Black Soils Are Also Called As

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Holding Our Roots Tight With Black Soils
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Have often heard mid aged people often complaining about

All About This Treasured the deteriorating quality of fruits & vegetables in todays’s
Resource time? Well, they might be actually right and all thanks to the
deteriorated soil quality that we have in present conditions.
Share Soil is one of the earth's most important natural resources. It’s
a rich and complex ecosystem, accommodating a staggering
    array of biodiversity. Therefore, the significance of soil on life is
vast. Healthy soils are essential for healthy plant growth,
human nutrition, and water filtration. Soil is also an indicator of
Posted Apr 26, 2023 environmental quality, and its health can indicate the overall
health of an ecosystem. They are diverse in terms of their
Category Environment
structure, depth, texture, and fertility ie each type of soil has
Tags its own features and composition. They can be categorized
into sandy soil, silty soil, clay soil, peaty soil, saline soil, and
ENVIRONMENT loam soil.
Each type of soil is useful for particular functions like some are
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT suitable for producing crops, some for construction, and then
pottery and prevention of water runoff, and much more. We
AGRICULTURE SOIL HEALTH would here like to talk about one of the agriculturally most
crucial soils ie Black Soil, owing to its ability to retain water and
SOIL PRESERVATION its wide variety of fertile layers.
Black Soil : World’s Food Basket

Black Soil, also known as Regur soil, is rich in metals such as
Iron, Magnesium and Aluminum. This type of soil is considered
to be of high quality and is often used for agricultural
purposes. Lava spread from Volcanic eruption leads to the
formation of black soil from rocks. Black soils are carbon-rich
and highly fertile soils known as the world's food basket due to
the variability of crops they sustain. These are very fine and
dark and have a high proportion of calcium carbonate and
magnesium carbonate and are very clayey. The soil is
exceptionally moisture resistant and very sticky when wet. For
decades, these fertile soils have been widely cultivated and
have played a key role in the global agricultural production of
cotton, cereals, tuber crops, oilseed, pastures, and forage
systems. It is also suitable for growing crops such as peanuts,
wheat, tobacco, coffee, cocoa, spices and jowar.
These black earth belts, which account for only 5.6% of the
world's land area, provide food for not only the 223 million
people who live there but also for millions of others in nations
that import goods made in black soils, significantly
contributing to the growth of the global economy and food
security. In India, black soil can be found in the irregular
triangular area covering the Deccan, including the plateaus of
Maharashtra, Savlarstra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh and
Chhattisgarh, and extends southeastward along the Godavari
and Krishna valleys. While 31 percent of global black soils are
cultivated, great portions remain with their natural land cover
of forests and grasslands.
Significance of Black Soil
1. These soils are best suited for cotton crops. Rice and
sugarcane are equally important crops grown where irrigation
facilities are available.
2. These directly impact climate change mitigation and
adaptation due to their ability to remove carbon from the
atmosphere and lock it up in soil organic matter.
3. In some cultures, black soil uses are also associated with
health and prosperity.
4. These also promote the preservation of biodiversity through
the best traditional agricultural practices.
5. Black soils have the potential to provide 10% of the total Soil
Organic Carbon (SOC) sequestration globally if they receive
proper attention.
6. Black soils have distinctive soil properties that are key for
providing essential ecosystem services, for example, high soil
organic matter contents and cation exchange capacities,
better soil physical properties
Global Status on Black Soils : An Eyeopener by FAO
Unfortunately, this rich treasure is under threat as Black soils
are quickly losing their SOC stocks. Most of them are suffering
from moderate to severe erosion processes along with
nutrient imbalances, acidification and biodiversity loss. Land-
use change, unsustainable management practices and
excessive use of agrochemicals are the major factors that
have led to this situation.
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) marked World

Soil Day 2022 (5th December) with the launch of its first
Global Status on Black Soils, which are at greater risk than ever
due to the climate crisis, biodiversity loss and land use
change. Global status of black soils is the first ever report to
focus on the topic. Preserving natural vegetation on black soils
such as grasslands, forests and wetlands and adopting
sustainable soil management approaches on cropped black
soils were the two main goals highlighted by the report. The
report also highlights recommendations for farmers, national
governments, research and academia and the global platform
International Network of Black Soils.
Although black soils account for only 8.2 percent of the Global
Land Area (FAO, 2022a), they are of paramount importance for
food security, as highlighted by the UN Sustainable
Development Goal of global food security. Thanks to this
report, Black soils are a hot topic in agriculture these days,
making experts wonder what the status of black soils is and
what needs to be done to improve them.
Northeast China promotes conservational tillage on fertile
land : A Case Study
Black soil covers an area of 1.09 million square kilometres in
the Northeast China region, including around 29 million
hectares of farmland. But after continuous efforts and
practices like returning maize straw to the farmland for
mulching purposes not only increased the amount of organic
matter in the soil but also helped prevent wind and water-
driven soil erosion and preserve soil moisture, Xi said, adding
that the so-called Lishu model was worth promoting. They
followed the theory that "The key to conservational tillage is to
plough less soil through the no-tillage and stalk-covering
technology. The technology of mechanized planting, the
processes of cleaning straw, ditching, fertilizing, sowing and
covering soil can be completed in a single operation. "After five
years of the no-tillage and stalk-covering operation in the
experimental area, the soil organic matter increased by about
0.1 percent per year, six times that of conventional farming."
Key Takeaways
For Farmers –
Maintain or even increase SOC stocks through proven SSM
practices, such as no-till, manure addition, biochar, biomass
management, organic mulch, perennial crops, no-till strip
tillage, and soil and water conservation techniques.
Small watershed resource management to conserve moisture
and reduce erosion.
To reduce the impact of tillage and seeding systems on soil
health, the frequency (number of passes across the field) and
intensity (mass of soil disturbed) of soil passes must be
reduced.
Maintaining a low quantity but high frequency of mulch might
efficiently boost soil health without compromising crop yields
and as well optimize the use of stover.
Cover crops can be a good practice for sustainable black soil
management and needs to be adapted to the farming system,
black soil types and climate.
For government organizations -
• Foster the adoption of proven sustainable soil
management practices by empowering farmers through
national financial incentives to protect black soils.
• Promote the RECSOIL (Recarbonization of Global Soils)
initiative in countries with black soils.
• Establish national programmes specifically including
targeted research to manage and restore black soils.
References
https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-
analysis/global-status-of-black-soils-
fao#:~:text=Black%20soils%20were%20home%20to,security%
20and%20the%20global%20economy
https://www.fao.org/3/cc3124en/cc3124en.pdf
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/black-
soil-in-red-climate-change-threatens-world-s-food-basket-
86392
https://indiaagronet.com/indiaagronet/soil_management/CON
TENTS/Management%20of%20black.htm
https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/2016jilin/2021-
05/06/content_37544242.htm
https://www.gktoday.in/topic/global-status-of-black-soils-
report/
https://www.pmfias.com/alluvial-soils-black-soils-soil-types-
of-india-bhabar-terai-bhangar-khadar/
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The United Indian

Holding Our Roots Tight With Black Soils

Have often heard mid aged people often complaining about

Black Soil : World’s Food Basket

Significance of Black Soil

Global Status on Black Soils : An Eyeopener by FAO

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) marked World

ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT

Going Green : 10 Ways To Ecotourism in India: Solar Radiation 7 Jaw-Dropping Ways

About Us Social Cause

©TheUnitedIndian2023 Powered By Online World Solution

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