Vol. 1, No.

A technical publication from Joseph Industries, the specialist in drive line

replacement components
for the industrial/construction
equipment markets.

The Control Valve Assembly

the brains behind the transmission
Borg Warner-type transmissions bolt-on valve
utilize a variety of control valve assemblies.
assemblies. These control valve How ever, several
assemblies may differ in models employ
appearance, but what they all an internal valve
have in common is a collection assembly.
ofvalves, springs and passages. A typical in-
By directing hydraulic pressure spection process
toforward/reverse clutches and for valve assem-
high/low clutch packs, this blies includes
assembly of parts controls the checking valves
➀
t
ransmission direction and for nicks, burrs
speed range. and scratches. ➀
W ashed and air- ➀
dried valves
should slide freely
in their respec- Four-Spool
tive bores. Control
Small burrs Valve
m ay be Assembly
re m oved
by using a
crocus cloth. How ever, care deep scratches. Valve body
should be taken notto round surfaces may be lapped when
the valve(1) land edges. The proper equipment is used.
sharp edge radius keeps (1) In some instances, the valve may be
the valve openings clean, referred to as a spool. For consistency,
preventing dirt from entering the valve assembly component identified
as number 1 in the illust ration, and which
the hydraulic system. Valve body functions as an open/close mechanism
surfaces should be flat without for the flow of hydraulic fluid, will be
Top-down view of the PR1 referred to as the valve.
transmission with its manual
valve assembly.
Driver demand is transferred
to the control valve assembly
The Velvet Drive* Transmission
via the selector lever and link-
age. In most cases this transfer
is a Construction W ork Horse
is manual, but two Borg Warner Borg Warner’s 10-16transmission t
ransmission, the 10-16 is a
t
ransmissions have optional is a common drive line compo- single-speed forward and revers-
electric valve assemblies. The nent in the construction industry. ing unit with an internal valve
majority of the Borg Warner-type It can be found in a variety of assembly. The 10-16 may be used
t
ransmissions utilize external rubber tire backhoe loader alone or in conjunction with an
applications. Also referred to auxiliary transmission. A torque
as the velvet drive industrial Continued on page 2

*Velvet Drive is a trade name ofVelvet Drive Transmissions, a Division of Regal-Beloit Corp. © 1995 Joseph Industries, Inc.
The Velvet Drive Transmission
is a Construction W ork Horse Continued from page 1

converter between engine

and transmission permits 1 0-1 6 Velvet Drive Transmission
stopping the vehicle in gear
with the engine running. The
10-16transmission consists of CONVERTER REVERSE CLUTCH
a planetary gear set, a multiple- RELIEF VALVE PRESSURE
disc reverse clutch and a
multiple-disc forward clutch. NEUTRAL
SWITCH
The input and output shafts
are coaxial. Hydraulic pressure
is supplied by a gear-type oil
pump driven at engine speed
by the torque converter hub.
Oil from the pump is directed
to the pressure regulator and
control valves. Converter DIPSTICK
pressure is maintained by a (OR FILLER TUBE)
converter regulator valve. The BYPASS HOSE
regulator valve within the valve
assembly controls oil pressure OUTLET TO OIL
COOLER
RETURN FROM
OIL COOLER
1 0-1 6 Valve Assembly COOLER
RETURN HOSE
SEAL RING BREATHER
VALVE PLUNGER ID TAG
MODEL NO.
SPRING SERIAL NO.
SPRING
“O”RING
ELECTRIC
SELECTOR SOLENOID
VALVE
PIN

SPRING
PIN
SNAP RING
SPRING
RETAINER
REGULATOR
VALVE EXPANSION PLUG

DRAIN
levelfor the entire unit.Oil PLUG
is directed to journals and
bushings through transmission
case passages to supply
pressure lubrication. Oil dis-
charged from the pressure M oving the forward and operation. Selecting
regulator and converter relief reverse shift lever causes oil to neutral directs oil back into
valve is directed back to the be directed to the appropriate the sump, disengaging the
t
ransmission sump. clutch for forward or reverse clutch packs.

2
Pumping life ne
into the transmission e Li
v
If the control valve assembly The pump is designed to Dris back
talk
is the brains behind the trans- have more capacity than the
mission, then the pump is t
ransmission requires. It is the
the heart of the transmission. pressure regulator valve’s job to
Before the transmission can handle the excess oil pressure. This feature is your opportunity
do anything it must have After oil has filled all open to present the experts at Joseph
hydraulic pressure. And this circuits, line pressure increases, Industries with your drive line
pressure is generated by building on the end of the component questions. Send
the pump. your questions and comments to
The pump housing Major P u mp Components
Drive Line, c/o Joseph Industries,
is mounted to the 10039 Aurora-Hudson Rd., Streetsboro,
t
ransmission with Ohio 44241.
its drive gear
connected to the H ow is reliability assured
torque converter with Joseph Industries’
hub. This means rebuilt transmissions?
that any time the As standard practice, all Joseph
engine is running, Housing and Concora rebuilt transmissions
whether the Converter have new bearings, gaskets, rubber
t
ransmission is Support lip seals, sealing rings, clutch plates
in gear or not, the and pump. All gears, drums and
pump’s drive gear brakes are inspected for wear.
isrotating. Drive Driven All components showing visible
Gear Gear signs of wear are replaced. Before
The sole purpose
of the pump is to each transmission is shipped,
deliver more oil than the pressure regulator valve. hydraulic pressure is tested at two
t
ransmission requires, whether The pressure buildup reaches rpm levels ensuring the unit meets
at idle or at high rpm speeds. a point where it overcomes all pressure levels specified in
Hydraulic oil enters the pump an opposing spring force, the O.E.M.’s service manual.
through the intake screen and opening the regulator valve. H ow does the transmission
t
ransmission case passages. The opening draws mainline core policy work?
Oil leaving the pump is directed oil back into the sump. This Every transmission sent to Joseph
through case and adapter low ers the pressure until it is Industries for rebuilding is issued
passages to the pressure balanced against the opposing a core refund. Subt racted from this
regulator valve, the open spring force. At this point refund is the replacement costof
valve body passages and the the oil line pressure is w orn components not part of the
torque converter. regulated. rebuild kit.Parts replaced as stan-
dard practice in rebuilding a trans-
C o m m on Borg Warner-type mission include bearings, gaskets,
automatic transmissions rubber lip seals, sealing rings,
Old New * clutch plates and the pump.
Designation Designation Type Typical Applications Can you offer some tips for
T11 10-11 2-speed lift trucks rebuilding a transmission?
T12 10-01 1-speed lift truck, utility 1. Be thorough.
construction vehicles
2. Clean every part before
T17 10-10 1-speed lift trucks reassembly. Dirt in the syste m
T22 10-08 1- & lift trucks, locomotives can accelerate component wear.
2-speeds
3. Check everything, replacing all
T27 10-12 2-speed lift trucks
w orn parts. Remember, wear
T72 10-16 1 speed backhoe tractors causes pressure losses.
PR1 10-21 1-speed lift trucks, utility 4. Check all clearances, making
construction vehicles
PR2 10-22 2-speed lift trucks
sure they meet the manufacturer’s
specifications outlined in the
*This designation changes once the original equipment manufacturer
assigns its own OEM part number to the Borg Warner transmission. service manual.