َّم ًد‬ ‫َح اِم ًد‬
‫َم ــْج ــُر ْو ٌر‬
‫ِك َت اٍب‬ ‫ُم َح َّم ٍد‬ ‫َح اِم ٍد‬
A noun with partial declension has one dammah when it is ‫َم رُف وٌع‬, one fatah when it is ‫َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬
and one fatah when it is ‫َم ْج ُر وٌر‬. In partial declension a noun do not end with tanveen. Such a
noun is called as diptote.

Diptote Examples

Case Examples of Diptotes

‫َم ــْر ُف ــْو ٌع‬ ‫َم ْر َي ُم‬ ‫إْبراهيُم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وُن‬
‫َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬ ‫َم ْر َي َم‬ ‫إْبراهيَم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وَن‬
‫َم ــْج ــُر ْو ٌر‬
‫َم ْر َي َم‬ ‫إْبراهيَم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وَن‬
Observe the endings in the end of above nouns. They don’t end with tanveens.

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Exercises

State TRUE or FALSE: Read the verse Quran (15:18:31). The word ‫( َأ َس ــاِو َر‬A bracelets) which
is a diptote is present in this verse.
State TRUE or FALSE: Read the verse Quran (16:18:106). The word ‫( َج َه َّن ُم‬hell) which is a
diptote is present in this verse.
State TRUE or FALSE: Read the verse Quran (16:18:94). The words ‫ َي ــأُج ــوَج‬and ‫ َم ــأُج ــوَج‬are
diptotes and not present in this verse.
State TRUE or FALSE: Read the verse Quran (15:18:37). The word ‫( َرُج ــًال‬A man) is a triptote
and is present in this verse.
State TRUE or FALSE: The word ‫( َس ــاَع ــٌة‬An hour) is a triptote.

Ending of a Diptote noun is Fatah in case of ‫ َم ْنُص ْو ٌب‬and ‫( َم ْج ُر ْو ٌر‬Seq # 12)

In the last session we have learnt triptotes and diptotes. For its importance, it is to note once
again that the endings of Diptotes in the case of ‫ َم ــْنُص وٌب‬and ‫ َم ــجُر وٌر‬form are Fatah (i.e, Zabar).
Observe the following examples to recognize Fatah (i.e, Zabar) in the case of ‫ َم ــْنُص وٌب‬and
‫َم ــجُر وٌر‬.

Case Examples of Diptotes

‫َم ــْر ُف ــْو ٌع‬ ‫َم ْر َي ُم‬ ‫إْبراهيُم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وُن‬
‫َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬ ‫َم ْر َي َم‬ ‫إْبراهيَم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وَن‬
‫َم ــْج ــُر ْو ٌر‬ ‫َم ْر َي َم‬ ‫إْبراهيَم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وَن‬
Exercises

State TRUE or FALSE: The ‫ َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬ending of a diptote noun is not Dammah.
State TRUE or FALSE: The ‫ َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬and ‫ َم ــْج ــُر وٌر‬endings of a diptote noun is Fatah.
State TRUE or FALSE: Diptote nouns do not end with tanveen (two dammah, two fatah, two
kathrah).
First two categories of Diptotes (Seq # 13)

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There are few categories of nouns which are diptotes in the Arabic language. In this session,
two categories with examples are given below.

Category # 1 (All feminine person (Women) name nouns are Diptotes)

Examples of Feminine Person

Case
names
Marfoun ‫َم ْر َي ُم‬ ‫َف اِط مُة‬ ‫َز ْي َن ُب‬
‫َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬ ‫َم ْر َي َم‬ ‫َف اِط مَة‬ ‫َز ْي َن َب‬
Majroor ‫َم ْر َي َم‬ ‫َف اِط مَة‬ ‫َز ْي َن َب‬
Category # 2 (All Foreign name nouns are Diptotes)

Arabic language considers the names like Ibrahim, Ismail, London, Washington, Yaajooj,
Majooj etc as foreign names as compare to Mohammed, Hamid etc as local names. So, all
foreign name nouns in the Arabic language are diptotes. Examples below.

Case Examples of Foreign name nouns

Marfoun ‫َلْنَد ُن‬ ‫إْبراهيُم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وُن‬
‫َم ــْنــُص ــْو ٌب‬ ‫َلْنَد َن‬ ‫إْبراهيَم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وَن‬
Majroor ‫َلْنَد َن‬
‫إْبراهيَم‬ ‫ِف ْر َع وَن‬
Other categories of diptotes will be discussed as and when required.

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Exercises

State TRUE or FALSE: In the Arabic language, the name ‫ ُم َح َّم ٌد‬is not a foreign name.
State TRUE or FALSE: Read the verse Quran (16:18:94). The two words ‫ َي أُج وَج‬and ‫ َم أُج وَج‬are
diptotes because they are foreign names and are present in this verse.
State TRUE or FALSE: All the foreign name nouns are diptotes in the Arabic language.

Answers to the exercises

Triptotes and Diptotes (Seq # T, T, F,

11) T, T
Ending of a Diptote noun is
Fatah in case of ‫ َم ْنُص وب‬and T, T, T
‫( َم ْج ُر ور‬Seq # 12)
First two categories of Diptotes
T, T, T
(Seq # 13)
 (https://understandarabic.files.wordpress.com/2016/03/aric-diptote-triptote11.jpg)

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