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Presentation Be Stars
Presentation Be Stars
Presentation Be Stars
Departamento de Astronomia
Instituto de Astronomia, Geofı́sica e Ciências Atmosféricas
Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
19 June 2017
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 1/49
Introduction
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 2/49
Introduction
(Credits: http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com)
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 3/49
Introduction
Be stars
3M . M . 17M ,
non-supergiant;
“Spectrum has, or
had at some time,
Balmer lines in
emission” ⇒
circumstellar
material;
Are not rare!
Represent 10% to a
few dozens of the B
typed stars
(depending on
region)
The seven main stars of the Pleiades cluster.
(Credits: http://www.astrosurf.com/buil/us/bestar.htm)
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 4/49
Introduction
Be stars
Understanding of Be stars leaped in
the last 10 years (advances in
observing and computational
techniques).
Disk-like (polarization,
spectrointerferometry);
double-peaked emission ⇒
essentially rotating disk;
the disk is completely ionized
and devoid of dust ⇒
chemically simpler than the
YSO disks!
Near-Keplerian (V/R
Schematic view of a Be star.
variations and
(Rivinius et al., 2013A&ARv..21...69R)
spectrointerferometry)
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 5/49
Introduction
Be stars
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 7/49
Introduction
Be stars are fast rotators
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 7/49
Introduction
Therefore,
With their gaseous disks and fast rotation, Be stars turned
out to be fundamental laboratories to test the physical
mechanisms relevant for the upper main sequence!
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 8/49
Introduction
The Viscous Decretion Disk (VDD)
The VDD is the only theory
capable of describing the
observed features of the disks of
Be stars.
VDDs are accretion disks
with an inner source of mass
and AM.
The “Be mechanism”
(pulsation?) puts
material in orbit near
the stellar equator;
Scheme of the VDD.
The viscous
mechanism
(Porter & Rivinius, 2003PASP..115.1153P)
(magnetorotational
instability - MRI?)
diffuses part of that
material outwards.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 9/49
Introduction
The Viscous Decretion Disk (VDD)
The steady-state VDD has been successful in modeling the
observables of Be stars.
Example:
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 10/49
Introduction
1
Mennickent et al., 2002A&A...393..887M
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 11/49
Introduction
The Viscous Decretion Disk (VDD)
But... Several Be stars are far from steady-state.
A precious fraction of light curves of Be stars show bumps and dips and
clear inactive phases.1
1
Mennickent et al., 2002A&A...393..887M
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 11/49
Introduction
Dip (edge-on):
Theoretical bump.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 12/49
Introduction
The Viscous Decretion Disk (VDD)
The α parameter is an important and largely unknown physical
parameter!
Realization: The α viscosity parameter is the main responsible
for the timescale of the variations!
Carciofi et al., 2012ApJ...744L..15C estimated, for the first
time, α ≈ 1 for a Be disk (recently revisited to α ≈ 0.21).
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 14/49
A study of the dynamical
VDD
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 15/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
∂ρ
+ ∇ · (ρv) = S , Mass continuity equation
∂t
and
∂v
ρ + v · ∇v = F ∗ − ∇P + ∇ · W , Equation of motion
∂t
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 16/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
∂ρ
+ ∇ · (ρv) = S , Mass continuity equation
∂t
and
∂v
ρ + v · ∇v = F ∗ − ∇P + ∇ · W , Equation of motion
∂t
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 16/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 17/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
Be mechanism:
S δ(R − Rinj )
Σ = Ṁinj (t)
ρ R
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 17/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
1 !
∂Σ 2 ∂ R 2 ∂ 2 2 δ(R − Rinj )
= αcs R Σ + Ṁinj (t) , Req < R < Rout
∂t R ∂R GM ∂R R
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 18/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
1. Timescale and time parameters
Realization: With the scaling in time and spatial dimensions of the disk
equation, it is possible to generate dynamical models independent of
the stellar and disk parameters M , Req , Teff and α(t). They are left to
be determined by the observations.
1 !
∂Σ 2 ∂ R 2 ∂ 2 2 δ(R − Rinj )
= αcs R Σ + Ṁinj (t) , Req < R < Rout
∂t R ∂R GM ∂R R
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 19/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
1. Timescale and time parameters
Realization: With the scaling in time and spatial dimensions of the disk
equation, it is possible to generate dynamical models independent of
the stellar and disk parameters M , Req , Teff and α(t). They are left to
be determined by the observations.
1 !
∂Σ 2 ∂ R 2 ∂ 2 2 δ(R − Rinj )
= αcs R Σ + Ṁinj (t) , Req < R < Rout
∂t R ∂R GM ∂R R
( ! )
δ(R̃ − R̃inj )
∂Σ 1 2 ∂ 1 ∂
τ (t)Ṁinj (t)
⇒ = R̃ 2 R̃2 Σ + 2
, 1 < R̃ < R̃out
∂t τ (t) R̃ ∂ R̃ ∂ R̃ 2πReq R̃
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 20/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
Req 1
2πReq Σ0 (τ̃ ) = Ṁinj (τ̃ ) R̃inj 2 − 1
τ (τ̃ )
where Σ0 is the asymptotic surface density, which means that
!
δ(R̃ − R̃inj )
∂Σ 2 ∂ 1 ∂
Σ0 (τ̃ )
⇒ = R̃ 2 R̃2 Σ + 1 , 1 < R̃ < R̃out
∂ τ̃ R̃ ∂ R̃ ∂ R̃ R̃inj 2 − 1 R̃
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 20/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 21/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
a dynamical disk!
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 21/49
A study of the dynamical VDD
The longer the build-up time, the larger is the external mass
reservoir ⇒ makes reaccretion appear slower.
New parameter: τ̃bu : the scaled build-up time.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 22/49
A model grid of bumps
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 23/49
A model grid of bumps
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 24/49
A model grid of bumps
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 25/49
A model grid of bumps
Radiative transfer models of bumps
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 26/49
A model grid of bumps
Build-up: Dissipation:
∞ 1 1
∆Xbu = ∆Xbu 1− ∆Xd = ∆Xd0
1 + (ξbu τ̃ )ηbu 1 + (ξd (τ̃ − τ̃bu ))ηd
h i
∞ 1−
Continuity condition: ∆Xd0 = ∆Xbu 1
1+(ξbu τ̃bu )ηbu
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 27/49
A model grid of bumps
Examples of computed light curves and empirical law fittings:
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 28/49
A model grid of bumps
Examples of computed light curves and empirical law fittings:
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 28/49
A model grid of bumps
Examples of computed light curves and empirical law fittings:
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 28/49
A model grid of bumps
Examples of computed light curves and empirical law fittings:
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 28/49
A model grid of bumps
∞ 1 1
∆Xbu = ∆Xbu 1− ∆Xd = ∆Xd0
1 + (ξbu τ̃ )ηbu 1 + (ξd (τ̃ − τ̃bu ))ηd
∞
∆Xbu (Star, cos i, Σ0 )
Maximum excess
produced by the disk
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 29/49
A model grid of bumps
∞ 1 1
∆Xbu = ∆Xbu 1− ∆Xd = ∆Xd0
1 + (ξbu τ̃ )ηbu 1 + (ξd (τ̃ − τ̃bu ))ηd
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 30/49
A model grid of bumps
∞ 1 1
∆Xbu = ∆Xbu 1− ∆Xd = ∆Xd0
1 + (ξbu τ̃ )ηbu 1 + (ξd (τ̃ − τ̃bu ))ηd
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 31/49
A model grid of bumps
∞ 1 1
∆Xbu = ∆Xbu 1− ∆Xd = ∆Xd0
1 + (ξbu τ̃ )ηbu 1 + (ξd (τ̃ − τ̃bu ))ηd
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 31/49
A model grid of bumps
2
as suggested by Ghoreyshi et al. 2017.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 32/49
A model grid of bumps
2
as suggested by Ghoreyshi et al. 2017.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 32/49
A model grid of bumps
A fitting pipeline for bumps
1 Find a light curve of a Be star that contains at least one clear inactive
phase and one complete bump;
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 33/49
A model grid of bumps
A fitting pipeline for bumps
1 Find a light curve of a Be star that contains at least one clear inactive
phase and one complete bump;
2 Subtract the magnitudes X∗ and describe the bump by ∆X(t);
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 33/49
A model grid of bumps
A fitting pipeline for bumps
1 Find a light curve of a Be star that contains at least one clear inactive
phase and one complete bump;
2 Subtract the magnitudes X∗ and describe the bump by ∆X(t);
∞
3 Fit the “bump equation” and obtain the parameters ∆Xbu , Cbu , Cd ,
t1 and t2 ;
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 33/49
A model grid of bumps
A fitting pipeline for bumps
1 Find a light curve of a Be star that contains at least one clear inactive
phase and one complete bump;
2 Subtract the magnitudes X∗ and describe the bump by ∆X(t);
∞
3 Fit the “bump equation” and obtain the parameters ∆Xbu , Cbu , Cd ,
t1 and t2 ;
4 Transform the apparent magnitudes X∗ to absolute magnitudes MX∗ ;
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 33/49
A model grid of bumps
A fitting pipeline for bumps
1 Find a light curve of a Be star that contains at least one clear inactive
phase and one complete bump;
2 Subtract the magnitudes X∗ and describe the bump by ∆X(t);
∞
3 Fit the “bump equation” and obtain the parameters ∆Xbu , Cbu , Cd ,
t1 and t2 ;
4 Transform the apparent magnitudes X∗ to absolute magnitudes MX∗ ;
5 Estimate the stellar parameters, the geometric parameter (cos i) and
the bump parameters (Σ0 , αbu , αd ) based on the measured
parameters and our grid of models.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 33/49
A model grid of bumps
Our approach: Fitting using MCMC
sampling
Spoilers:
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 34/49
A model grid of bumps
Our approach: Fitting using MCMC
sampling
Spoilers:
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 34/49
A model grid of bumps
Our approach: Fitting using MCMC
sampling
Spoilers:
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 34/49
Estimating fundamental disk
parameters with light curves
(Credits: http://naukawobiektywie.us.edu.pl/2014/galeria/zd27_3.jpg)
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 35/49
Estimating fundamental disk parameters
with light curves
OGLE II + III light curves from the SMC
Mennickent et al.a
selected ∼ 1000 light
curves of Be candidates
from OGLE
microlensing survey;
Bumps and dips roughly
correspond to their
type-1 and 2 light curves
(belong to early B stars
with circumstellar
emission - Paul et al.b ).
In this work, we selected
54 light curves with 81
OGLE II and OGLE III fields in the SMC
bumps.
(Wyrzykowski et al. 2011MNRAS.416.2949W)
a
Mennickent et al. 2002A&A...393..887M
b
Paul et al. 2012MNRAS.421.3622P
th
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19 , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 36/49
Estimating fundamental disk parameters
with light curves
Example:
One bump of
SMC SC5 65500.
−2
Σ0 = 1.7+0.6
−0.4 g cm
αbu = 0.7+0.38
−0.34
αd = 0.26+0.13
−0.1
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 37/49
Estimating fundamental disk parameters
with light curves
Whole sample - Mass distribution
Our sample is biased
towards more massive stars!
Blue: distribution of M
for our sample;
Green: IMF weighed by
fraction of Be stars from
the SMCa
Possible reasons for bias:
Uncertainties
increase with
magnitude;
Galactic late Be stars
are less dense and
variable.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017
a Dynamical viscous decretion disks 38/49
Estimating fundamental disk parameters
with light curves
Whole sample - Asymptotic surface density
Slight trend: Σ0
increases with M ;
Our sample is biased
towards high disk
density (in comparison
with Vieira et al.a ).
Our sample must represent
the upper limit for disk
densities in the SMC.
a
Vieira et al. 2017MNRAS.464.3071V
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 39/49
Estimating fundamental disk parameters
with light curves
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 40/49
Estimating fundamental disk parameters
with light curves
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 41/49
Estimating fundamental disk parameters
with light curves
Whole sample - Angular momentum loss
Simultaneous
determinations of Σ0
and αbu allow the
determination of the
steady-state AM loss
rate −J˙std .
Typical −J˙std for our
dense disks are
∼ 5 × 1036 g cm2 s−2 .
Disagreement: Geneva
modelsa of early Be
stars predict AM loss
rates ∼ 10 times bigger
than the obtained by
our densest disks!
a
Granada et al. 2013A&A...553A..25G
th
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19 , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 42/49
Estimating fundamental disk parameters
with light curves
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 42/49
Conclusions
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 43/49
Conclusions
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 44/49
Conclusions
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 44/49
Conclusions
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 44/49
Conclusions
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 44/49
Conclusions
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 44/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Fundamental parameters for individual stars had large
uncertainties;
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Fundamental parameters for individual stars had large
uncertainties;
Study of the whole sample showed that we selected
early Be stars with the densest disks
(hΣ0 i = 1.44+1.01
−0.75 g cm
−2
);
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Fundamental parameters for individual stars had large
uncertainties;
Study of the whole sample showed that we selected
early Be stars with the densest disks
(hΣ0 i = 1.44+1.01
−0.75 g cm
−2
);
The most massive stars appear to be more variable;
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Fundamental parameters for individual stars had large
uncertainties;
Study of the whole sample showed that we selected
early Be stars with the densest disks
(hΣ0 i = 1.44+1.01
−0.75 g cm
−2
);
The most massive stars appear to be more variable;
We measured α for the first time for a statistically
significant sample of Be stars.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Fundamental parameters for individual stars had large
uncertainties;
Study of the whole sample showed that we selected
early Be stars with the densest disks
(hΣ0 i = 1.44+1.01
−0.75 g cm
−2
);
The most massive stars appear to be more variable;
We measured α for the first time for a statistically
significant sample of Be stars.
Viscosity during the build-up is frequently bigger than
+0.52
during dissipation (hαbu i = 0.63−0.39 and hαd i = 0.29+0.61
−0.20 ).
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Fundamental parameters for individual stars had large
uncertainties;
Study of the whole sample showed that we selected
early Be stars with the densest disks
(hΣ0 i = 1.44+1.01
−0.75 g cm
−2
);
The most massive stars appear to be more variable;
We measured α for the first time for a statistically
significant sample of Be stars.
Viscosity during the build-up is frequently bigger than
+0.52
during dissipation (hαbu i = 0.63−0.39 and hαd i = 0.29+0.61
−0.20 ).
Determinations of α challenge models based on the MRI!;
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Fundamental parameters for individual stars had large
uncertainties;
Study of the whole sample showed that we selected
early Be stars with the densest disks
(hΣ0 i = 1.44+1.01
−0.75 g cm
−2
);
The most massive stars appear to be more variable;
We measured α for the first time for a statistically
significant sample of Be stars.
Viscosity during the build-up is frequently bigger than
+0.52
during dissipation (hαbu i = 0.63−0.39 and hαd i = 0.29+0.61
−0.20 ).
Determinations of α challenge models based on the MRI!;
We draw attention to the AM loss of Be stars and
measured AM loss rates for a statistically significant sample
of Be stars.
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Conclusions
We applied our pipeline to 54 selected light curves from the SMC
(low metallicity) containing 81 bumps/dips.
Fundamental parameters for individual stars had large
uncertainties;
Study of the whole sample showed that we selected
early Be stars with the densest disks
(hΣ0 i = 1.44+1.01
−0.75 g cm
−2
);
The most massive stars appear to be more variable;
We measured α for the first time for a statistically
significant sample of Be stars.
Viscosity during the build-up is frequently bigger than
+0.52
during dissipation (hαbu i = 0.63−0.39 and hαd i = 0.29+0.61
−0.20 ).
Determinations of α challenge models based on the MRI!;
We draw attention to the AM loss of Be stars and
measured AM loss rates for a statistically significant sample
of Be stars.
Determinations of AM loss by Be stars challenge the
assumptions of internal coupling of AM in stellar
evolutionary models!
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 45/49
Perspectives
Observational perspectives
Modeling bumps/dips from the light curves of the LMC, selected by
Sabogal et al.3 . (Currently working!);
3
Sabogal et al. 2005MNRAS.361.1055S
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 47/49
Perspectives
Observational perspectives
Modeling bumps/dips from the light curves of the LMC, selected by
Sabogal et al.3 . (Currently working!);
Obtain spectroscopic and photometric data of Be stars with bumps
belonging to star clusters. Constraining stellar parameters will allow
better constraints on disk parameters! (SOAR proposal sent!);
3
Sabogal et al. 2005MNRAS.361.1055S
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 47/49
Perspectives
Observational perspectives
Modeling bumps/dips from the light curves of the LMC, selected by
Sabogal et al.3 . (Currently working!);
Obtain spectroscopic and photometric data of Be stars with bumps
belonging to star clusters. Constraining stellar parameters will allow
better constraints on disk parameters! (SOAR proposal sent!);
Try to remove the bias of densest disks! The disks are brighter in
the IR. Why not combine OGLE-IV light curves (V and I bands)
with VISTA-VMC light curves (J, H, Ks bands)?
3
Sabogal et al. 2005MNRAS.361.1055S
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 47/49
Perspectives
Observational perspectives
Modeling bumps/dips from the light curves of the LMC, selected by
Sabogal et al.3 . (Currently working!);
Obtain spectroscopic and photometric data of Be stars with bumps
belonging to star clusters. Constraining stellar parameters will allow
better constraints on disk parameters! (SOAR proposal sent!);
Try to remove the bias of densest disks! The disks are brighter in
the IR. Why not combine OGLE-IV light curves (V and I bands)
with VISTA-VMC light curves (J, H, Ks bands)?
Extend our study to Galactic Be stars showing bumps/dips and
take advantage of the photometric surveys using smaller telescopes
(e.g., ASAS, HATNet, KELT, SuperWASP, etc.). Try to crossmatch
with GAIA distances. (Contact with KELT team has been made!);
3
Sabogal et al. 2005MNRAS.361.1055S
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 47/49
Perspectives
Observational perspectives
Modeling bumps/dips from the light curves of the LMC, selected by
Sabogal et al.3 . (Currently working!);
Obtain spectroscopic and photometric data of Be stars with bumps
belonging to star clusters. Constraining stellar parameters will allow
better constraints on disk parameters! (SOAR proposal sent!);
Try to remove the bias of densest disks! The disks are brighter in
the IR. Why not combine OGLE-IV light curves (V and I bands)
with VISTA-VMC light curves (J, H, Ks bands)?
Extend our study to Galactic Be stars showing bumps/dips and
take advantage of the photometric surveys using smaller telescopes
(e.g., ASAS, HATNet, KELT, SuperWASP, etc.). Try to crossmatch
with GAIA distances. (Contact with KELT team has been made!);
Polarimetry can constrain the inclination angle! Follow Galactic Be
stars with our polarimetric campaigns at OPD.
3
Sabogal et al. 2005MNRAS.361.1055S
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 47/49
Perspectives
Theoretical perspectives
The determinations of α could be affected by our assumption of
isothermal disk! Adapt SINGLEBE and HDUST to operate in a
non-isothermal treatment of the disk evolution. (I’d love to
participate on that!)
4
Kee et al. 2016MNRAS.458.2323K
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 48/49
Perspectives
Theoretical perspectives
The determinations of α could be affected by our assumption of
isothermal disk! Adapt SINGLEBE and HDUST to operate in a
non-isothermal treatment of the disk evolution. (I’d love to
participate on that!)
Try to adress (even with approximations) the problem of the
line-driven wind raised by Kee et al.4 . How important is the radiative
wind?
4
Kee et al. 2016MNRAS.458.2323K
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 48/49
Perspectives
Theoretical perspectives
The determinations of α could be affected by our assumption of
isothermal disk! Adapt SINGLEBE and HDUST to operate in a
non-isothermal treatment of the disk evolution. (I’d love to
participate on that!)
Try to adress (even with approximations) the problem of the
line-driven wind raised by Kee et al.4 . How important is the radiative
wind?
Can we collaborate with the Geneva team in adressing the
angular momentum lost by the stars, which is transported by the
disks?
4
Kee et al. 2016MNRAS.458.2323K
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 48/49
Perspectives
Theoretical perspectives
The determinations of α could be affected by our assumption of
isothermal disk! Adapt SINGLEBE and HDUST to operate in a
non-isothermal treatment of the disk evolution. (I’d love to
participate on that!)
Try to adress (even with approximations) the problem of the
line-driven wind raised by Kee et al.4 . How important is the radiative
wind?
Can we collaborate with the Geneva team in adressing the
angular momentum lost by the stars, which is transported by the
disks?
Can we collaborate with turbulence theoreticians in building a
VDD from MHD simulations?
4
Kee et al. 2016MNRAS.458.2323K
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 48/49
Thank you!
Leandro R. Rı́mulo — Jun 19th , 2017 Dynamical viscous decretion disks 49/49