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Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

BDwbU
Avj-KziAvb
1
f~wgKv
cweÎ MÖš’ Avj-KziAvb gnvb Avjøvni Kvjvg ev evYx| G MÖ‡š’i fvlv, fve, A_©, gg©, welqe¯‘ me wKQy Avjøvni|
gvbe RvwZi Bn-ciKvjxb kvwšÍ I gyw³i mÜvb †`Iqv n‡q‡Q G cweÎ MÖ‡š’| Avj-KziAv‡b gvbe Rxe‡bi mKj
mgm¨vi mgvavb †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avj-KziAv‡bi gh©v`v I gvnvZ¥¨ AdzišÍ| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv nhiZ wReivBj (Av.)-
Gi gva¨‡g Awn †hv‡M GB KziAvb `xN© †ZBk eQ‡i me©‡kl I wek¦ bex nRiZ gynv¤§v` (m) Gi cÖwZ bvwhj K‡ib|
Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei g‡a¨ me©‡kl GB gnvMÖš’B †Kej AweK…Z Av‡Q| cÖwZwU gvby‡li KziAvb wkÿv Kiv Acwinvh©
KZ©e¨|
G BDwb‡U Avj-KziAv‡bi cwiPq, bvgKiY, Av‡jvP¨ welq, AeZiY I MÖš’ve× Ki‡Yi wel‡q Dc¯’vcb Kiv
n‡q‡Q|

GB BDwb‡Ui cvV¸‡jv wkÿv_©xi e¨w³MZ Aa¨q‡b mgq jvM‡e m‡e©v”P 13w`b|


BDwbU mgvwßi mgq

G BDwb‡Ui cvVmg~n
cvV-1 : Avj-KziAv‡bi cwiPq
cvV-2 : Avj-KziAv‡bi KvVv‡gvMZ welq
cvV-3 : Avj-KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq
cvV-4 : Avj-KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨
cvV-5 : Avj-KziAv‡bi AeZiY
cvV-6 : Inxi cwiPq I Inx bvwh‡ji c×wZ
cvV-7 : gv°x I gv`vbx m~iv
cvV-8 : Avj-KziAv‡bi msi¶Y
cvV-9 : Avj-KziAvb MÖš’ve×Ki‡Yi BwZnvm
cvV-10 : Avj-KziAvb wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡
cvV-11 : Avj-KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi dhxjZ
cvV-12 : Av`k© Rxeb MV‡b Avj-KziAv‡bi Ae`vb
cvV-13 : gvbeRvwZi Kj¨v‡Y Avj-KziAv‡bi wkÿv

BDwbU GK c„ôv-1
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cvV -1: Avj-KziAv‡bi cwiPq


D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb-


 Avj-KziAv‡bi A_© ej‡Z cvi‡eb
 Avj-KziAv‡bi bvgKi‡Yi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
 Avj-KziAv‡bi K‡qKwU cÖwm× bv‡gi ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

KziAvb, dziKvb, Kvjvg, Inx, gvmnvd, Avmgvwb wKZve, Kzdi, wkiK, wbdvK|
gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

1.1 cwiPq

Avj-KziAvb ( ) kãwU ÒKviDbÓ ( )avZz †_‡K G‡m‡Q| Gi A_© GKÎ Kiv, mwbœ‡ek
Kiv, Rgv Kiv| Avjøvgv hviKvbx e‡jb- KziAvb kãwU (Kviv'AvZzb) avZz †_‡K G‡m‡Q, hvi A_© Aa¨qb
Kiv I cvV Kiv|
gvIjvbv Avkivd Avjx _vbfx (i)- e‡jb, ÒAvj-KziAvb gnvb Avjøvni †mB cweÎ I m¤§vwbZ Kvjvg hv Zuvi c¶
n‡Z ivm~jyjøvn (m.)-Gi Dci AeZxY© n‡q‡Q hv ivm~jyjøvn (m) n‡Z Avgv‡`i wbKU avivevwnK eY©bvq †Kvbiƒc
m‡›`n-mskq e¨ZxZ †cuŠ‡Q‡Q|Ó
Avj-KziAvb gvbe iwPZ †Kvb MÖš’ bq| G MÖ‡š’i fve, fvlv, gg©-welqe¯‘ mewKQyB gnvb Avjøvni c¶ †_‡K bvwhj
n‡q‡Q| G‡Z gvbe RvwZi cvw_©e I ci‡jŠwKK Rxe‡bi hveZxq mgm¨vi mgvavb i‡q‡Q| c~e©eZx© mKj bex-
ivm~‡ji `vIqvZ I Zv‡`i cÖwZ AeZxY© Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei wk¶vi mvims‡¶c G MÖ‡š’ D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| KziAvb
bvwhj nIqvi ci c~e©eZx© mKj Avmgvwb wKZve iwnZ n‡q †M‡Q| myZivs GLb Avj-KziAvbB GKgvÎ ag©MÖš’ hv
gvbe RvwZi Kj¨vY I gyw³i c_ cÖ`k©K|
1.2 bvgKi‡Yi Zvrch©
Avj-KziAv‡bi A‡bK bvg Av‡Q| Gi cÖgvY KziAv‡b cvIqv hvq| me‡P‡q cÖwm× bvg `y'wU| Zv nj- Avj-
KziAvb ( ) I Avj-dziKvb ( )| KziAv‡bi bv‡gi A_© I Zvrch©mn GKwU ZvwjKv GLv‡b †`Iqv
n‡jvÑ
1. Avj-KziAvb (cwVZ MÖš’ ) cweÎ G wKZve cwVZ nIqvi Rb¨B bvwhj n‡q‡Q| wKqvgZ ch©šÍ Zv cwVZ
n‡ZB _vK‡e| AvR ch©šÍ me©Rbwew`Z I ¯^xK…Z mZ¨ n‡”Q c„w_ex‡Z GKgvÎ KziAvbB me‡P‡q †ewk cwVZ
MÖš’|
Bgvg ivwMe Bùvnvwb (i) KziAvb k‡ãi G bvgKi‡Yi Zvrch© we‡kølY cÖm‡½ e‡jb-
ÒAvmgvwb MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ we‡kl K‡i G wKZve‡KB KziAvb ejv n‡q‡Q G Rb¨ †h, Avm‡j G wKZv‡eB Ab¨vb¨
mKj Avmgvwb wKZv‡e ewY©Z Z_¨ I welqmg~n GK‡Î mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q| c~e©eZ©x Avmgvbx MÖš’mg~‡ni wk¶v
I mvims‡¶c G cweÎ MÖ‡š’ mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q| g~jZ we‡k¦i hveZxq Ávb-weÁv‡bi mgv‡ek N‡U‡Q G
wKZv‡e|Ó

BDwbU GK c„ôv-2
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

2. Avj-dziKvb (cv_©K¨Kvix) : dziKvb k‡ãi A_© cv_©K¨ I cÖ‡f`Kvix| Avj-dziKvb Cgvb I Kzdi, mZ¨ I
wg_¨v Ges wkiK I ZvInx‡`i g‡a¨ my¯úó cv_©K¨Kvix| G Kvi‡Y KziAvb‡K dziKvb ejv nq|
3. Avj-wKZve (gnvMÖš’) : wKZve A_© mwbœ‡ewkZ| KziAv‡b mKj welq mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q e‡j G‡K Avj-wKZve
ev gnvMÖš’ ejv nq|
4. Avj-whKi (¯§viK) : whKi A_© ¯§viK| G MÖ‡š’ wewfbœ Dc‡`k Ges c~e©eZx© RvwZmg~‡ni Ae¯’v D‡jøL Av‡Q
e‡j G‡K Avh-whKi ejv nq|
5. AvZ-Zvbhxj (bvwhjK…Z) : G MÖš’ gnvb Avjøvni c¶ n‡Z gvbeRvwZi wbKU bvwhj n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ G‡K
AvZ-Zvbhxj ejv nq|
6. Avj-Kvjvg (evYx) : Kvjvg k‡ãi A_© evYx hv AvK…ó K‡i| kªeYKvixi ü`q-gb‡K AvK…ó K‡i e‡j G‡K
Avj-Kvjvg ejv nq|
7. Avj-û`v (w`kv) : G bvgKi‡Yi KviY n‡”Q GUv mZ¨ c‡_i w`kvix|
8. Avb-b~i (Av‡jvKewZ©Kv) : KziAv‡bi gva¨‡g mZ¨-wg_¨v D™¢vwmZ nq, ZvB G‡K Avb-b~i ejv nq|
9. Avk&-wkdv (cÖwZ‡laK) : gvbevZ¥vi wewfbœ †ivM, †hgbÑ Kzdi-wkiK, wbdvK, g~L©Zv GgbwK ˆ`wnK †ivMI
Gi gva¨‡g Dckg nq| ZvB KziAvb‡K Avk-wkdv ejv nq|
10. Avj-wnKgv (weÁvbgqZv) : Avj-KziAv‡b Ávb-weÁv‡bi wbf©i‡hvM¨ Z_¨ I ZË¡ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ G‡K
Avj-wnKgvn ejv nq|
11. Avj-nvKxg (weÁvbgq MÖš’) : KziAv‡bi AvqvZmg~n Ávb-weÁv‡b cwic~Y©, ZvB G‡K Avj-nvKxg ejv nq|
12. Avj-nvej (iwk) : †h †jvK KziAvb‡K gReyZ K‡i AvuK‡o ai‡e †m Aek¨B RvbœvZ ev myc‡_i mÜvb cv‡e|
ZvB G‡K Avj-nvej ejv n‡q‡Q|
13. wmivZzj gy¯ÍvKxg (mij c_) : KziAv‡bi AbymiY Ki‡j mij I gyw³i c‡_ P‡j Rvbœv‡Z †cŠuQv hvq| G
Kvi‡Y Gi bgvKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q wmivZzj gw¯ÍvKxg||
14. Avj-gvmvbx (cybive„wË) : cÖvPxb gvbeRvwZi Kvwnbx cybivq G‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ G MÖ‡š’i bvg ivLv nq
Avj-gvmvbx|
15. Avj-gvRx` (gh©v`vc~Y©) : KziAvb AZxe gh©v`vc~Y© I gwngvwb¦Z MÖš’, ZvB G‡K Avj-gvRx` ejv nq|
16. gvmnvd (djK) : nhiZ Ave~ eKi (iv) me©cÖ_g KziAvb‡K MÖš’ve× K‡i Gi bvgKiY K‡ib gvmnvd|

mvims‡ÿc
Avj-KziAvb gnvb Avjøvni evYx| gvbeRvwZ‡K myc_ cÖ`‡k©‡bi Rb¨ Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv me©‡kl G Avmgvwb wKZve
bvwhj K‡ib| KziAvb e¨ZxZ Gi Av‡iv A‡bK bvg i‡q‡Q| cweÎ KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq I welqe¯‘i
e¨vcKZvi Rb¨ Ges wewfbœ ¸Y-ˆewk‡ó¨i Kvi‡Y Gi wewfbœ bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avm‡j KziAv‡bi g~j bvg Avj-
KziAvb Ges Aci bvg Avj-dziKvb| Ab¨vb¨ bvg n‡”Q ¸YevPK|

A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi) wkÿv_©xMY, Avj-KziAv‡bi bv‡gi GKwU ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘Z Kiæb|
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

BDwbU GK c„ôv-3
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1| KziAvb k‡ãi A_© Kx ?
(K) cvV Kiv (L) †`Lv
(M) †kvbv (N) wgjv‡bv
2| KziAv‡bi fvlv, A_©, gg© I fve mewKQzB
(K) Avjøvn I ivm~j (m)Gi (L) ivm~j (m)Gi
(M) Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi (N) wReivBj(Av.) Gi
3| b~i k‡ãi A_©-
(K) Av‡jv (L) mv`v
(M) cweÎ (N) AÜKvi
4| cweÎ KziAv‡bi cÖwm× `y‡Uv bvg Kx ?
(K) KziAvb I Kvjvg (L) KziAvb I dziKvb
(M) KziAvb I wKZve (N) KziAvb I gvRx`
5| ev‡qRx` mv‡ne cÖwZw`b KziAvb wZjvIqvZ K‡ib, wZjvIqvZ ïb‡Z cQ›` K‡ib, KziAvb cv‡Vi mgq
Pzc _v‡Kb| Zuvi G AvPiY Avj-KziAv‡bi †Kvb bv‡gi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© ?
(i) Avj-KziAvb (ii) Avj-dziKvb (iii) gvmnvd
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I iii (L) ii I iii
(M) iii (N) i, ii I iii

m„Rbkxj
DÏxcK
GK`v wkÿK wkÿv_©x‡`i KziAv‡bi bvgKiY eySv‡Z wM‡q e‡jb- c„w_exi K‡qKwU bvg Av‡Q †hgb emyÜiv,
awiÎx, Aewb aiYx| Z‡e G mK‡ji bv‡gi g‡a¨ c„w_ex I aiYx `yÕwU bvgB †ekx cwiwPZ| Ab¨ bvg¸wj
†ewk cwiwPZ bq| me©‡kl I me©‡kÖô Avmgvwb MÖ‡š’iI GKvwaK bvg i‡q‡Q| Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ bvg Qvwc‡q D³
MÖš’wU wek¦e¨vcx `yÕwU we‡kl bv‡g e¨vcK cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i‡Q| Avi Zv n‡jv- Avj-KziAvb I Avj-
dziKvb|
K. KziAvb Kx ? 1
L. A_©mn KziAv‡bi cuvPwU bvg wjLyb| 2
M. ÔAvmgvwb wKZv‡ei g‡a¨ Avj-KziAvb †kÖô wKZveÕ- cÖgvY Kiæb? 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K KziAvb bv‡gi Zvrch© we‡kølY Kiæb| 4

DËigvjv: 1| K 2| M 3| K 4| L 5| N

BDwbU GK c„ôv-4
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

cvV-2 : Avj-KziAv‡bi KvVv‡gvMZ welq


D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb


 Avj-KziAv‡bi m~iv I Avqv‡Zi msÁv ej‡Z cvi‡eb
 Avj-KziAv‡bi wewfbœ Z_¨wfwËK cwimsL¨vb w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

m~iv, AvqvZ, gv°x, gv`vbx, iæKz, cviv, gwÄj|


gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

2.1 m~ivi cwiPq


m~iv ( ) GKePb, Gi eûePb (myqviæb)| AvwfavwbK A_© n‡jv- `xN© I †mŠ›`h©gwÐZ,
D”PZi Ae¯’vb¯’j|
m~ivi cvwifvwlK msÁv:- Òm~iv n‡jv Avj-KziAv‡bi GKwU Askwe‡kl, hv wbw`©ó bv‡g bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi
me©wb¤œ cwigvY n‡jv wZb AvqvZ| †hgb- m~iv Avj-evKviv, m~iv Avj-BLjvm, m~iv Avj-KvImvi BZ¨vw`|
KziAv‡bi m~iv msL¨v 114wU|
2.2 Avqv‡Zi cwiPq

AvqvZ ( )GKePb, Gi eûePb ( )| Gi A_© wPý, wb`k©b, wk¶v, gyÔwRhv BZ¨vw`|


KziAvb gvRx‡`i evK¨mg~n‡K AvqvZ ejv nq, hv‡K we‡kl weivg wPý Øviv Aci evK¨ n‡Z c„_K Kiv n‡q‡Q|
2.3 KziAv‡bi Avqv‡Zi wefvM
KziAvb gvRx‡`i m~iv I AvqvZ¸‡jv bvwh‡ji w`K w`‡q `y'‡kÖwY‡Z wef³:
(K) gv°x : hv gnvbex (m)-Gi wnRiZ c~e© 13 eQ‡ii g°v Rxe‡b bvwhj n‡qwQj|
(L) gv`vbx : hv gnvbex (m)-Gi wnRi‡Zi ci 10 eQ‡ii gw`bvi Rxe‡b bvwhj n‡qwQj|
2.4 Avj-KziAv‡bi wewfbœ Z_¨wfwËK cwimsL¨vb
1. KziAvb gvRx‡` me©‡gvU m~iv msL¨v 114wU|
2. Avj-KziAv‡b gv°x m~iv 92wU|
3. Avj-KziAv‡b gv`vbx m~iv 22wU|
4. gv°x m~ivi AvqvZ msL¨v KviI g‡Z 4602wU Ges gv`vbx m~ivi AvqvZ msL¨v 1634wU G gZ Abyhvqx AvqvZ
msL¨v 6236wU|
5. m~iv Avj-evKviv Avj-KziAv‡bi me‡P‡q eo m~iv| G‡Z 40wU iæKz I 286wU AvqvZ Av‡Q| G m~ivi 282 bs
AvqvZwU KziAv‡bi me‡P‡q eo AvqvZ|
6. Avj-KziAv‡bi 108 bs m~iv Avj-KvDQvi KziAv‡bi ¶z`ªZg m~iv|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-5
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

7. c~Y© KziAvb hv‡Z gv‡m GKevi wZjvIqvZ (LZg) Kiv hvq †m Rb¨ KziAvb gvRx`‡K 30 Ryh& ev cvivq fvM
Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨K cviv Avevi 3/4, 1/4 I 1/2 Ask wn‡m‡e wef³|
8. mßv‡n GKevi hv‡Z KziAvb LZg Kiv hvq †mRb¨ mvZ gbwh‡j wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
9. KziAv‡b iæKzi msL¨v 540wU|
10. cweÎ KziAv‡b cuwPkRb bex I ivm~‡ji bvg D‡jøL Av‡Q|
11. m~iv Avj-Avjv‡Ki cÖ_g cuvP AvqvZ me©cÖ_g bvwhj nq|
12. KziAv‡bi me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z AvqvZ m~iv Avj-gvwq`vi 35Zg AvqvZ|

mvims‡ÿc
Avj-KziAvb gnvb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv bvwhjK…Z cweÎ MÖš’| G MÖ‡š’ ewY©Z wewa weavb †g‡b Pjvi gva¨‡g gvbeRvZx
BnKvjxb kvwšÍ I ciKvjxb gyw³ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i| KziAv‡b evK¨‡K AvqvZ Ges eo fvM‡K m~iv ejv nq| Avj-
KziAvb cvV Kivi myweav‡_© 30cviv I 7 gwćj fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡Z 114 wU m~iv Ges 6236 AvqvZ i‡q‡Q|

A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi) wkÿv_©xMY, Avj-KziAv‡bi wfwebœ cwimsL¨v‡bi GKwU PvU© ˆZwi Kiæb|
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1| m~iv k‡ãi A_© Kx ?
(K) gh©v`v (L) Ask we‡kl
(M) †kvbv (N) wb`k©b
2| KziAv‡b me©‡gvU KqwU m~iv i‡q‡Q ?
(K) 114 wU (L) 116 wU
(M) 118 wU (N) 120 wU
3| KziAvb †Kv_vq bvwhj nq ?
(K) ïay g°vq (L) ïay g`xbvq
(M) g°v I g`xbvq (N) Avie †`‡k
4| KziAv‡b AvnKvg m¤úwK©Z AvqvZ n‡”Q -
(K) 150 wU (L) 250 wU
(M) 350 wU (N) 500 wU
5| KziAv‡b KqwU gbwhj i‡q‡Q ?
(K) 07 wU (L) 15wU
(M) 30 wU (N) 50 wU

BDwbU GK c„ôv-6
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

6| gv°x m~ivi ˆewkó¨ nj GwU


i.AvKv‡i †QvU ii. `xN©vKvi nq iii. mswÿß nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
m„Rbkxj
DÏxcK,
Aa¨vcK RvgvjywÏb gvbRyi GK e³…Zvq e‡jb- †h †Kvb cÖwZôvb myôzf‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †Kvb bv †Kvb
bxwZgvjvi cª‡qvRb nq, hv‡K MvBW eyK MVbZš¿ ev mswewa ejv nq| e¨w³, cwievi,mgvR I ivóª
cwiPvjbvi Rb¨I GKwU cwic~Y© MvBWeyK i‡q‡Q| ZvB gvbyl hw` mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©B e¨w³, cwievi,mgvR I
ivóª cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î †mB MvBWeyKwU AbymiY K‡i Zvn‡j Zv Kj¨vYKi c_ †`Lv‡Z cv‡i|
K. m~iv Kx ? 1
L. Avj-KziAvb‡K b~i ejv nq †Kb ? 2
M. ÔAvj-KziAvb gvbe RvwZi wn`vqv‡Zi MvBW eyK ? e¨vL¨v Kiæb | 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Avj-KziAv‡bi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Kiæb| 4

DËigvjv:1| L 2| K 3| M 4| N 5| K 6| N

cvV-3 : Avj-KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq


D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb


 Avj-KziAv‡bi welqe¯‘ I Av‡jvP¨ wel‡qi weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb
 Av‡jvP¨ welqmg~‡ni †kÖwYwefvM eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

Bev`vZ, RvMwZK Kg©, gvbe RvwZ, Avjøvnfxiæ, gyw³i w`kvix, wn`vqvZ, ingZ,
Bjgyj AvnKvg, BjgyZ ZvhKxi, Bjgyj gyLvmvgv, gvDZ|
gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

3.1 Avj-KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq


gvbe Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq me wKQzB Avj-KziAv‡b ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| G mKj wel‡qi g‡a¨ wKQz welq
we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e D‡jøwLZ n‡q‡Q Avi wKQz welq ms‡ÿ‡c D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jvi †Kvb-†KvbwU wewfbœ RvMwZK
Kg© ZrciZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Ges †Kvb †KvbwU Bev`v‡Zi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|
Avj-KziAv‡bi †K›`ªxq Av‡jvP¨ welq gvbe RvwZ| KziAv‡bi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv gvbe RvwZ‡K Avjøvni †`Iqv Rxeb
e¨e¯’vi w`‡K c_ cÖ`k©b Kiv, hv‡Z gvbyl `ywbqvi Rxe‡b Kj¨vY jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges AvwLiv‡Z myLgq Rxe‡bi
AwaKix n‡Z cv‡i|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-7
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

KziAv‡bi cÖ_‡gB †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q


َ‫ذ َﻟِﻚَ ْاﻟ ِﻜﺘ َﺎبُ َﻻ َرﯾْﺐَ ﻓ ِﯿ ِﮫ ھُﺪًى ﻟِﻠْﻤُﺘ ﱠﻘِﯿﻦ‬
G †Zv †mB wKZve ; G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB, Avjøvnfxiæ †jvK‡`i Rb¨ G wKZve wb‡`©kKÓ (m~iv evKviv-2: 2)
gnvb Avjøvn e‡jb,
َ‫ﻟ َ ﻘ َﺪْ أ َ ﻧْﺰَ ْﻟﻨَﺎ إ ِﻟ َ ْﯿﻜُﻢْ ِﻛﺘ َﺎﺑ ًﺎ ﻓ ِﯿ ِﮫ ذِﻛْﺮُ ﻛُﻢْ أ َ ﻓ ََﻼ ﺗ َ ْﻌﻘِﻠ ُﻮن‬
ÒAvwg †Zv †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ wKZve bvwhj K‡iwQ hv‡Z †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ Dc‡`k i‡q‡Q; ZeyI wK †Zvgiv eyS‡e bv ?Ó
(m~iv Avw¤^qv-21 : 10)
Av‡iv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q-
‫ﱠﺎس إ ﱠِﻻ ﻛ ُﻔ ُﻮرً ا‬
ِ ‫آن ﻣِ ﻦْ ُﻛ ّﻞ ِ ﻣَ ﺜ َﻞٍ ﻓ َﺄ َ ﺑ َﻰ أ َﻛْﺜ َﺮُ اﻟﻨ‬
ِ ْ‫ﱠﺎس ﻓ ِﻲ ھَﺬ َا اﻟْﻘ ُﺮ‬
ِ ‫ﺻَﺮﱠ ﻓْ ﻨَﺎ ﻟِﻠﻨ‬
‫َﺪْ َوﻟ َﻘ‬
ÒAvi Aek¨B Avwg gvby‡li Rb¨ G KziAv‡b wewfbœ Dcgv wek`fv‡e eY©bv K‡iwQ; wKš‘ AwaKvsk gvbyl Kzdix Kiv
e¨ZxZ ÿvšÍ n‡jv bv|Ó (m~iv ebx BmivBj-17 :89)
Av‡iv ejv n‡q‡Q-
‫َﺎن‬
ِ ‫ت ﻣِ ﻦَ اﻟْﮭُ ﺪ َى َو ْاﻟﻔ ُﺮْ ﻗ‬
ٍ ‫ﱠﺎس َوﺑ َﯿّ ِ ﻨَﺎ‬
ِ ‫ﺷَﮭْﺮُ َرﻣَﻀَﺎنَ اﻟ ﱠ ﺬِي أ ُ ﻧ ِْﺰ َل ﻓ ِﯿ ِﮫ اﻟْﻘ ُﺮْ آ ُن ھُﺪًى ﻟِﻠﻨ‬
Òivgvhvb gvm, G‡Z gvby‡li w`kvix Ges mrc‡_i ¯úó wb`k©b mZ¨vm‡Z¨i cv_©K¨Kvixiƒ‡c KziAvb bvwhj
n‡q‡Q|Ó (m~iv evKviv- 2: 185)
gnvb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Av‡iv e‡jb-
َ‫إ ِنْ ھ َُﻮ إ ﱠِﻻ ذِﻛْﺮٌ ﻟِﻠْﻌ َﺎﻟ َﻤِ ﯿﻦ‬
ÒGUv †Zv wek¦RM‡Zi Rb¨ Dc‡`kgvÎ|Ó (m~iv AvbÔAvg-6:90)

َ‫َوﻧَﺰﱠ ْﻟﻨَﺎ ﻋَﻠ َﯿْﻚَ ْاﻟ ِﻜﺘ َﺎبَ ﺗ ِ ْﺒﯿ َﺎﻧ ًﺎ ِﻟ ُﻜ ّﻞ ِ ﺷ َْﻲءٍ َوھُﺪًى َورَ ﺣْ ﻤَﺔ ً َوﺑ ُﺸْﺮَ ى ﻟِﻠْﻤُ ْﺴﻠِﻤِ ﯿﻦ‬
ÒAvwg gymwjg‡`i Rb¨ cÖZ¨K welq my®úó e¨vL¨v ¯^iƒc, c_wb‡`©k, `qv I my msev`iƒ‡c †Zvgvi cÖwZ wKZve bvwhj
Kijvg|Ó (m~iv bvnj-16 : 89)
Gfv‡e Av‡iv ejv n‡q‡Q-
‫ﺻ َﺮاطِ اﻟْﻌ َِﺰ ِﯾﺰ اﻟْﺤَﻤِ ﯿ ِﺪ‬
ِ ‫ِذْن َرﺑّ ِﮭِ ﻢْ إ ِﻟ َﻰ‬
ِ ‫ﱡﻮر ﺑ ِﺈ‬
ِ ‫ت إ ِﻟ َﻰاﻟﻨ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻈﻠ ُﻤَ ﺎ‬
‫ﱠﺎس ﻣِ ﻦَ ﱡ‬
َ ‫ِﻛﺘ َﺎبٌ أ َ ﻧْﺰَ ْﻟﻨَﺎه ُ إ ِﻟ َﯿْﻚَ ِﻟﺘ ُﺨْ ِﺮجَ اﻟﻨ‬
ÒG wKZve, GUv †Zvgvi cÖwZ bvwhj K‡iwQ hv‡Z Zzwg gvbeRvwZ‡K Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wb‡`©kµ‡g AÜKvi †_‡K
Av‡jvi w`‡K †ei K‡i Avb‡Z cv‡iv, Zuvi c‡_ whwb civµgkvjx cÖksmbxqÓ (m~iv Beivnxg-14 : 1)
َ‫ُور َوھُﺪًى َو َرﺣْ ﻤَ ﺔ ٌ ﻟِﻠْﻤُﺆْ ﻣِ ﻨ ِﯿﻦ‬
ِ ‫ﺼﺪ‬
‫ﱠﺎس ﻗ َ ْﺪ ﺟَ ﺎ ءَﺗ ْﻜُﻢْ ﻣَ ْﻮﻋِﻈَﺔ ٌ ﻣِ ﻦْ َرﺑّ ِﻜُﻢْ َو ِﺷﻔ َﺎءٌ ﻟِﻤَ ﺎ ﻓ ِﻲ اﻟ ﱡ‬
ُ ‫ﯾ َﺎ أﯾ َﱡﮭَﺎ اﻟﻨ‬
Ò†n gvbe! †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU n‡Z G‡m‡Q Dc‡`k I †Zvgv‡`i AšÍ‡i hv Av‡Q Zvi
Av‡ivM¨ Ges wek¦evmx‡`i Rb¨ c_wb‡`©k I ingZÓ (m~iv BDbym- 10: 57)
g‡b ivLyb
Gme Avqv‡Z cweÎ KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq ev D‡Ïk¨ wK, Zv my®úófv‡e e‡j †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| hvi mvi K_v n‡jv-
 gvbe RvwZi DbœwZ I Kj¨vY mvab KivB †h‡nZz cweÎ KziAv‡bi g~j D‡Ïk¨ I cÖwZcv`¨ welq, ZvB gvbe
Rxe‡bi mKj wefvM wb‡qB cweÎ KziAv‡b Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| gvby‡li e¨w³ Rxeb Ges Ava¨vwZ¥KZvq
DrKl© mva‡bi Rb¨ hv wKQz cÖ‡qvRb, ag©-ms¯‹…wZ-ivRbxwZ, A_©bxwZ, mgvRbxwZ, gvbevwaKvi mgibxwZ,

BDwbU GK c„ôv-8
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

hy×-kvwšÍ, mwÜ, AvšÍR©vwZK m¤úK© BZ¨vw` hveZxq wel‡qi D‡jøL KziAv‡b Av‡Q| g~jZ Gme Av‡jvP¨
welq KziAv‡bi †K›`ªxq welqe¯‘i mv‡_ AZ¨šÍ wbweofv‡e RwoZ|
Avj-KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ wel‡qi †kÖwY wefvM
nhiZ kvn Iqvjx Djøvn †`njex (i) cweÎ KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welqmg~n‡K cÖavbZ cuvP fv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb-
1.Bjgyj AvnKvg ev msweavb msµvšÍ Ávb
cweÎ KziAv‡b Bev`Z-e‡›`Mx, cvi¯úwiK gyÔAvgvjvZ, AvPvi-e¨envi, `v¤úZ¨ Rxeb, mgvR, ivóª, A_©, hy×-mwÜ
cÖf…wZ gvbe Rxe‡bi hveZxq cÖ‡qvRb I welq msµvšÍ wewa-weavb I wb‡`©kvewj Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| dih, IqvwRe,
gy¯Ívnve, nvjvj-nvivg-gvKiƒn gyevn Ges hveZxq Av‡`k-wb‡la Gi AšÍf©y³|
2.Bjgyj gyLvmvgv ev ZK© kv¯¿
Bqvûw`, wLªóvb, Kvwdi-gykwiK I gybvwdK G Pvi †kÖwYi c_åó gvby‡li mv‡_ weZK© m¤úwK©Z Ávb| G ch©v‡q
Zv‡`i AvwK`v-wek¦vm Ges gZev‡`i åvšÍZv cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q| mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡`i åvšÍ I A‡hŠw³K gZv`‡k©i cÖwZ
Rbg‡b N„Yv RvMÖZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡`i Kzms¯‹vi I åvšÍ gZev‡`i AmviZv cÖwZcbœ Kiv n‡q‡Q| †m¸‡jvi Reve
`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
3.BjgyZ& ZvhKxi-we-AvÕjv Bjøvn ev ¯ªóvZË¡
wek¦ ¯ªóv I wbqšÍv wn‡m‡e gnvb Avjøvni cwiPq, AbyMÖn, Ae`vb Ges Ky`iZx wb`k©bvewj m¤úwK©Z Ávb| G QvovI
AvKvk I c„w_ex m„wó inm¨, ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b cÖvß ev›`vi AwfÁvb, m‡e©vcwi ¯ªóvi me©wea ¸Yvewji cwiPq m¤úwK©Z
Av‡jvPbv mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q|
4.BjgyZ& ZvhKxi-we-AvBq¨vwgjøvn ev m„wóZË¡
Avjøvni m„wóe¯‘i Ae¯’v msµvšÍ Ávb| G‡Z nK I evwZj, mZ¨ I wg_¨vi g‡a¨ AZxZ msNl© I †ilv-†iwli BwZnvm
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †mB mv‡_ nK I mZ¨wcÖqZvi ïf cwiYvg, wg_¨v I evwZ‡ji †kvPbxq cwiYwZ Ges wg_¨vi
Rb¨ mZK© I mveavb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
5.BjgyZ& ZvhKxi wej-gvDZ ev ciKvj msµvšÍ Ávb
cweÎ KziAv‡b m„wó†jv‡Ki jq, gvby‡li g„Zz¨, AÿgZv Ges g„Zz¨i ci AbšÍ Rxeb-RvbœvZ ev Rvnvbœv‡gi `„‡k¨i
cÖZ¨ÿ eY©bv i‡q‡Q| ingZ I Avhv‡ei †d‡ikZv‡`i Dcw¯’wZ, wKqvg‡Zi AvjvgZ, nhiZ Cmv (Av) -Gi
AeZiY, `v¾vj- BqvRyR-gvÕRy‡Ri Avwef©ve, Bmivwd‡ji wk½vq dy‡u Ki D‡jøL| nvki-bki, wnmve-wbKvk, cvc-
cy‡Y¨i Ávb, Avgjbvgv, gyÕwgbM‡Yi Avjøvni mv‡_ `x`vi BZ¨vw`i eY©bv| ZvQvov Avhve I kvw¯Íi bvbv iKg
fxwZcÖ` eY©bv| Rvbœv‡Zi bqbvwfivg `„k¨ I wbqvgZ ivwki weeiY| gvbe RvwZ‡K AvZ¥m‡PZb I m`v mZK© Kivi
Rb¨ Ges Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi `vmZ¡ I AvbyM‡Z¨i Rb¨ DrmvwnZ KivB Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨|

mvims‡ÿc
cweÎ gnvMÖš’ Avj-KziAv‡bi G AdzišÍ Ávb fvÐv‡i me wKQziB †gŠwjK eY©bv I Ávb Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q|
gvby‡li Kj¨vY-AKj¨v‡Yi hveZxq wel‡qi Ggb cwic~Y© eY©bv Avi †Kv_vI †bB| mswÿß cwim‡i KziAv‡bi
Av‡jvP¨ welq¸‡jvi GKwU ZvwjKv †`Iqv n‡jv:
(1) Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Aw¯ÍZ¡, (2) Avjøvni GKZ¡ev` Z_v ZvInx‡`i cÖgvY, (3) Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi c~Z-cweÎZv,
(4) A`„k¨ Ávb, (5) wkiK, (6) ZvKIqv, (7) wimvjvZ, (8) ivm~‡ji AbymiY (9) wRnv` ev Øxb cÖwZôvi
me©vZ¥K †Póv, (10) mvjvZ, (11) hvKvZ, (12) mvIg, (13) n¾, (14) Av`j-Bbmvd Z_v b¨vqwePvi, (15)
my`, (16) PwiÎ (17) A_©bxwZ, (18) gRwj‡mi wkóvPvi, (19) ivm~‡ji mv‡_ Av`e, (20) Ávb-weÁvb I
ÁvbvR©‡bi cÖwZ Drmvn`vb I Gi gh©v`v, (21) we‡eK-eyw×i PP©v, (22) `Ðwewa, (23) jyUZivR I WvKvwZi

BDwbU GK c„ôv-9
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

kvw¯Í, (24) Pzwii kvw¯Í, (25) Acev` †`Iqvi kvw¯Í, (26) whbv-e¨wfPvi I al©‡Yi kvw¯Í, (27) gvc ev Ih‡b
mwVKZv, (28) mrK‡g©i Av‡`k I Amr K‡g©i wb‡la, (29) Aci‡K mvnvh¨ Kiv, (30) Cgvb, (31)
gvbevwaKvi, (32) ZvKIqv AR©b, (33) `vb-m`Kv, (34) RvbœvZ, (35) Rvnvbœvg, (36) DËivwaKvix‡`i cÖwZ
m¤ú` eÈb cÖf…wZ|

ÒKziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq gvbeRvwZÓ G wel‡qi Dci GKwU †mwgbv‡ii


A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
Av‡qvRb Kiæb|
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1. Avj-KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq n‡”Q-
(K) RvbœvZ-Rvnvbœvg (L) gvbeRvwZ
(M) Avmgvwb wKZve (N) `ywbqvi myL-kvwšÍ
2. Avj-KziAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq Kqfv‡M wef³ ?
(K) 4 fv‡M (L) 3 fv‡M
(M) 5 fv‡M (N) 7fv‡M
3. Bjgyj AvnKvg k‡ãi A_© Kx ?
(K) wdKn msµvšÍ Ávb (L) msweavb msµvšÍ Ávb
(M) mgvR welqK Ávb (N) wkÿv msµvšÍ Ávb
4. Avj-KziAv‡bi AvqvZ msL¨v KZ ?
(K) 33 wU (L) 6236 wU
(M) 500 wU (N) 1000 wU
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK,
Avãyj Avwjg GKRb AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡bi e¨emvqx| wZwb Pxb Ges ivwkqvi mv‡_ e¨emvq-evwYR¨ K‡ib| eQ‡ii AwaKvsk
mgq D³ `yB †`‡kB KvUvb| wZwb Zvi †Q‡j-†g‡q‡K Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl iƒ‡c M‡o †Zvjvi Rb¨ ag©xq wkÿvq wkwÿZ bv K‡i
BD‡ivwcqvb ¯‹z‡j fwZ© Kivb| gva¨wgK wkÿv mgvß Kivi ci Zv‡`i‡K ivwkqvi ¯‹z‡j fwZ© Kivb| Zviv †m‡`‡ki K…wó-
KvjPvi I †jLv-cov iß K‡i KziAvb kixd bv covi Kvi‡Y KyiAv‡bi wKQzB Rv‡b bv| Zviv Avj-KziAvb‡K Avjøvni evYx
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z m‡›`n cÖKvk K‡i| Zviv g‡b K‡i, KziAv‡bi wkÿv gvby‡li Rb¨ `iKvi †bB| Avãyj Avwj‡gi †Q‡j-
†g‡qiv †`‡k Avmvi ci Zv‡`i AvPvi-AvPiY †`‡L GjvKvemvx ¯Íw¤¢Z n‡q c‡o| NUbvwU GjvKvi wewkó Avwjg gydwZ
mv`iæj Avwgb mv‡ne‡K Rvbv‡bv nq| gydwZ mv‡ne Zv‡`i‡K hyw³-cÖgvY w`‡q eySv‡bvi ci Zviv eyS‡Z mÿg nq †h, Avj-
KziAvb e¨ZxZ gvbeRvwZi †Kv‡bv Kj¨vY †bB| Zviv e‡j Avgv‡`i f‚j †f‡½‡Q; Avgiv KziAv‡bi c‡_ _vK‡ev Ges gvbyl‡K
G c‡_ WvK‡ev| wZwb GjvKvi wkwÿZ gvby‡li Rb¨ KziAvb wkÿvi e¨e¯’v K‡ib|
K. me©‡kl Avmgvwb MÖ‡š’i bvg Kx ? 1
M. Avj-KziAv‡bi wkÿK Ges wkÿv_©x †Kgb gvbyl ? 2
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Avãyj Avwj‡gi †Q‡j-†g‡q‡`i aviYv Kx h_v_© ? 3
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z gydwZ mv‡ne †h KvRwU K‡i‡Qb, Bmjv‡gi Av‡jv‡K Zv g~j¨qb Kiæb 4
DËigvjv: 1| L, 2| M, 3| L, 4| L

BDwbU GK c„ôv-10
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

cvV-4: Avj-KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb-


 Avj-KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
 Avj-KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨ g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wn`vqvZ, wKqvgZ, kixÔAvZ, wek¦ gvbeZv, wLjvdZ, Abykvmb, wPišÍb, cwic~Y©


Rxebe¨e¯’v|
gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

4.1. me©‡kl Avmgvwb wKZve


KziAvb wek¦ gvbeZvi cÖwZ gnvb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv bvwhjK…Z me©‡kªô I me©‡kl wKZve| Gici
wKqvgZ ch©šÍ Avi †Kvb Avmgvwb MÖš’ bvwhj n‡e bv| Gi Av‡M gvbe RvwZi wn`vqv‡Zi Rb¨ ZvIivZ, hveyi,
BbRxj bvgK Av‡iv eo wZbwU Avmgvwb wKZve Ges 100wU mwndv wewfbœ bex-ivm~‡ji Dci bvwhj n‡qwQj|
eZ©gv‡bi ZvIivZ, hveyi I BbwRj Avmj wKZve bq| Avmj wKZve wewfbœ fvlvq iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q
G‡m †cŠuu‡Q‡Q| wewfbœ wech©q Ges Bqvûw`-wLªóvb cv`ªx‡`i nv‡Z Hme MÖ‡š’i Inxi Avmj fvlv wejyß n‡q †M‡Q
Ges GmKj MÖ‡š’ wKQz mswgkÖY n‡q‡Q| wKqvgZ ch©šÍ gvbe RvwZ‡K Avj-KziAvbB c_wb‡`©k Ki‡e|
4.2 wPišÍb MÖš’
AZxZ hy‡Mi mKj Avmgvwb MÖš’B wQj wbw`©ó †Kvb RvwZ ev †fŠ‡MvwjK mxgv‡iLv †ewóZ Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ Ges
wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ wn`vqv‡Zi Drm| wKšÍz KziAvb gvRx` †Kvb wbw`©ó RvwZ, †Mvôx, m¤úª`vq, †`k ev Kvj‡K
†K›`ª K‡i bvwhj nqwb| eis GUv me©Kv‡ji mgMÖ wek¦gvbeZvi Rb¨ wn`vqv‡Zi evYx wb‡q AeZxY© n‡q‡Q| GUv
wPišÍb I wek¦Rbxb MÖš’|
4.3 cwic~Y© Rxeb e¨e¯’v
KziAvb Bmjvwg Rxebe¨e¯’v Z_v kixAv‡Zi g~jbxwZ I Abykvm‡bi Drm| KziAv‡bi DciB Bmjv‡gi m¤ú~Y©
AeKvVv‡gv cÖwZwôZ| Avjøvn gvbyl‡K Zuvi wLjvdZ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ c„w_ex‡Z cvwV‡q‡Qb| gnvMÖš’ Avj-KziAvb‡K
cwic~Y© Rxebe¨e¯’v iƒ‡c bvwhj Kiv n‡q‡Q| hyM cwiµgvq gvbeRvwZ †h mKj mgm¨vi m¤§ywLb n‡e Zvi mgvavb I
gvbeRvwZi cÖ‡qvRbxq mKj welq m¤ú‡K© wb‡`©kbv i‡q‡Q Avj-KziAv‡b| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb-
‫ﺿﯿﺖُ ﻟ َﻜُﻢُ ْاﻹ ِ ﺳ َْﻼ َم دِﯾﻨ ًﺎ‬
ِ ‫ْاﻟﯿ َْﻮ َم أ َﻛْﻤَ ﻠْﺖُ ﻟ َﻜُﻢْ دِﯾﻨَﻜُﻢْ َوأ َﺗ ْﻤَ ﻤْ ﺖُ ﻋَﻠ َ ْﯿﻜُﻢْ ﻧ ِﻌْﻤَ ﺘ ِﻲ َو َر‬
ÒAvR Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ Øxb‡K c~Y©v½ K‡i w`jvg I †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ Avgvi AbyMÖn m¤ú~Y© Kijvg Ges Bmjvg‡K
†Zvgv‡`i Øxb g‡bvbxZ KijvgÓ| (m~iv gvwq`v- 5 : 3)
4.4 P~ovšÍ `wjj
Bmjvwg Ávb-weÁvb I Bmjv‡gi bxwZ Ges AvBb-Kvbyb msµvšÍ †h †Kvb Av‡jvPbvq KziAvbB P~ovšÍ `wjj wn‡m‡e
M„nxZ| G‡ZB gvbe RvwZi BnKvjxb I ciKvjxb Rxe‡bi hveZxq welq I NUbvewji weeiY i‡q‡Q|
‫ﱠﺎس ﻗ َ ْﺪ ﺟَﺎءَ ﻛُﻢْ ﺑ ُﺮْ ھَﺎنٌ ﻣِ ﻦْ َرﺑّ ِﻜُﻢْ َوأ َ ﻧْﺰَ ْﻟﻨَﺎ إ ِﻟ َ ْﯿﻜُﻢْ ﻧ ُﻮرً ا ﻣُﺒ ِﯿﻨ ًﺎ‬
ُ ‫ﯾ َﺎ أ َ ﯾﱡﮭَﺎ اﻟﻨ‬

BDwbU GK c„ôv-11
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

Ò†n gvbe RvwZ! †Zvgv‡`i cÖfzi c¶ †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i wbKU cÖgvY G‡m‡Q Ges Avwg †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ ¯úó †R¨vwZ
bvwhj K‡iwQ|Ó (m~iv Avb-wbmv-4 : 174)
4.5 mKj Avmgvwb Mª‡š’i mvims‡¶c
KziAvb c~e©eZx© bex-ivm~jM‡Yi Dci bvwhjK…Z mKj Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei mvims‡¶c| Avj-KziAvb Ab¨ mKj
ag©M‡Ö š’i Kvh©KvwiZv iwnZ K‡i w`‡q gvbeRvwZ‡K mwVK c‡_i mÜvb w`‡q Pj‡Q hyM-hyM a‡i Ges Gi Av‡e`b
_vK‡e wKqvgZ ch©šÍ|
4.6 P¨v‡j‡Äi †gvKvwejvq DËxY© MÖš’
wKQy †jvK wb‡R‡`i Kzms¯‹vi I AÁZvi Kvi‡Y Avj-KziAvb‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ G‡K gvby‡li iPbv e‡j
Acev` iUbv K‡i| G‡K KweZv, hv`y K_v BZ¨vw` e‡j Dcnvm K‡i| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i‡K Ges AbvMZ Kvj
ch©šÍ hv‡`i g‡b Ggb aviYv Rb¥ †`‡e Zv‡`i j¶ K‡i P¨v‡jÄ Qz‡o e‡jb, GUv hw` mwZ¨B †Kvb gvby‡li iPbv
n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j †Zvgiv Abyiƒc evK¨ iPbv K‡i †`LvI| KziAv‡bi GUv GKwU eo gywRhv I ˆewkó¨ †h, †Kvb
gvbylB cÖvPxb Kvj †_‡K AvR ch©šÍ KziAv‡bi Abyiƒc evK¨ iPbv Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| wKqvgZ ch©šÍ †Kvb gvbyl ev wRb
Zv cvi‡eI bv| mgMÖ wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q KziAv‡bi G P¨v‡jÄ weMZ †`o nvRvi eQi a‡i Qy‡o †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| hy‡M
hy‡M eû gvbyl we‡kl K‡i Bmjvg we‡ivax gnj GgbwK Bqvûw` wLªóvb RMr G weÁv‡bi hy‡MI †Póv Pvwj‡q
hv‡”Q, wKšÍz G wPišÍb P¨v‡j‡Äi †gvKvwejvq †KD mdj nqwb| KziAvb we‡ivax kw³ me©vZ¥K †Póv K‡iI e¨_© n‡q
AvbZ wk‡i ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡R‡`i AcviMZv cÖKvk K‡i ej‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q-

ÒGUv †Kvb gvby‡li evYx bq|Ó

4.7 AZxe wbfz©j MÖš’


c~e©eZx© D¤§ZMY Zv‡`i cÖwZ †cÖwiZ Avmgvwb MÖš’ Ges Zv‡`i bexi wk¶v wb‡R‡`i myweavgZ cwieZ©b, cwiea©b I
ms‡hvRb-we‡qvRb K‡i| KziAvb GKgvÎ MÖš’, hv hveZxq weK…wZ †_‡K m¤ú~Y© gy³| KziAvb ej‡QÑ
َ‫ذ َﻟِﻚَ ْاﻟ ِﻜﺘ َﺎبُ َﻻ َرﯾْﺐَ ﻓ ِﯿ ِﮫ ُھﺪًى ﻟِﻠْﻤُﺘ ﱠﻘِﯿﻦ‬
ÒG‡Zv †mB wKZve; G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB, Avjøvnfxiæ †jvK‡`i Rb¨ G wKZve wb‡`©kK|Ó (m~iv Avj-evKviv 2:2)
4.8 KziAv‡bi fvlv I ¸YMZ gvb
Avj-KziAvb AZzjbxq GK MÖš’| Avj-KziAv‡bi fve-fvlv, AjsKvi, Dcgv, Q›`, iPbv‰kjx, welqe¯Ízi e¨vcKZv,
ev‡K¨i Abycg web¨vm, kvwãK †`¨vZbv me wg‡jB GK Afvebxq mvwnZ¨| GRb¨ G MÖš’ gnvbex (m)-Gi wPišÍb
gyÔwRhvc~Y© GK AcÖwZØ›`¡x MÖš’|
4.9 welqe¯Ízi e¨vcKZv
Avj-KziAvb msw¶ß n‡jI Gi e³e¨ I welqe¯Ízi e¨vcKZv myMfxi| KziAv‡bi G †QvU cwim‡i jywK‡q i‡q‡Q
mvM‡ii wekvjZv| cÖwZwU kã-evK¨ I e³e¨ GZB e¨vcK †h, Zvi e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY Ki‡Z mnmª mnmª c„ôv m¤^wjZ
Zvdmxi MÖ‡š’i m„wó n‡q‡Q|

4.10 Rxeb mgm¨vi mgvavb


G MÖ‡š’ e¨w³MZ, cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK, Ava¨vwZ¥K, mvs¯‹…wZK, A_©‰bwZK, K‚U‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK, AvšÍR©vwZK,
Av`vjZmn me©¯Í‡i †ck K‡i‡Q wbLuyZ I kvk¦Z kvwšÍi my¯úó mgvavb|
Avj-KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨ m¤ú‡K© gnvbex (m) Gi wb¤œewY©Z nvw`mwU cÖwbavb‡hvM¨-

BDwbU GK c„ôv-12
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

ÒAvj-KziAvb Avjøvni iwk, Avjøvni AZz¨¾¡j b~i I Ae¨_© g‡nŠla| †h e¨w³ gvheyZfv‡e KziAvb‡K AvuK‡o ai‡e,
†m cv‡e gyw³i Av‡e-nvqvZ Ges †m KL‡bv aŸsm n‡e bv|Ó (evqnvKx)

mvims‡ÿc
Avj-KziAvb wek¦gvbeZvi cÖwZ gnvb Avjøvni me©‡kÖô wbqvgZ Ges wKqvgZ ch©šÍ gvbe RvwZi c_-wb‡`©kK|
GwU bvwhj nIqvi ci c~e©eZ©x mKj Avmgvbx wKZv‡ei wkÿv I wewa-weavb iwnZ n‡q †M‡Q| GwU wPišÍb I
wek¦Rbxb MÖš’ I Bmjvgx Rxeb e¨e¯’vi cÖavb Drm| gnvb Avjøvn Avj-KziAvb‡K gvbe RvwZi cwic~Y©
Rxebe¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e bvwhj K‡i‡Qb| GwU gvbe RvwZi BnKvjxb-ciKvjxb Rxe‡bi GKgvÎ c_wb‡`©kK| Avj-
KziAvb mKj Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei mvims‡ÿc Ges mKj P¨v‡j‡Äi gyKvwejvq DËxY© MÖš’| GwU Ggb GK MÖš’, hv
hveZxq weK…wZ †_‡K gy³ GK wbfz©j MÖš’| Avj-KziAvb fve, fvlv, AjsKvi, Dcgv, Q›`, iPbv‰kjx, welqe¯‘i
e¨vcKZv, ev‡K¨i Abycg web¨vm me wg‡jB GK Afvebxq mvwnZ¨| G MÖš’ gnvbex (m) Gi wPišÍb gyÔwRhv Ges
GK AcÖwZ×›Øx MÖš’|

wkÿv_©xMY mevB wg‡j ÔAvj-KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨Õ kxl©K GKwU †mwgbv‡ii Av‡qvRb


A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
Kiæb|
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1 †Kvb MÖš’ gvbe RvwZi Rb¨ GKgvÎ c_cÖ`k©K ?
(K) Avj-KziAvb (L) ZvIivZ
(M) hveyi (N) BbwRj
2. †Kvb MÖ‡š’i iPbv‰kjx I welqe¯‘ Ab¨vb¨ MÖš’ †_‡K ¯^Zš¿ ?
(K) ZvIivZ (L) Avj-KziAvb
(M) hveyi (N) BbwRj
3. we‡k¦i me©Rbxb, me©Kvjxb I wPišÍb MÖš’ †KvbwU ?
(K) Avj-KziAvb (L) mnxn eyLvix
(M) †e` (N) evB‡ej
4. mKj Avmgvwb MÖ‡š’i mvi-ms‡ÿc †Kv_vq i‡q‡Q ?
(K) Avj-KziAv‡b (L) ZvIiv‡Z
(M) hvey‡i (N) BbwR‡j
5. Avj-KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q -
i.me©‡kl Avmgvwb wKZve ii. wPišÍb MÖš’
iii. cwic~Y© Rxebe¨e¯’v
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii

BDwbU GK c„ôv-13
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co–b Ges 6 I 7 bs cÖ‡kœ DËi w`b-


Bgvg mv‡ne LyZev w`‡Z wM‡q e‡jb- wcZv-gvZvi DwPZ †Q‡j-†g‡q‡`i †QvU †ejv †_‡KB KziAvb wkÿv
†`qv| KziAv‡bi wkÿv‡K wZwb cwic~Y© Rxebe¨¯’v wn‡m‡e hyw³c~Y© e³e¨ Zz‡j a‡ib| gymwjøe„›` Zvi e³e¨
ï‡b gy» nb|
6| Bgvg mv‡n‡ei e³‡e¨ KziAv‡bi †Kvb ˆewkô¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q ?
(K) c~Y©v½Zv (L) Am¤ú~Y©Zv
(M) AvÂwjKZv (N) mskqnxbZv
7| KziAvb †kLvi gva¨‡g †Q‡j-†g‡qiv Rvb‡Z cvi‡e-
i.me©‡kÖô Avmgvwb wKZve ii. wPišÍb MÖš’
iii. welqe¯‘i e¨vcKZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK-1
cÖwZwU wRwb‡miB wbR¯^ GKwU ˆewkó¨ i‡q‡Q| ˆewk‡ó¨i Kvi‡YB GK gvbyl Ab¨ gvbyl †_‡K Avjv`v|
†Zgwb Avmgvwb wKZv‡eiI ˆewkó¨ i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ KziAvb Ggb GKwU Avmgvwb wKZve, hv Ab¨vb¨ mKj MÖš’
†_‡K Avjv`v| Gi fve-fvlv me wKQz Avjøvni| Avj-KziAvb ¯^gwngvq gwngvwš^Z, Gi †Kvb Zzjbv nq bv|
K. Avmgvwb wKZve Kx ? 1
L. Ôbv, GUv †Kvb gvby‡li evYx bqÕ-gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv Zz‡j aiæb| 2
M. Avmgvwb wKZve KqwU I wK wK ? 3
N. †Kvb ˆewk‡ó¨i Kvi‡Y Avj-KziAvb Ab¨vb¨ Avmgvwb MÖš’ †_‡K Avjv`v ? we‡kølY Kiæb| 4
DÏxcK-2
widvZ Ges ivwRe `yB fvB| Zviv cÖwZw`b gmwR‡` wM‡q Rvgv‡Zi mv‡_ mvjvZ Av`vq K‡i Ges cÖwZw`b
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ K‡i| widvZ KziAv‡bi Abyev` c‡o‡Q Ges KziAv‡bi BwZnvm m¤^‡Ü e¨vcK Ávb AR©b
K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ ivwRe Zv K‡i wb| widvZ ivwRe‡K KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨ m¤ú‡K© ej‡j ivwRe Zvi AÁZv I
e¨_©Zv eyS‡Z cv‡i| widvZ ivwRe‡K e‡j †h, Avj-KziAvb wPišÍb I kvk¦Z MÖš’| Ávb-weÁv‡bi g~j Drm
Ges wbf©yj MÖš’| m~Zivs mK‡ji KziAvb msµvšÍ Ávb AR©b Kiv Riæwi|
K. Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei msL¨v KqwU ? 1
L. ÔAvj-KziAvb GKwU k¦vk¦Z MÖš’Õ e¨vL¨v Kiæb 2
M. Avj-KziAvb Bmjvgx Rxeb e¨e¯’vi P~ovšÍ `wjj cÖgvY mn wjLyb 3
N. ÔAvj-KziAvb AZxe wbf©yj MÖš’Õ widv‡Zi mv‡_ Kx Avcwb GKgZ ? hyw³ cÖ`vb Kiæb 4

DËigvjv: 1| K 2| L 3| K 4| K 5| N 6| K 7| N

BDwbU GK c„ôv-14
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

cvV-5: Avj-KziAv‡bi AeZiY


D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb


 KziAvb AeZi‡Yi weeiY Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb;
 KziAvb bvwh‡ji mgq I ¯’vb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡eb;
 me©cÖ_g KziAvb bvwh‡ji BwZe„‡Ëi eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

jvI‡n gvndyh, evqZzj B¾Z, Avi‡k Avhxg, evqZzj gvgyi, Inx,


gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

KziAv‡bi AeZiY
gnvb Avjøvn gvby‡li wn`vqv‡Zi Rb¨ Zuvi g‡bvbxZ me©‡kl bex I ivm~j nhiZ gynv¤§v` (m)-Gi cÖwZ
Avj-KziAvb bvwhj K‡ib| cÖ‡qvR‡bi †cÖwÿ‡Z bex Rxe‡bi my`xN© 23 eQi e¨vcx Zv bvwhj n‡qwQj| GwU jvI‡n
gvndz‡h myiw¶Z wQj|
KziAvb gvRx` ÒjvI‡n gvndyhÓ †_‡K gnvbexi (m) Kv‡Q `yB c‡e© bvwhj nq|
1. jvI‡n gvndzh †_‡K evqZzj Bh&hv‡Z
jvI‡n gvndy‡h Avj-KziAvb iwÿZ wQj| †mLvb †_‡K cwic~Y© KziAvb GKB mv‡_ ighvb gv‡mi K`i iv‡Z c„w_ex
msjMœ evqZzj Bh&hv‡Z bvwhj nq| gnvb Avjøvn e‡jbÑ

Òivgvhvb gvm, hv‡Z KziAvb bvwhj Kiv n‡q‡Q|Ó (m~iv evKviv 2: 185)

Òwbðq Avwg K`i iv‡Z KziAvb‡K bvwhj K‡iwQ| (m~iv K`i 97 : 1)


gnvbex (m) e‡jb : ÒjvI‡n gvndzh n‡Z KziAvb‡K c„w_exi AvKv‡k evqZzj Bh&hv‡Z ivLv nq| Zvici
wReivCj (Av) µgk Zv Avgvi cÖwZ bvwhj Ki‡Z _v‡Kb|Ó (evqnvKx)
2. evqZzj Bh&hvZ n‡Z gnvbexi (m) cÖwZ
Gi ci evqZzj BhhvZ †_‡K gnvbexi (m) cÖwZ Avjøvni wb‡`©‡k †d‡ikZv wReivC‡ji (Av) gva¨‡g cÖZ¨¶
Inx‡hv‡M KziAvb bvwhj n‡Z _v‡K| Zv GKmv‡_ bvwhj nqwb; eis cÖ‡qvR‡bi Av‡jv‡K KziAv‡bi †Kvb †Kvb
AvqvZ I LÐ LÐ m~iv avivevwnKfv‡e †ZBk eQi Kvje¨vcx bvwhj nq|
gnvb Avjøvn e‡jbÑ

ÒAvwg KziAvb bvwhj K‡iwQ LÐ LÐfv‡e hv‡Z Zzwg Zv gvby‡li wbKU cvV Ki‡Z cvi µ‡g µ‡g Ges Zv µgk
bvwhj K‡iwQ |Ó (m~iv ebx BmivBj 17: 106)

BDwbU GK c„ôv-15
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

mgq I ¯’vb
609 wLªóv‡ã gnvbex (m)-Gi 40 eQi eq‡m ivgvhvb gv‡mi K`‡ii iv‡Z †niv ¸nvq m~iv Avjv‡Ki cÖ_g cuvP
AvqvZ bvwhj nq|
KziAvb bvwh‡ji BwZe„Ë
cweÎ KziAvb Inx wn‡m‡e AeZx‡Y©i m~Pbv m¤ú‡K© mnxn eyLvix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q| D¤§yj gywgbxb nhiZ Avwqkv (iv)
eY©bv K‡ib-
Ògnvbexi (m) cÖwZ mZ¨ ¯^‡cœi gva¨‡g Inx bvwh‡ji m~Pbv n‡qwQj| AZtci Zuvi g‡a¨ wbR©‡b Bev`vZ Kivi AvMÖn
m„wó nq| ZLb wZwb †niv ce©‡Zi GKwU ¸nvq ivZ w`b Bev`v‡Z gMœ _vK‡Zb| GgZve¯’vq GK iv‡Z nhiZ
wReivC‡ji (Av) gva¨‡g Zuvi wbKU me©cÖ_g m~iv Avjv‡Ki cÖ_g cuvP AvqvZ bvwhj nq| wReivCj (Av) gnvbexi
(m) wbKU G‡m ej‡jb, co–b! wZwb ej‡jb- Avwg co‡Z cvwi bv| wZwb e‡jb, ZLb wReivCj (Av) Avgv‡K
†P‡c ai‡jb, Zvici †Q‡o w`‡q Avevi ej‡jb: coyb| Avwg Avevi ejjvg Avwg co‡Z cvwi bv| wZwb cybivq
Avgv‡K †P‡c a‡i †Q‡o w`‡q e‡jb, co–b| Avwg ejjvg Avwg cvwibv| ivm~jyjøvn (m) e‡jb, †d‡ikZv cybivq
Avgv‡K a‡i †Rv‡i †KvjvKzwj Kivq, Avgvi fxlY Kó n‡jv| Gevi wZwb Avgv‡K †Q‡o w`‡q e‡jb,
. ُ‫َﻛْرم‬
َ ‫اﻻ ﻧْﺳَ ﺎنَ ﻣِ نْ ﻋَﻠ َﻖٍ ـ ا َِﻗْرا َو َرﺑﱡكَ ْاﻻ‬
ِ ْ َ‫ا َِﻗْرا ﺑ ِﺎﺳْمِ َرﺑ ِ ّكَ اﻟ ﱠ ذِىْ ﺧَﻠ َﻖَ ـ ﺧَﻠ َﻖ‬
co–b Avcbvi cÖfzi bv‡g, whwb gvbyl‡K RgvU evav i³ n‡Z m„wó K‡i‡Qb, co–b, Avi Avcbvi cÖfz gwngvwš^Z
(eyLvix)

†niv ce©‡Zi ¸nv


Gici gnvbex (m) Kw¤úZ ü`‡q N‡i wd‡i we¯ÍvwiZ NUbv ¯¿x Lv`xRv (iv)-†K ej‡jb| Lv`xRv (iv) mewKQy ï‡b
Zuv‡K mvšÍ¡bv w`‡q ¯^xq PvPv‡Zv fvB ag© we‡klÁ IqvivKv Be‡b bI‡dj- Gi wbKU wb‡q hvb| ÔIqvivKv' mewKQy
ï‡b ej‡jb- fq †bB, g~mvi (Av) Kv‡Q Avjøvn †h bvgym‡K cvwV‡q‡Qb, G †mB bvgym (A_©vr nhiZ wReivCj
†d‡ikZv)| AvcwbB cÖwZkÖæZ †kl bex| Avwg †eu‡P _vK‡j Avcbvi me©vZ¥K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡ev| IqvivKvi K_vq
bex Kixg (m) I Lv`xRv (iv) Avk¦¯Í n‡jb|
Inx weiwZ ce©
Gici wZb eQ‡ii g‡a¨ Avi †Kvb Inx bvwhj nqwb| wZb eQi ev Kv‡iv g‡Z AvovB eQi ci Avevi Inx AeZxY©
ïiæ nq| Gfv‡e my`xN© †ZBk eQ‡i cwic~Y© KziAvb bvwhj m¤úbœ nq| Inx weiwZ Kvj‡K dvZivZ (‫ )ﻓﺗرت‬ejv
nq| `xN©Kvj a‡i Inx bvwhj nw”Qj bv| GgZve¯’vq wcÖq bex (m.) g‡b Inxi evnK wReivCj (Av)-†K Avevi
†`Lvi AvMÖn RvMÖZ nq| wKQy Kvj Inx Avmv eÜ _vK‡j gnvbex (m) wPšÍvhy³ n‡q co‡jb| wZwb KLbI KLbI
cvnv‡oi P~ovq Av‡ivnY K‡i AvKv‡ki w`‡K ZvKv‡Zb GRb¨ †h, †Kv_vI wReivCj (Av) †K †`L‡Z cv‡eb A_ev

BDwbU GK c„ôv-16
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

†Kvb cÖKvi AvIqvR ïb‡Z cv‡eb| GKw`b Ggb NUbv N‡U, wZwb cvnv‡oi P~ovq Av‡ivnY Ki‡jb Avi wReivCj
(Av) Zuvi mvg‡b G‡m ej‡jbÑ

Ò†n gynv¤§v`! Avcwb mwZ¨B Avjøvni ivm~j|Ó (mnxn eyLvix)


G K_v ï‡b gnvbex (m)-Gi gb kvšÍ nq Ges wZwb wd‡i G‡jb| Gi wKQy w`b ci Avevi wZwb †niv ce©‡Zi Kv‡Q
wM‡q †`L‡Z cvb nhiZ wReivCj (Av) Avmgvb I Rwg‡bi ga¨eZx© ¯’v‡b GKwU Avm‡b e‡m Av‡Qb| gnvbex (m)
Zuv‡K H Ae¯’vq †`‡L wbR M„‡n wd‡i Av‡mb Ges ej‡jb-
ÔK¤^j w`‡q Avgv‡K Av”Qvw`Z K‡i `vI|Õ G mgq m~iv gyÏvwQ&Q‡ii cÖ_g AvqvZ¸‡jv bvwhj nq|

Ò†n e¯¿v”Qvw`Z! DVzb, Avi mZK© Kiæb Ges Avcbvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki †kªôZ¡ †NvlYv Kiæb|Ó (m~iv gyÏvwQ&Qi 74 : 1-3)
Gici †_‡K wbqwgZfv‡e Inx bvwhj n‡Z _v‡K| gnvbex (m)-Gi Rxe‡bi †kl w`b ch©šÍ Zv Ae¨vnZ _v‡K|
me©‡kl Inx
cweÎ KziAvb I Bmjv‡gi c~Y©v½Zvi †NvlYv w`‡q we`vq n‡Ri mgq Avjøvn ZvAvjv me©‡kl AeZxY© K‡ib-

ÒAvR Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i Øxb c~Y©v½ K‡i w`jvg I †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ Avgvi AbyMÖn m¤ú~Y© Kijvg
Ges Bmjvg‡K †Zvgv‡`i Øxb g‡bvbxZ Kijvg|Ó (m~iv gvwq`v 5: 3)
e¯‘Z gnvb Avjøvn wReivBj (Av.) Gi gva¨‡g gnvbex (m) -Gi cÖwZ Avj-KziAvb bvwhj K‡ib|

mvims‡ÿc
Avj-KziAvb gnvb Avjøvni evYx| GwU jvI‡n gvndz‡h myiwÿZ MÖš’, hv gnvbex nhiZ gynv¤§v` (m) -Gi bex
Rxe‡bi my`xN© 23 eQ‡i bvwhj nq| 609 wLªóv‡ã gnvbex (m) -Gi emq hLb 40 eQi c~Y© nq ZLb ighvb
g‡mi K`i iv‡Z m~iv Avjv‡Ki cuvPwU AvqvZ bvwhj nq| Gfv‡e KziAvb bvwh‡ji aviv ïiæ nq|

wkÿv_©xMY, KziAvb bvwh‡ji NUbv¸‡jv mevB wg‡j Mí AvKv‡i ejyb|


A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1| Avj-KziAvb bvwhj m~Pbv nq †Kvb L„óv‡ã ?
(K) 409 wLªóv‡ã (L) 509 wLªóv‡ã
(M) 609 wLªóv‡ã (N) 709 wLªóv‡ã
2| KZ eQie¨vcx KziAvb bvwhj nq ?
(K) 40 eQi (L) 50 eQi
(M) 23 eQi (N) 70 eQi

BDwbU GK c„ôv-17
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

3| KziAvb †Kv_vq bvwhj nq ?


(K) mvdv cvnv‡o (L) †niv cvnv‡o
(M) wngvjq cvnv‡o (N) g`xbvi ¸nvq
4| me©‡k‡l bvwhjK…Z AvqvZwU †Kvb m~ivi Ask ?
(K) m~iv dvwZnv (L) m~iv evKviv
(M) m~iv gvwq`v (N) m~iv bvev
5.KziAvb gvRx` gnvbex (m)-Gi Dci Kxfv‡e AeZxY© nq ?
i.jvI‡n gvndzh n‡Z evqZzj Bh&hv‡Z ii. evqZzj Bh&hvZ n‡Z gnvbexi (m)-Gi cÖwZ
iii. jvI‡n gvndzh n‡Z gnvbexi (m)-Gi cÖwZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
6. me©cÖ_g KziAvb gvRx‡`i †Kvb m~iv AeZxY© nq ?
i.m~iv Avjv‡Ki cÖ_g cuvP AvqvZ ii. m~iv evKvivi cÖ_g cuvP AvqvZ
iii. m~iv Zx‡bi cÖ_g cuvP AvqvZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii

m„Rbkxj
DÏxcK,
Bd‡ZLvi nvmvb wek¦we`¨vj‡q †jLvcov K‡i| †m ag©xq g~j¨‡ev‡a wek¦vmx bq| gvbyl Avjøvni m„wó, Avj-
KziAvb Avjøvni Kvjvg- G K_vq †m wek¦vm K‡i bv| Zvi wcZv Zv‡K wb‡q mvivÿY wPšÍv K‡ib †h, GB
eywS Avgvi †Q‡j c_åô n‡q hv‡”Q| wZwb gv‡S gv‡S Zv‡K †gvevB‡j A‡bK Dc‡`k †`b| cÖwZw`b
KziAvb cvV Ki‡Z e‡jb, KziAvb bvwh‡ji BwZnvm e‡jb| Bd‡ZLvi nvmvb GKw`b Zvi wcZvi Dc‡`k
msµvšÍ welq¸‡jv hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ wek¦we`¨vjq gmwR‡`i LwZe mv‡n‡ei Kv‡Q hvq Ges KziAvb bvwh‡ji
wel‡q Rvb‡Z Pvq| LwZe mv‡ne hyw³ w`‡q welqwU Zvi mvg‡b Dc¯’vcb K‡ib| G‡Z Zvi `„wófw½i
cwieZ©b nq| d‡j †m cÖwZw`b KziAvb wZjvIqvZ K‡i I KziAvb bvwh‡ji BwZnvm Aa¨qb K‡i| GLb †m
KyiAvb msiÿY, KziAvb bvwh‡ji c×wZ, RxeivCj †d‡ikZv cÖf…wZi Dci wek¦vm ¯’vcb K‡i| †jvKRb
GLb Zv‡K fvj gymjgvb wn‡m‡e Rv‡b|
K. Awn k‡ãi A_© wK ? 1
L. me©cÖ_g †Kvb m~iv bvwhj nq? 2
M. KziAvb bvwh‡ji NUbv wjLyb| 3
N. ÔKziAvb Avjøvni Kvjvg| GwU wReivCj (Av) Gi gva¨‡g gnvbex nhiZ
gynv¤§v` (m) Gi cÖwZ bvwhj nqÕ- DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Kiæb 4

DËigvjv:1| M 2| M 3| L 4| M 5| M 6| K

BDwbU GK c„ôv-18
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

cvV-6 : Inxi cwiPq I Inx bvwh‡ji c×wZ


D‡Ïk¨
G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb
 Inxi msÁv eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
 Inxi †kÖwYwefvM I Inx bvwh‡ji Ae¯’v we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
 gnvbexi (m) cÖwZ Inx bvwh‡ji c×wZmg~‡ni weeiY w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

Inx, Inx‡q gvZjy, Inx‡q MvB‡i gvZjy, Inx‡q Rjx, Inx‡q Kvjex, gvjvKx,
gyL¨ kã (Key Words) Kvjv‡g-Bjvnx|

5.1.Inx
nhiZ Av`g (Av) †_‡K Avi¤¢ K‡i wek¦bex nhiZ gynv¤§v` (m) ch©šÍ mKj bex-ivm~jB Inxi gva¨‡g
wn`vqvZ jvf K‡i gvbe RvwZ‡K mZ¨ c‡_i mÜvb w`‡q‡Qb| gnvbex (m) Inx Qvov †Kvb K_v ej‡Zb bv|
KziAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q-

ÒAvi wZwb gbMov K_v e‡jb bv| G‡Zv Inx, hv Zvi cÖwZ cÖZ¨v‡`k nqÓ (m~iv bvRg-53:3)
g~jZ Inx †_‡K cÖvß Ávb AwaK wbf©yj I wek¦vm‡hvM¨|
5.2 ÔInx'i A_©
ÔInx'i kvwãK A_© Bw½Z Kiv, †jLv, msev` †`Iqv, Bjnvg nIqv BZ¨vw`|
kixAv‡Zi cwifvlvq Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zuvi bexMY‡K K_vi gva¨‡g ev †d‡ikZv cvwV‡q wKsev ¯^cœ‡hv‡M A_ev
Bjnv‡gi mvnv‡h¨ †Kvb welq Rvwb‡q †`Iqv‡K Inx ejv nq|Ó
5.3 Inxi cÖKvi‡f`
Inx cÖavbZ `y'cÖKvi-
1. Inx‡q gvZ&jy (cwVZe¨ Inx) : †h Inxi fve, kã I fvlv, A_©, web¨vm mewKQyB gnvb Avjøvn cÖZ¨¶ Inxi
gva¨‡g bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Ges hv msi¶Y e¨e¯’vI K‡i‡Qb| G cÖKv‡ii Inx‡K Inx‡q gvZ&jy (cwVZe¨ Inx) I
ÔInx‡q Rjx' (cÖZ¨¶ Inx) ejv nq| GUvB cweÎ KziAvb gvRx`|
2. Inx‡q MvB‡i gvZjy (AcwVZe¨ Inx) : †h Inxi fve Avjøvni c¶ †_‡K; wKšÍz Gi fvlv I kã ¯^qs ivm~j (m)-
Gi Zv‡K Inx‡q MvB‡i gvZ&jy (AcwVZe¨ Inx) I Inx‡q Ldx (cÖ”Qbœ Inx) ejv nq| G cÖKv‡ii Inx n‡”Q
ivm~jyjøvn (m)-Gi nv`xm| G Dfq Inx GKB Drm †_‡K DrmvwiZ|
5.4 Inx bvwh‡ji Ae¯’v
bex‡`i Kv‡Q Avjøvni c¶ †_‡K wZbfv‡e Inx G‡m‡Q| h_v- 1. Inx‡q Kvjex, 2. Inx‡q Kvjv‡g Bjvnx Ges 3.
Inx‡q gvjvKx|
1. Inx‡q K¡vjex : Kv‡iv gva¨g QvovB Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv mivmwi bexi ü`‡q †Kvb K_v ev welq Inx wn‡m‡e
cvVv‡Zb| G cÖKvi Inx‡K Inx‡q K¡vjex ejv nq| bex‡`i ¯^cœ G †kÖwYi AšÍf©y³|
2. Inxq Kvjv‡g Bjvnx : †d‡ikZvi gva¨g QvovB ¯^qs Avjøvn bexi Kv‡Q †h Inx †cÖiY K‡ib, Zv‡K Inx‡q
Kvjv‡g-Bjvnx' ejv nq| G c×wZ‡Z Avjøvni mv‡_ mivmwi K_v nq I Zuvi mvwbœa¨ jvf nq| †hgb wg'iv‡Ri
mgq ivm~jyjøvn (m)-Gi mv‡_ Avjøvni evK¨vjvc Ges nhiZ g~mv (Av)-Gi mv‡_ K‡_vcK_b n‡qwQj|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-19
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

3. Inx‡q gvjvKx : Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zuvi cweÎ evYx †Kvb †d‡ikZvi gva¨‡g bexi wbKU †cuŠwQ‡q †`b| cweÎ
KziAvb gvRx` G c×wZ‡Z bvwhj n‡qwQj|
5.5 gnvbex (m)-Gi cÖwZ Inx bvwh‡ji c×wZ
cweÎ KziAvb-nvw`‡mi eY©bv †_‡K gnvbex (m)-Gi cÖwZ Inx bvwh‡ji †h c×wZmg~n Rvbv hvq Zv nj-
1. mZ¨ ¯^cœ : nhiZ Avwqkv (iv) ewY©Z nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq- byeyIqvZ jv‡fi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q gnvbex (m)-Gi
Dci Inx bvwh‡ji ïf m~Pbv n‡qwQj mZ¨ ¯^‡cœi gva¨‡g| G e¨vcv‡i KziAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q-
ِ ّ‫ﻟ َﻘ َ ْﺪ ﺻَ ﺪ َقَ ﷲ ُ َرﺳ ُْﻮﻟ َﮫُ اﻟﺮﱡ ءْ ﯾ َﺎ ﺑ ِﺎﻟْﺤِ ﻖ‬
ÒAvjøvn Zuvi ivm~j (m)-Gi ¯^c‡œ K m‡Z¨ cwiYZ K‡i‡Qb|Ó (m~iv dvZ&n- 48 : 27)
nhiZ Beivnxg (Av) cyÎ BmgvCj (Av)-†K Kzievbx Kivi Rb¨ ¯^‡cœ Avw`ó nb| myZivs bex‡`i ¯^cœ Inxi
AšÍf©y³|
2. AšÍ‡j©v‡K dzu‡K †`Iqv : G c×wZ‡Z wReivCj (Av) gnvbex (m)-†K †`Lv bv w`‡q Zuvi ü`qc‡U †Kvb K_v
dzu‡K w`‡Zb wKsev Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv ¯^qs bexi AšÍ‡j©v‡K †Kvb K_v D‡`ªK Ki‡Zb|
3. NÈvaŸwbi gva¨g : Inx bvwh‡ji c~e© gyn‚‡Z© gnvbex (m)-Gi Kv‡b NÈvaŸwbi gZ AvIqvR Aweivg evR‡Z
_vK‡Zv| Avi Gi m‡½ m‡½B †d‡ikZvI K_v ej‡Z _vK‡Zb| G c×wZ‡K mvjmvjvZzj Rvivm ejv n‡q‡Q|
GUv wQj KwVbZg c×wZ| cÖPÐ kx‡ZI G mgq gnvbexi (m) kixi †_‡K Zxeª †e‡M Nvg S‡i co‡Zv|
4. †d‡ikZvi gvbevK…wZ‡Z AvMgb : KL‡bv †d‡ikZv gvbevK…wZ aviY K‡i gnvbex (m)-Gi wbKU G‡m Inx
†cŠu‡Q w`‡Zb| G c×wZ wQj mnRZi| nvw`‡m wReivCj bv‡g AwfwnZ nv`xmLvbv G c×wZi Inxi D`vniY|
5. †d‡ikZv wb‡Ri AvK…wZ‡Z AvMgb : nhiZ wReivCj (Av)-†K gnvb Avjøvn †h AvK…wZ‡Z m„wó K‡i‡Qb, wVK
†mB AvK…wZ‡Z ivm~j (m)-Gi wbKU Inx wb‡q Avm‡Zb| gnvbex (m) 3 evi nhiZ wReivCj (Av)-†K ¯^iƒ‡c
†`‡LwQ‡jb|
6. c`©vi AšÍivj †_‡K mivmwi : gnvb Avjøvn gnvbex (m)-Gi mv‡_ †Kvb gva¨g QvovB c`©vi AšÍivj †_‡K
mivmwi K_v ej‡Zb| wg'iv‡Ri mgq Avjøvni mv‡_ Gfv‡eB K_v nq| cuvP Iqv³ mvjvZ G c×wZ‡Z dih
nq|
7. Z›`ªve¯’vq mivmwi Inx : gnvbex (m) Z›`ªve¯’vq Avjøvni c¶ †_‡K mivmwi Inx †c‡Zb| G c×wZ‡Z gnvbex
(m) mvZevi Inx †c‡q‡Qb e‡j nvw`m †_‡K Rvbv hvq|
8. AšÍivj Qvov Inx : G c×wZ‡Z Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv †Kvb AšÍivj QvovB mivmwi ivm~j (m)-Gi mv‡_ K_v
e‡j‡Qb|
9. Bmivdxj (Av)-Gi gva¨‡g Inx : †Kvb †Kvb mgq gnvbex (m)-Gi Kv‡Q nhiZ Bmivdxj (Av)-Gi gva¨‡gI
Inx bvwhj n‡Zv|
-

mvims‡ÿc
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi cÿ †_‡K bex-ivm~jM‡Yi Kv‡Q †h Inx bvwhj nq Zv‡KB Inx ejv nq| Inx bvwh‡ji gva¨g,
Ae¯’v I c×wZi wewfbœZvi Kvi‡Y Inx‡K wewfbœfv‡e fvM Kiv nq| Inxi ÁvbB wbf©yj Ávb- Bmjv‡gi AKvU¨
`jxj| Avj-KziAvb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi cÖZ¨ÿ Inx| nvw`m ivm~j (m) -Gi evYx- GUv c‡ivÿ Inx|

wkÿv_x©MY Inxi †kÖwY wefvM mg~‡ni GKwU PvU© ˆZwi K‡i cvIqvi c‡q‡›U Dc¯’vcb
A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi) Kiæb|
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

BDwbU GK c„ôv-20
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1.Inx k‡ãi A_© Kx ?
(K) wek¦vm Kiv (L) Bw½Z Kiv
(M) A¯^xKvi Kiv (N) †Mvcb Kiv
2.Inx cÖavbZ KZ cÖKvi ?
(K) 2 cÖKvi (L) 3 cÖKvi
(M) 4 cÖKvi (N) 5 cÖKvi
3.Kqfv‡e Inx AeZxY© nZ ?
(K) 3 fv‡e (L) 4 fv‡e
(M) 5 fv‡e (N) 9 fv‡e
4. Inx bvwh‡ji KóKi c×wZ †KvbwU ?
(K) mZ¨ ¯^cœ (L) N›UvaŸwbi gva¨‡g
(M) †d‡ikZ‡`i gvbeevK…wZ (N) †d‡ikZ‡`i wb‡Ri AvK…wZ
5. gnvbex (m) wReivBj (Av.) †K KZevi Avmj AvK…wZ‡Z †`‡L‡Qb ?
(K) 3 evi (L) 4 evi
(M) 5 evi (N) 9 evi
6. bex‡`i Kv‡Q †hfv‡e Inx G‡m‡Q -
i.Inx‡q Kvjex ii. Inx‡q Kvjv‡g Bjvnx iii. Inx‡q gvjvKx
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
7. me©cÖ_g Inx bvwhj n‡q‡Q -
i.mZ¨ ¯^‡cœi gva¨‡g ii. N›UvaŸwbi gva¨‡g iii. Bmivdxj (Av.)-Gi gva¨‡g
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i (L) i I iii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
GKw`b bvbv Zvi bvwZ-bvZbx‡`i wb‡q Ggb GKwU MÖš’ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv KiwQ‡jb, hv wek¦cÖwZcvj‡Ki
cÿ n‡Z bvwhj n‡q‡Q| Zv wQj m¤ú~Y© ÎæwUgy³| GwU cvV Ki‡j A‡bK mvIqve cvIqv hvq| G MÖ‡š’i
A‡bK¸‡jv my›`i my›`i bvg i‡q‡Q| GwU wewfbœ mgq wewfbœfv‡e AeZxY© n‡q‡Q|
K. Inx Kx ? 1
L. Inx KZ cÖKvi I wK wK ? 2
M. DÏxc‡K †Kvb MÖš’wUi cÖwZ wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q ? e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 3
N. Inx bvwh‡ji Ae¯’v¸‡jv Avcbvi cvV¨ eB‡qi Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Kiæb| 4
DËigvjv: 1| L 2| K 3| N 4| L 5| K 6| N 7| K

BDwbU GK c„ôv-21
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cvV-7: gv°x I gv`vbx m~iv


D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb


 gv°x I gv`vbx m~ivmg~‡ni msÁv eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
 gv°x m~ivmg~‡ni ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
 gv`vbx m~ivmg~‡ni ˆewkó¨ ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

wnRiZ, gv°x Rxeb, gv`vbx Rxeb, AvKvB`|


gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

nhiZ gynv¤§v` (m)-Gi †ZBk eQ‡ii bex-Rxeb, gv°x I gv`vbx-G `y'fv‡M wef³| KziAvbI `y'c‡e©
wef³| GRb¨ KziAvb bvwh‡ji mgq I ¯’vb Abyhvqx KziAv‡bi m~iv I AvqvZ‡K gv°x I gv`vbx
`y'fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q _v‡K
1. gv°x m~iv
nhiZ gynv¤§v` (m)-Gi bex Rxe‡b g°vq Ae¯’vbKv‡j Zuvi g`xbvq wnRi‡Zi c~e© ch©šÍ 13 eQ‡i †h mKj m~iv ev
AvqvZ bvwhj nq, †m¸‡jv‡K gv°x m~iv ev gv°x AvqvZ ejv nq|
2. gv`vbx m~iv
nhiZ gynv¤§v` (m)-Gi g`xbvq wnRiZ Kivi ci Rxe‡bi †kl 10 eQ‡i g`xbvq wKsev Ab¨ †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b †h
mKj m~iv I AvqvZ bvwhj nq †m¸‡jv‡K gv`vbx m~iv I gv`vbx AvqvZ ejv nq|
gv°x I gv`vbx m~ivmg~‡ni ˆewkó¨
nhiZ gynv¤§` (m)-Gi bex Rxe‡bi `y'wU Aa¨vq| cÖ_g Aa¨vq n‡”Q beyIqvZ cvIqvi ci g`xbvq wnRiZ K‡i
hvIqvi AvM ch©šÍ †Zi eQ‡ii Rxeb| Zuvi wnRiZ Kivi ci g`xbvi `k eQ‡ii Rxeb n‡”Q wØZxq Aa¨vq| G
`y'Aa¨vq gnvbex (m)-†K `yai‡bi cwiw¯’wZi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq| G cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZ‡K mvg‡b †i‡LB KziAv‡bi
AvqvZ I m~ivmg~n bvwhj nq| ZvB G `y Aa¨v‡qi m~ivmg~‡ni `y'ai‡bi ˆewkó¨ i‡q‡Q|
wb‡P gv°x I gv`vbx m~ivmg~‡ni ˆewkó¨ I welqe¯‘ Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jvÑ
gv°x m~ivi ˆewkó¨ I welqe¯‘Ñ
1. gv°x m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i †QvU|
2. G‡Z Avjøvni GKZ¡ev` ev ZvInx‡`i eY©bv i‡q‡Q|
3. G‡Z wimvjvZ I beyIqv‡Zi eY©bv i‡q‡Q|
4. G‡Z AvwLivZ ev ciKvjxb Rxeb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q|
5. gv°x m~ivq KziAv‡bi mZ¨Zvi cÖgvY Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
6. G‡Z wkiK I Kzd‡ii hyw³ I Dcgv wfwËK we‡ivwaZv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
7. G‡Z RvbœvZ I Rvnvbœv‡gi eY©bv †ewk G‡m‡Q|
8. G‡Z cvi‡jŠwKK wePvi I wnmve wbKv‡ki eY©bv Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-22
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

9. G mKj m~ivq AvKvB` I Bgvb m¤úwK©Z Bmjv‡gi †gŠwjK welqmg~‡ni Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
10. gv°x m~ivq PwiÎ MVb I cwiïw×i wb‡`©kbv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q|
11. G‡Z ˆbwZKZv‡eva, wPšÍvkw³ I we‡eK‡eva RvMÖZ K‡i mZ¨ MÖn‡Y DØy× Kiv n‡q‡Q|
12. byeyIqvZx `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Dc‡hvMx Dc‡`k cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
13. G c‡e©i m~iv¸‡jvi fvlv ¯^”Q I SiYvavivi g‡Zv SiS‡i, ü`qMÖvnx, mn‡R gyL¯’ nIqvi †hvM¨|
14. gv°x ch©v‡qi m~ivi cÖvi¤¢ kc_ evK¨ Øviv Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
15. gv°x m~iv 92wU |
gv`vbx m~ivi ˆewkó¨ I welqe¯‘Ñ
1. gv`vbx c‡e©i m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i `xN©|
2. G‡Z Bev`v‡Zi eY©bv G‡m‡Q|
3. G‡Z AvnKv‡g kixAv‡Zi eY©bv e¨vcKfv‡e Kiv n‡q‡Q|
4. G‡Z nvjvj I nviv‡gi we¯Í…Z eY©bv G‡m‡Q|
5. gv`vbx c‡e©i m~ivq Bmjvgx ixwZ-bxwZi wek` eY©bv Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q|
6. G‡Z A_©‰bwZK AvBb h_v- hvKvZ, Dki, µq-weµq, †jb‡`b I DËivwaKvi AvBb BZ¨vw` wel‡qi weeiY
i‡q‡Q|
7. Bmjv‡gi e¨envwiK Rxeb Z_v AvPvi-e¨envi, we‡q-kv`x, ZvjvK BZ¨vw`i eY©bv i‡q‡Q|
8. mvgwiK AvBb I wRnv` BZ¨vw` eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
9. ciivóªbxwZ, mwÜ, Pyw³ BZ¨vw` welq Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q|
10. mvgvwRK-ivóªxq Ges RvZxq-AvšÍR©vwZK welqvw`i weeiY Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q|
11. gybvwdK, Kvwdi, wRw¤§, Avn‡j wKZve, kÎæ, wgÎ, Z_v Agymwjg Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ AvPiY wewai weeiY
i‡q‡Q|
12. G c‡e©i m~ivq HwZnvwmK weeiY G‡b mZ¨ MÖn‡Y DØy× Kiv n‡q‡Q|
13. G c‡e©i m~iv¸‡jvi my`xN©-eY©bv aviv I Q›`gq AvqvZ AZ¨šÍ AvKlYx©q I cÖjw¤^Z|
14. G c‡e©i m~ivq kc‡_i evK¨ Kg|
15. gv`vbx m~iv 22wU|

mvims‡ÿc
gv°x I gv`vbx ivm~jyjøvn (m.) -Gi beyIqvwZ Rxe‡bi `yÕwU Aa¨vq| g°vq Bmjvg wQj `vIqvwZ ch©v‡q| Avi
gvw`bvq Bmjvwg ivóª cÖwZôvi mgq| ZvB Dfq ch©v‡qi m~ivi welqe¯‘ I ˆewk‡ó¨ wKQz cv_©K¨ jÿYxq|
wnRi‡Zi c~‡e© AeZxY© m~iv I AvqvZ‡K gv°x m~iv I AvqvZ e‡j Ges wnRi‡Zi c‡i AeZxY© m~iv I AvqvZ‡K
gv`vbx m~iv I AvqvZ e‡j| gv°x m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i †QvU| gv°x m~iv¸‡jv‡Z ZvInx`, wimvjvZ, beyIqvZ,
AvwLivZ, RvbœvZ-Rvnvbœvg BZ¨vw` Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| gv°x m~iv msL¨v 92wU| gv`vbx m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i eo| G‡Z
Bev`vZ I AvnKv‡g kixÔAvZmsµvšÍ welq¸‡jvi wek` eY©bv i‡q‡Q| ZvQvov nvjvj, nvivg, Bmjvwg ixwZ-bxwZ,
A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, ivóªxq AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb, weevn kv`x msµvšÍ AvBb, Ges wewfbœ AvBb Kvbyb I HwZnvwmK
weeiY i‡q‡Q| gv`vbx m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i eo| gv`vbx m~iv 22wU|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-23
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

gv°x I gv`vbx m~iv mg~‡ni GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kiæb|


A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1| g°vq KZ eQie¨vcx KziAvb bvwhj n‡q‡Q ?
(K) 10 eQi (L) 13 eQi (M) 23 eQi (N) 33 eQi
2| g`xbvq KZ eQie¨vcx KziAvb bvwhj n‡q‡Q ?
(K) 10 eQi (L) 13 eQi (M) 23 eQi (N) 33 eQi
3| ZvInx‡`i eY©bv †Kvb m~ivq ?
(K) gv°x m~ivq (L) gv`vbx m~ivq
(M) gv°x I gv`vbx m~ivq (N) †KvbwU‡ZB †bB
4| †Kvb m~iv AvKv‡i `xN© ?
(K) gv°x m~iv (L) gv`vbx m~iv
(M) wKQz gv°x m~iv (N) wKQz gv`vbx m~iv
5| †Kvb m~ivq RvbœvZ I Rvnvbœv‡gi eY©bv G‡m‡Q ?
(K) gv°x m~ivq (L) gv`vbx m~ivq
(M) wKQz gv°x m~ivq (N) wKQz gv`vbx m~ivq
6. gv°x m~ivi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv-
i.ZvInx‡`i eY©bv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q ii. wimvj‡Zi eY©bv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q iii. AvwLiv‡Zi eY©bv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i (L) i I iii (M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
7. gv`vbx m~ivi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv-
i.m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i `xN© ii. AvnKv‡g kixAv‡Zi eY©bv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q iii. mvgvwRK, ivóªxq I AvšÍR©vwZK
eY©bv ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i (L) i I iii (M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
8. kwdK mv‡ne gv`vbx m~iv¸‡jvi Abyev` cov ïiæ K‡i‡Qb, Gi d‡j wZwb Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb-
i. AvnKv‡g kixÔAv‡Zi welqvewj ii. Bmjvgx ixwZ-bxwZi welqvewj
iii. beyIqvwZ `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Dc‡hvMx Dc‡`kvewj|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii (L) i I iii (M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii

BDwbU GK c„ôv-24
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK,
GKv`k †kÖwYi wkÿv_©x myjZvbv ivwRqv gvw° I gv`vbx m~ivi †kÖwYwefvM Rvb‡Z †P‡q cÖkœ Ki‡j Aa¨ÿ
myivBqv †eMg e‡jb, KziAvb Ggb GKwU gnvMÖš’ hv gymwjg-Agymwjg mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ bvwhj n‡q‡Q|
Gi cÖwZwU m~ivi welqe¯‘ AZ¨šÍ ˆewPΨc~Y©| cweÎ KziAvb hy‡Mi Pvwn`vi Av‡jv‡K Aí Aí K‡i `xN© 23
eQ‡i AeZiY m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| welqe¯‘ eySvi myweavi Rb¨ KziAv‡bi m~iv¸‡jv fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK
fv‡Mi m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i †QvU Ges Ab¨fv‡Mi m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i eo| `ywU fv‡Mi m~iv¸‡jvB ¯^Zš¿ ˆewkó¨c~Y©|
KziAv‡bi m~iv¸‡jv wef³ Kiv bv n‡j Gi welqe¯‘ Avjv`vfv‡e Dcjw× Kiv m¤¢e nZ bv|
K. KziAv‡bi m~iv¸‡jv Kqfv‡M wef³ ? 1
L. gv°x m~iv¸‡jv KLb bvwhj n‡q‡Q ? 2
M. Ôgv°x m~ivq PwiÎ MVb I cwiïw×i wb‡`©kbv ¯’vb †c‡q‡QÕÑe¨vL¨v Kiæb| 3
N. gv`vbx m~ivi ˆewk󨸇jv we‡kølY Kiæb| 4

DËigvjv: 1| L 2| K 3| K 4| L 5| K 6| N 7| N

cvV-8: Avj-KziAv‡bi msi¶Y


D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb


 Avj-KziAvb msi¶‡Yi c×wZ ej‡Z cvi‡eb;
 hy‡M hy‡M KziAvb msi¶‡Yi BwZnvm Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

wndvhZ, Avmgvwb wKZve, bvwhj, Avgj|


gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

6.1. KziAvb msi¶Y c×wZ


gvbeRvwZi cÖwZ gnvb Avjøvni Ag~j¨ `vb n‡”Q Avj-KziAvb| gnvb Avjøvn ¯^qs G wKZv‡ei
wndvhZKvix e‡j †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb| ZvQvov gnvbexi (m) Avg‡j Z_v KziAvb bvwhj nIqvi mgq Ges mKj hy‡MB
Gi myi¶vi wbf©i‡hvM¨ e¨e¯’v Aejw¤^Z n‡q Avm‡Q| Avj-KziAvbB GKgvÎ MÖš’ hv m¤ú~Y© AweK…Z I iw¶Z
Avmgvwb wKZve wn‡m‡e wPi A¤øvb|
KziAvb gvRx` `y'wU c×wZ‡Z msiw¶Z nq:
1. ¯§„wZ fvÐvi
c~e©eZx© Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei Zzjbvq GKgvÎ KziAvbB G ˆewk‡ó¨i AwaKvix †h, Gi myi¶vi R‡b¨ Kjg I
KvM‡Ri Zzjbvq AwaK wbf©i Kiv nq ¯§„wZfvÐvi Z_v nvwdh‡`i ¯§iY kw³i Dci| nvw`‡m Kz`mx‡Z ejv
n‡q‡Q-

BDwbU GK c„ôv-25
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

ÒAvcbvi cÖwZ Avwg Ggb GKwU wKZve bvwhj K‡iwQ hv‡K cvwb gy‡Q †dj‡Z cv‡i bv|Ó (mnxn& gymwjg)
2. wjLb c×wZi gva¨‡g
KziAvb bvwhj nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Inx †jLK Øviv wj‡L ivLv n‡Zv| G aviv cieZx© hy‡M wjwce× I gy`‡ª Yi
gva¨‡g cweÎ KziAvb AweKj wjwLZ AvKv‡i myiw¶Z n‡q Avm‡Q|
6.2 KziAvb msi¶‡Yi BwZnvm
gnvbexi (m) hy‡M KziAvb msi¶Y : gnvbexi (m) hy‡M KziAvb msi¶‡Yi e¨e¯’vmg~n wQjÑ
(K) KziAvb gyL¯ÍKiY
KziAvb gvRx` bvwhj nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ gnvbex (m) gyL¯’ K‡i wb‡Zb Ges Zv wReivCj (Av)-†K ïbv‡Zb| mv‡_
mv‡_ mvnvexMY‡KI Kɯ’ K‡i ¯§„wZfvÐv‡i mwÂZ K‡i ivLvi wb‡`©k w`‡Zb|
(L) cvi¯úwiK cVb-cvVb I kªeY
AwaKZi mZK©Zvi Rb¨ gnvbex (m) cÖwZ eQi ivgvhvb gv‡m wReivC‡ji (Av) mv‡_ KziAvb cvi¯úwiK cVb-cvVb
I kªeY Ki‡Zb| †Zgwbfv‡e wZwb mvnvexMY‡K ïbv‡Zb Avi mvnvexMYI Zuv‡K ïbv‡Zb|
(M) e¨vcK PP©v, wk¶v`vb
mvnvexM‡Yi g‡a¨ KziAvb gyL¯’ Kiv, ¯§iY ivLv Ges wk¶v`v‡bi A`g¨ AvMÖn we`¨gvb wQj| cweÎ KziAvb‡K ¯^xq
¯§„wZi gwY‡KvVvq myiw¶Z ivLvi wbwg‡Ë nvRvi nvRvi mvnvex mKj gMœZv Z¨vM K‡i G mvabvq Rxeb DrmM© K‡i
w`‡q‡Qb| wbqwgZ ivZ †R‡M Zviv bdj bvgv‡hI wZjvIqvZ Ki‡Zb| G cÖm‡½ Avjøvni †NvlYvÑ
ÒZviv iv‡Z Avjøvni (KziAv‡bi) AvqvZmg~n wZjvIqvZ K‡i _v‡Kb|Ó (Av‡j-Bgivb
3 : 113)
gnvbexi (m) mgq g`xbvq Av‡iv †ek K‡qKwU gmwR` Kv‡qg n‡qwQj| †m¸‡jv‡Z KziAvb wk¶v`v‡bi e¨e¯’v
wQj| eû mvnvex gvbyl‡K KziAvb wk¶v`v‡b e¨¯Í wQ‡jb| A‡bK gwnjv we‡qi †gvnivbv ¯^iƒc ¯^vgxi wbKU KziAvb
wk¶v MÖnY Ki‡Zb| Gfv‡e e¨vcK PP©v I wk¶v`v‡bi wecyj AvMÖn I ZrciZvi Øviv KziAv‡bi evYx wQj mK‡ji
gy‡L gy‡L|
(N) KziAv‡bi ev¯Íe Avgj
gnvbex (m) Ges mvnvexMY KziAv‡bi cÖwZwU Avqv‡Zi gg© ev¯Íe Rxe‡b iƒcvwqZ Kivi †Póv Ki‡Zb|
O. KziAvb wjLb, DcKiY I web¨vm
gnvbex (m) Gi hy‡M ivóªxq e¨e¯’vcbvq myPviæiƒ‡c Inx wjLb `dZi-Gi gva¨‡g KziAv‡bi wjL‡bi KvRwU Kiv‡bv
nq| Z‡e G mgq KziAvb gvRx` GKB bymLv ev cvÐzwjwc‡Z GKÎ Kiv nqwb|
gnvbexi (m) hy‡M KziAvb wjL‡bi DcKiY wQj Mv‡Qi evKj, nvo, Pvgov, cv_i, Kvco, wgkixq †dvg e¯¿ Ges
ZLbKvi g‡Zv Avwe®‹Z… GK cÖKvi KvMR|
KziAv‡bi wewfbœ Ask wewfbœ mgq bvwhj nq Ges Zv myPviæiƒ‡c wjwLZ nq| m~ivi bvgKiY, avivevwnKZv Ges
†Kvb AvqvZ †Kvb m~ivi †Kv_vq wjwLZ n‡e Zvi mewKQyB Avjøvni wb‡`©k †gvZv‡eK myweb¨¯Í wQj|
6.3. KziAvb msi¶Y cÖ_g Ljxdvi hy‡M
gnvbex (m)-Gi hy‡M KziAv‡bi †hme cvÐzwjwc cÖ¯‘Z n‡qwQj Zv GKB MÖ‡š’ wQj bv eis wewfbœ e¯‘i Dci
wew¶ßfv‡e wQj|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-26
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

Gw`‡K gnvbexi (m) wZ‡ivav‡bi ci nhiZ Avey eK‡ii wLjvd‡Zi cÖ_g w`‡K Bmjvg we‡ivax Pµ I fÐ bexi
weiæ‡× cwiPvwjZ hy‡× KziAv‡bi eû nvwdh kvnv`vZeiY K‡ib| nhiZ Dgi (iv) KziAvb GK‡Î MÖš’ve× K‡i
msi¶‡Yi cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Ki‡j nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) Zv msi¶‡Yi D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡ib|
6.4. KziAvb msi¶Y Z…Zxq Ljxdvi Avg‡j
Z…Zxq Lwjdv nhiZ Dmgv‡bi (iv) Avg‡j Avie mxgvšÍ †cwi‡q cvim¨ I †iv‡gi we¯Í…Y© A‡j Bmjvg Qwo‡q
c‡o| d‡j KziAv‡bi cV‡b AvÂwjK fvlv I D”Pvi‡Yi cÖfve KziAv‡bi weï× cv‡V weNœ †`Lv †`q| G Ae¯’v †`‡L
nhiZ Dmgvb (iv) DwØMœ n‡q c‡ob| wZwb †bZ…¯’vbxq mvnvex‡`i m‡½ civgk©µ‡g hvwq` Be‡b mvweZ (i)-Gi
†bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU ms¯’v MVb K‡ib| G ms¯’v g~j cvÐzwjwci AbyKi‡Y GKB cVb ixwZ‡Z KziAv‡bi gvmnvd ˆZwi
K‡ib| Ges Zvi Abywjwc mvgªv‡R¨i wewfbœ †K‡›`ª cvwV‡q †`b| Avi mZK©Zvi Rb¨ c~‡e©i Qwo‡q wQwU‡q _vKv ï×,
Aï× I AvÂwjK D”Pvi‡Yi KziAv‡bi mg¯Í Ask ev Kwc Zje K‡i †bIqv nq| Avi Zv Av¸‡b cywo‡q webó K‡i
†`Iqv nq| Gfv‡eB KziAvb gvRx` msiw¶Z nq|
6.5. cieZx©Kv‡j KziAvb msi¶Y
KziAv‡bi cvV mnRZi Kivi Rb¨ niKZ ms‡hvRb K‡ib nv¾vR Be‡b BDmyd| Zvici †_‡K KziAv‡b Avi †Kvb
wKQy Abyc‡Ö ek NUv‡bv nqwb| ZLb †_‡K AvR ch©šÍ KziAvb nvwdh‡`i ¯§„wZfvÐvi Ges gy`ªY wk‡íi gva¨‡g I
wjwLZ AvKv‡i wbfy©jfv‡e msiw¶Z i‡q‡Q Ges Zv wKqvgZ ch©šÍ _vK‡e|

B‡q‡g‡bi Rv‡g gmwR‡` KziAv‡bi B‡q‡g‡bi ÒAvj-`vjvqÓ kn‡i Bsj¨v‡Û evwg©snvg wek¦we`¨vj‡q KziAvb
cÖvPxb cvÐzwjwc n¯ÍwjwLZ KziAvb kwi‡di n¯ÍwjwLZ cÖvPxb cvÐzwjwc

mvims‡ÿc
Avj-KziAvb my`xN© 23 eQie¨vcx bvwhj nq| bvwhj nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv ivm~jyjøvn (m) I mvnvev‡q wKivg gyL¯’
Ki‡Zb| Inxi †jLKM‡Yi Øviv wjwL‡q ivL‡Zb| Zv wbR Rxeb I ivóªxq Rxe‡b ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Zb| Zv e¨vcK
cVb cvVb n‡Zv| cÖ_g Lwjdvi Avg‡j Zv GKB MÖ‡š’ MÖš’vqb Kiv nq| Z…Zxq Lwjdvi Avg‡j KziAv‡bi GKB
cVbixwZ Pvjy Kiv nq| Gfv‡e KziAvb msiwÿZ Av‡Q| G‡Z †Kvbiƒc weK…wZ nqwb| Ges wKqvgZ ch©šÍ gnvb
Avjøvn Zv msiÿY K‡i ivL‡eb|

wkÿ_©xMY, KziAvb msiÿ‡Yi wel‡q GKwU wm‡¤úvwRqv‡gi Av‡qvRb Kiæb|


A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

BDwbU GK c„ôv-27
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb
eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1.AweK…Z Avmgvwb wKZve †KvbwU ?
(K) ZvIivZ (L) hveyi
(M) BbwRj (N) KziAvb
2.KziAvb gvRx` msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb wel‡qi Dci AwaK wbf©i Kiv nq ?
(K) ¯§„wZfvÛv‡ii Dci (L) gy`ªYwk‡íi Dci
(M) wjwcKvi‡`i Dci (N) Kjg I KvM‡Ri Dci
3.gnvbexi (m) Avg‡j KziAvb msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ †h e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡qwQj -
i.KÚ¯’KiY ii. cvi¯úwiK cVb-cvVb iii. wjwLZfv‡e
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii. (L) i I iii (M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
4.KziAvb wjL‡bi DcKiY wQj -
i.Mv‡Qi evKj - nvo ii. Pvgov, cv_i iii. Kvco
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii. (L) i I iii (M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co–b Ges 5 I 6 b s cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b-
Rbve dzqv` mv‡ne GKRb Bmjvwg wPšÍvwe`| wZwb mgmvgwqK wel‡qi Dci PgrKvi e³e¨ iv‡Lb| GK`v C‡`i
Rvgv‡Z †`‡ki Dbœq‡b hye mgv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ kxl©K wel‡qi Dci e³e¨ ivLwQ‡jb| Zuvi e³e¨ ï‡b hye
mgvR GZUzKz AwffzZ n‡jb †h, Bgvg mv‡n‡ei e³e¨ Zviv †iKW© K‡i ivL‡jb| cieZ©x‡Z GjvKvi †Pqvig¨vb Zv
nvRvi nvRvi Kwc wcÖ›U K‡i gvby‡li g‡a¨ wewj K‡ib|
5| †Pqvig¨b mv‡ne †Kvb Lwjdvi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Qb ?
(K) nhiZ Avey iKi (iv) (L) nhiZ Igi (iv)
(M) nhiZ Avjx (iv) nhiZ Imgvb (iv)
6| DÏxc‡K D³ Lwidvi †Kvb Kg©Kv‡Ði cÖwZdjb jÿ Kiv hvq ?
(K) Avj-KziAvb msiÿY (L) Avj-nv`xm msiÿY
(M) Dû‡`i hy× cwiPvjbv (N) L›`‡Ki hy× cwiPvjbv
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK-1
KziAvb msiÿ‡Yi K_v eySv‡Z wM‡q Aa¨vcK Avey AvdRvj wkÿv_©x‡`i e‡jb-
†h †Kvb Awd‡mi dvBj-cÎ msiÿY Kiv Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KvR| dvBj-cÎ h_vh_fv‡e msiÿY Kiv bv n‡j
A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨ m¤^wjZ KvMR nvwi‡q hvIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| GKwU we‡kl Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei †ÿ‡ÎI Zv ejv
P‡j| †mB wKZvewU bvwhj nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv gyL¯’ Kiv nq Ges wjwce× Kiv nq| d‡j Zv wPiw`‡bi Rb¨
msiwÿZ nq| Avjøvn ZvAvjvi cÿ n‡ZI GwU msiwÿZ n‡q‡Q| G‡ZB D³ MÖš’wUi gh©v`v Dcjwä Kiv hvq|
K. KziAvb gvRx` KLb bvwhj nq ? 1
L. gv°x I gv`vbx ch©v‡qi m~ivi 2wU ˆewkó¨ wK wK ? 2
M. nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) †Kb KziAvb MÖš’vq‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb ? e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 3
N. DÏxc‡K †h Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei cÖwZ Bw½Z Kivq n‡q‡Q- Zv msiÿ‡Yi c×wZ g~j¨vqb Kiæb| 4

BDwbU GK c„ôv-28
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

DÏxcK-2
Avkivd I iwdK `yB eÜz| Zviv Df‡q PviæKjv Bbw÷wUD‡Ui QvÎ| Avkivd Zvi eÜz iwd‡Ki m‡½ Avj-
KziAv‡bi wewfbœ welq wb‡q ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i| GK ch©v‡q iwdK Avkiv‡di Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvq- Avj-KziAvb
h_vh_fv‡e msiwÿZ wK bv ? Avi wKfv‡e KziAvb msiÿY Kiv n‡q‡Q ? Ab¨vb¨ Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei b¨vq
KziAvb weK…Z nqwb †Zv ? Avkivd iwdK‡K Avj-KziAvb msKjb I msiÿ‡Yi BwZnvm Rvbvq| G‡Z
iwdK Avj-KziAv‡bi BwZnvm †R‡b Avbw›`Z nq|
K. Rv‡gDj KziAvb k‡ãi A_© Kx ? 1
L. †Kvb Lwjdv‡K Rv‡gDj KziAvb Dcvwa‡Z f‚wlZ Kiv nq ? 2
M. gnvbex (m)-Gi hy‡M KziAvb msiÿY c×wZi eY©bv w`b 3
N. ÔAvj-KziAvb GKwU AweK…Z k¦vk¦Z MÖš’Õ -Gi c‡ÿ KziAvb-nvw`m †_‡K `wjj Dc¯’vcb Kiæb 4

DËigvjv: 1| N 2| K 3| N 4| N 5| K 6| K

cvV-9: Avj-KziAvb MÖš’ve×Ki‡Yi BwZnvm

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb


 KziAvb MÖš’ve×Ki‡Yi BwZnvm wjL‡Z cvi‡eb;
 KziAvb GKÎKi‡Y MwVZ Kwgk‡bi f‚wgKv m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

KvwZ‡e Inx, Iwn wjLb, kvnv`vZ eiY, D¤§yj gyÕwgbxb|


gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

7.1 gnvbexi (m) hy‡M


gnvbex (m)-Gi Dci Inx bvwhj nIqvi mg‡q cweÎ KziAvb‡K GKLvwb c~Y©v½ MÖ‡š’ iƒcv`vb Kiv m¤¢e
nqwb| KviY ZLbI KziAvb bvwhj nw”Qj| G mgq KziAvb bvwhj nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv wj‡L ivLv n‡Zv| Inx
†jLK‡`i msL¨v wQj 42 Rb| Inx †jLKMY ivm~‡ji (m) Kv‡Q _vK‡Zb Ges hLb hv bvwhj n‡Zv Zv wj‡L
ivL‡Zb|
7.2 cÖ_g Ljxdv nhiZ Avey eKi (iv)-Gi hy‡M
gnvbexi (m) Bb&wZKv‡ji ci Bmjvg Rvnv‡bi cÖ_g Ljxdv nhiZ Avey eKi (iv)-Gi wLjvdZ Avg‡j fÐ bexi
weiæ‡× cwiPvwjZ wRnv‡` we‡klZ Bqvgvgvi hy‡× KziAv‡bi A‡bK nvwdh mvnvex kvnv`vZeiY K‡ib| Gfv‡e
nvwdhMY kvnv`vZeiY Ki‡Z _vK‡j KziAvb gvRx` msi¶Y Kiv `yiƒn n‡q co‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov KziAv‡bi
Askwe‡kl nvwi‡q hvIqvi Avk¼v †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| G Ae¯’vi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z `~i`kx© nhiZ Dgi (iv) Ljxdv nhiZ
Avey eKi (iv)-†K KziAvb msMÖn K‡i GKB MÖ‡š’ MÖš’ve× Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Zz‡j a‡ib| nhiZ Dg‡ii (iv)
civgk© we‡ePbvq wb‡q mvnvex‡`i mv‡_ civgk© K‡ib| nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) gnvbex (m) †h KvRwU K‡i †h‡Z

BDwbU GK c„ôv-29
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cv‡ibwb, Zv Kivi mxgvnxb ¸iæZ¡ I Kj¨v‡Yi w`K we‡ePbv K‡i G cÖ¯Ív‡e m¤§Z nb Ges KziAvb MÖš’ve× Kivi
gnZx Kv‡R nvZ †`b|
gnvbexi (m) Inx wjLb `dZ‡ii cÖavb nhiZ hvwq` Be‡b mvweZ (iv)-Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU KziAvb MÖš’vqb
KwgkbÓ MVb K‡ib| gymwjg Rvnv‡bi me©Î digvb Rvwi K‡ib †h, hvi Kv‡Q KziAv‡bi †h Ask i‡q‡Q, Zv G
Kwgk‡bi wbKU Rgv w`‡Z| Kwgkb' gnvbexi (m)-Gi RxeÏkvq wjwLZ cvÐzwjwc Abymi‡Y Ges me©¯Í‡ii †jv‡Ki
mv¶¨cÖgv‡Yi wfwˇZ nvwdh‡`i ¯§„wZ‡Z myiw¶Z ZiZxe AbymiY K‡i wewkó mvnvex‡`i cÖZ¨¶ mn‡hvwMZvq Avj-
KziAv‡bi m~iv I AvqvZmg~n msMÖn K‡i GKLvwb c~Y©v½ cÖvgvY¨ cvÐzwjwc MÖš’vKv‡i iƒc`vb K‡ib| G‡K ivóªxqfv‡e
wndvhZ Kiv nq| c‡i wØZxq Ljxdv nhiZ Dg‡ii (iv) BbwZKv‡ji ci bexcZœx D¤§yj gywgbxb nhiZ nvdmvi
(iv) wbKU Zv msiw¶Z _v‡K|
7.3 Awfbœ cvVixwZ‡Z KziAvb MÖš’ve×KiY
Z…Zxq Ljxdv nhiZ Dmgv‡bi (iv) wLjvdZKv‡j Bmjvg Avie mxgvšÍ †cwi‡q cvim¨ I †iv‡gi we¯ÍxY© GjvKvq
we¯Ívi jvf K‡i| Bmjv‡gi cÖPvi I cÖmv‡ii d‡j wewfbœ RvwZ I fvlv-fvlxi †jvK Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i| Abvie
†jv‡Kiv KzivBk‡`i fw½‡Z †Kvb †Kvb Aviwe k‡ãi D”PviY Ki‡Z cviZ bv| AvÂwjK D”Pvi‡Yi cÖfv‡e
KziAv‡bi weï× cv‡V cv_©K¨ †`Lv †`q| nhiZ Dmgvb (iv) e¨vcviwUi ¸iæZ¡ Dcjwä K‡ib| wZwb †bZ…¯’vbxq
mvnvex‡`i m‡½ civgk© K‡i Inx wjLb I MÖš’ve× Kivi KvRwU hviv K‡i‡Qb, Zuv‡`i mgb¦‡q hvwq` web mvwe‡Zi
(iv) †bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU ms¯’v MVb K‡ib| G ms¯’v‡K KZK¸‡jv g~jbxwZi GKB cvVixwZi KziAv‡bi cvÐzwjwc cÖ¯‘Z
Ki‡Z e‡jb|
G ms¯’vi KvR wQjÑ
(K) cÖ_g Lwjdv nhiZ Avey eK‡ii (iv) Avg‡ji g~j cvÐzwjwc AbyKi‡Y m~ivi µgvbymv‡i GKB gvmnv‡d mwbœ‡ek
Kiv|
(L) gnvbexi (m) hy‡M Ggb c×wZ‡Z KziAvb †jLv nZ, hv‡Z cÖwm× mKj wKivAvZ c×wZ‡Z KziAvb cvV Kiv
†hZ| wKšÍz c‡i G‡Z weåvwšÍ m„wó nq| ZvB G ms¯’v †Kej GKB cVb c×wZ‡Z KziAv‡bi gvmnvd cÖ¯‘Z
K‡ib|
(M) G ms¯’v KziAv‡bi me©m¤§Z I wbf©i‡hvM¨ cÖvgvY¨ cvÐzwjwci Abywjwc ˆZwi K‡i cÖv‡`wkK Mfb©i‡`i Kv‡Q
†cÖiY K‡i miKvwifv‡e ZviB AbymiY Kivi wb‡`©k Rvwi K‡i|
(N) G ms¯’v Avey eK‡ii (iv) mg‡qi g~j cvÐzwjwcwUI cybtcix¶v-wbix¶v Ges hvPvB-evQvB K‡i †`‡Lb|
(O) g~j cvÐzwjwc †i‡L KziAv‡bi Ab¨ me Ask ev cvÐzwjwc wQj Zv Zje K‡i †bIqv nq| AwaKZi mZK©Zvi Rb¨
Zv Av¸‡b cywo‡q webó K‡i †`Iqv nq| Gfv‡eB KziAvb gvRx` Z…Zxq Ljxdv nhiZ Dmgv‡bi (iv) cÖZ¨¶
ZË¡veav‡b GKB cVbixwZ‡Z MÖš’ve× Kiv nq|

RvZxq Rv`yN‡i gvmnv‡d Dmgvwbi Qvqvwjwc

BDwbU GK c„ôv-30
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

mvims‡ÿc
gnvb Avjøvn ¯^qs KziAv‡bi wndvhZKvix e‡j †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb| KziAvb bvwhj nIqvi mgq n‡ZB Gi †jLvi
KvR Pj‡Z _v‡K| Lyjvdv‡q ivwk`x‡bi cÖ_g Ljxdv nhiZ Avey eKi wmwÏK (iv) I Z…Zxq Ljxdv nhiZ Dmgvb
(iv)-Gi Avg‡j KziAvb MÖš’ve×Ki‡Yi KvR P~ovšÍ iƒc jvf K‡i|

wkÿv_x©MY KziAvb MÖš’vq‡b cÖ_g Lwjdv I Z…Zxq Lwjdvi Ae`vb Zz‡j a‡i GKwU
A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
Av‡jvPbv mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiæb|
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1. KziAvb gvRx` Kvi Dci bvwhj n‡q‡Q ?
(K) nhiZ Av`g (Av.) (L) nhiZ gynv¤§` (m)
(M) nhiZ Cmv (Av.) (N) nhiZ g~mv (Av.)
2. Iwn †jL‡Ki msL¨v KZ wQj ?
(K) 10 Rb (L) 20 Rb
(M) 30 Rb (N) 42 Rb
3. we‡k¦i me©vwaK cwVZ MÖš’ †KvbwU ?
(K) Avj-KziAvb (L) mnxn eyLvix
(M) mnxn gymwjg (N) evB‡ej
4. gv`vbx m~ivi ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q-
i. m~iv¸‡jv AvKv‡i `xN© ii. AvKv‡i †QvU iii.AvnKv‡g kixq‡Zi eY©bvg~jK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii. (L) i I iii
(M)ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK-1
wMqvmDÏxb mv‡ne GKw`b Zuvi Av`‡ii bvwZ-bvZbx‡`i wb‡q GKwU MÖš’ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv KiwQ‡jb, hv
wek¦ cÖwZcvj‡Ki cÿ n‡Z bvwhj n‡q‡Q| G MÖš’wU bvwh‡ji mgq wewÿß Ae¯’vq wQj| wewfbœ DcKi‡Y Zv
msiwÿZ wQj| ciewZ©‡Z †mwU GKÎ Kiv nq| GB MÖš’wU m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c ÎæwUgy³| GwU h_vh_fv‡e wZjvIqvZ Ki‡j
A‡bK mvIqve i‡q‡Q| G MÖ‡š’i A‡bK¸‡jv my›`i my›`i bvg i‡q‡Q|
K. KziAvb gRx` KqwU c×wZ‡Z msiwÿZ n‡q‡Q ? 1
L. KziAvb msiÿ‡Y nhiZ Dmgv‡bi (iv) f~wgKv D‡jøL Kiæb | 2
M. cÖ_g Lwjdv nhiZ Ave~ eK‡ii (iv) hy‡M Kxfv‡e KziAv‡bi cvÐzwjwc cÖ¯‘Z n‡qwQj ? 3
N. KziAvb msiÿY Kivi c×wZ¸‡jv wK wK ? we‡kølY Kiæb| 4

BDwbU GK c„ôv-31
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

DÏxcK-2
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv gvbyl‡K `ye©j K‡i m„wó K‡i‡Qb| gvbyl †jLv-cov K‡i Áv‡bi kw³‡Z kw³gvb n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘
gvby‡li †h kvixwiK I gvbwmK `ye©jZv i‡q‡Q Zv KL‡bv `~i Kiv m¤¢e bq| ZvB gvbe iwPZ †h †Kvb MÖ‡š’ fzj
_vKv ¯^vfvweK| wKš‘ Avjøvni cÿ n‡Z bvwhjK…Z me©‡kl Avmgvwb wKZve me ai‡bi fzj-ÎæwUi D‡aŸ©| ZvB GB
wKZv‡ei mv‡_ P¨v‡jÄ Kivi mva¨ Kv‡iv †bB|
K. me©‡kl Avmgvwb wKZve Kx ? 1
L. ‫ اِﻧ ﱠﺎ ا َﻧْﺰَ ْﻟﻨَﮫُ ﻓ ِﻰ ﻟ َﯿْﻠ َﺔ ُ ْاﻟﻘ َﺪ ِْر‬-Gi e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 2
M. Kx Kvi‡Y KziAvb‡K me©‡kl Avmgvwb wKZve ejv nq ? 3
N. gyËvKxi cwiPq we‡kølY Kiæb| 4

DÏxcK-3
†h †Kvb †jLK †Kvb eB wjL‡Z †M‡j cÖ_‡gB Zvi f~wgKvq wKQz K_v f‚wgKv ¯^iƒc wj‡L _v‡Kb| A‡bK mgq eBwU
AwaKZi MÖnY‡hvM¨ K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ gvby‡li KvQ †_‡K civgk©I MÖnY Kiv n‡q _v‡K| GgbwK fzj-ÎæwUi Rb¨
ÿgv PvIqv nq Ges cieZ©x ms¯‹i‡Y Zv ms‡kvab K‡i †`Iqvi Rb¨ A½xKvi Kiv nq| wKš‘ Ggb GKwU MÖš’ i‡q‡Q
hv m¤ú~Yiƒ‡c fzj-ÎæwUi D‡aŸ©|
K. AvqvZ Kx ? 1
L. m~iv I AvqvZ Kq cÖKvi I wK wK ? 2
M. GUv †mB wKZve, G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB- e¨vL¨v Kiæb 3
N. KziAvb MÖš’vq‡bi c×wZ we‡kølY Kiæb| 4

DËigvjv: 1| L 2| N 3| K 4| N

BDwbU GK c„ôv-32
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

cvV-10: Avj-KziAvb wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡


D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb


 KzivAvb wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wn`vqvZ, wKZve, ie, gvwR`, nvki, nid|


gyL¨ kã (Key Words)
gnvMÖš’ Avj-KziAvb gvbeRvwZi wn`vqv‡Zi Rb¨ bvwhj n‡q‡Q| gvby‡li mvwe©K Rxeb cwiPvjbv Kivi
Rb¨ Avj-KziAv‡b cwic~Y© wb‡`©wkKv i‡q‡Q| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv gnvbwe (m) †K †cÖi‡Yi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨
n‡jv KziAvb wkÿv †`Iqv| Avj-KziAvb Av‡Q-
ْ‫ُﻮﻻ ﻣِ ﻨْﮭُﻢْ ﯾ َﺘ ْﻠ ُﻮ ﻋَﻠ َﯿْﮭِ ﻢْ آﯾ َﺎﺗ ِﻚَ َوﯾ ُﻌ َﻠِّﻤُﮭُﻢُ ْاﻟ ِﻜﺘ َﺎبَ َواﻟْﺤِ ﻜْﻤَ ﺔ َ َوﯾ ُﺰَ ﻛِّﯿﮭِ ﻢ‬
ً ‫َﺚ ﻓ ِﯿﮭِ ﻢْ رَ ﺳ‬
ْ ‫َرﺑﱠﻨَﺎ َواﺑْﻌ‬
Ò †n Avgv‡`i cÖf~ ! Avcwb Zv‡`i ga¨ n‡Z Ggb GKRb ivm~j †cÖiY K‡ib, whwb Zv‡`i wbKU Avcbvi AvqvZ
cvV Ki‡eb, Avcbvi wKZve I wnKgZ wkÿv †`‡eb Ges Zv‡`i‡K cweÎ Ki‡eb|Ó (m~iv evKviv)
KyiAvb Abyhvqx Rxebhvc‡bi Rb¨ KziAvb wkÿv Kiv Acwinvh©| nvw`m kwi‡d KziAv‡bi wkÿK I wkÿv_©x‡K
m‡e©vËg ejv n‡q‡Q|
ُ‫َﺧﯿْﺮﻛُﻢْ ﻣَﻦْ ﺗ َﻌ َﻠ َﱠﻢ اﻟْﻘ ُﺮْ آن َوﻋَﻠ ﱠﻤَ ﮫ‬
Ò†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ m‡e©vËg H e¨w³ †h KziAvb wkÿv K‡i Ges Aci‡K wkÿv †`q|Ó (mnxn& eyLvwi)
KziAvb wkÿvi cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡i gnvbex (m) e‡jb-
‫ب‬
ِ ‫ﺖ اﻟﺨ َِﺮ‬
ِ ‫آن ﻛَﺎ ﻟﺒ َ ْﯿ‬
ِ ْ‫ْﺲ ﻓﻲ ﺟَ ْﻮﻓ ِ ِﮫ ﺷ َْﻲءٌ ﻣِ ﻦَ اﻟﻘ ُﺮ‬
َ ‫إنﱠ اﻟ ﱠ ﺬِي ﻟ َﯿ‬
Òhvi g‡a¨ KziAv‡bi wKQz †bB †m ‡hb DRvo NiÓ
bvgv‡h KziAvb cvV Kiv dih weavq cÖ‡qvRb cwigvY KziAvb gRx` cÖ‡Z¨K bvgvhxi Rb¨ wkÿv Kiv di‡h AvBb|
KziAvb wkÿvi dwhjZ A‡bK| †hgb nvw`‡m ejv n‡q‡Q-
ُ‫اﻟ ﱠ ﺬِى ﯾ َﻘْﺮَ أ ُ اﻟْﻘ ُﺮْ آ نَ َو ھ َُﻮﻣَ ﺎھِﺮٌ ﺑ ِ ِﮫ ﻣَﻊَ ا ﻟ ﱠﺴﻔ َﺮَ ة ِ ا ْﻟﻜ َِﺮ امِ ْاﻟﺒ ََﺮرَ ة ِ َواﻟ ﱠ ﺬِىﯾ ََﻘْﺮ ُؤه ُ َوھ َُﻮ ﯾ َ ْﺸﺘَﺪ ﱡ ﻋَﻠ َ ْﯿ ِﮫ ﻓ َﻠ َﮫ‬
‫ان‬ِ َ‫أ َﺟْ ﺮ‬
Ò†h e¨w³ KziAvb cvV K‡i Ges Zv‡Z †m AwfÁ, †m D”P gh©v`v m¤úbœ †d‡ikZvi msMx n‡e Avi †h e¨w³
KziAvb cv‡Vi mgq AvU‡K hvq Ges Kó K‡i c‡o Zvi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q wظY mvIqve|Ó (Avey `vD`)
nvw`‡m Av‡iv AvQ-
ِ ‫آن ھ ُﻢْ أ َ ْھ ُﻞ ﱠ‬
ِ ْ‫ﱠﺎس ﻗ َﺎ َل ﻗ ِﯿ َﻞ ﻣَﻦْ ھ ُﻢْ ﯾ َﺎ َرﺳُﻮ َل ﱠ ِ ﻗ َﺎ َل أ َ ْھ ُﻞ اﻟْﻘ ُﺮ‬
ِ ‫إ ِنﱠ ِ ﱠ ِ ﻋَﺰﱠ َوﺟَ َ ﱠﻞ ْھﻠأِﯿﻦَ ﻣِ ﻦْ اﻟﻨ‬
ُ‫ﺻﺘ ُﮫ‬
‫َوﺧَﺎ ﱠ‬
Òwbðq gvby‡li ga¨ n‡Z Avjøvni GK`j Avnj Av‡Q| ejv n‡jv, †n Avjøvni ivm~j (m) ! Zviv Kviv ? wZwb
ej‡jb, hviv KziAv‡bi Avnj, ZvivB Avjøvni Avnj I we‡kl †jvK|Ó (gybv‡` Avngv`)
KziAvb wkL‡j Ges Zv wZjvIqvZ Ki‡j A‡bK mvIqve cvIqv hvq| nvw`m kwi‡d Av‡QÑ
: ْ‫ َوﻟﻜِﻦ‬، ٌ‫ أﻟﻢ ﺣَﺮف‬: ‫ ﻻ َ أﻗﻮل‬، ‫ َواﻟﺤَﺴَ ﻨَﺔ ُ ﺑ ِﻌ َﺸ ِْﺮ أﻣْ ﺜ َﺎﻟِﮭَﺎ‬، ٌ ‫ب ﷲ ِ ﻓ َﻠ َﮫُ ﺣَﺴَ ﻨَﺔ‬
ِ ‫ﻣَﻦْ ﻗ ََﺮأ ﺣَ ﺮْ ﻓﺎ ً ﻣِ ﻦْ ِﻛﺘ َﺎ‬
ٌ‫ َوﻣِ ﯿﻢٌ ﺣَﺮْ ف‬، ٌ‫ َوﻻ َمٌ ﺣَ ﺮْ ف‬، ٌ‫أﻟِﻒٌ ﺣَﺮْ ف‬

BDwbU GK c„ôv-33
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

Ò †h e¨w³ Avjøvni wKZve n‡Z 1wU nid cvV Ki‡e †m 1wU †bwK jvf Ki‡e Ges GKwU †bwK‡K `k¸Y e„w× K‡i
†`Iqv n‡e| Avwg ewj bv Avwjd-jvg-gxg GKwU nid| eis Avwjd GKwU nid jvg GKwU nid Ges gxg GKwU
nid|Ó (wZiwghx)

mvims‡ÿc
me©‡kÖô I me©‡kl Avmgvbx wKZve cweÎ KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Z AdzišÍ I Acwimxg dwhjZ i‡q‡Q| bdj Bev`v‡Zi g‡a¨
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ n‡”Q m‡e©vËg| KziAvb wZjvIqvZKvix hw` wZjvIqv‡Zi Kvi‡Y Avjøvni whKi I Zuvi Kv‡Q `yÔAv Kivi
Aemi bv cvq Zvn‡j Zv‡K Av‡iv wKQz `vb K‡i _v‡Kb| KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g AdzišÍ mIqve nvwmj nq| KziAvb
wZjvIqvZKvix Avjøvni wbKU †kÖô gh©v`v I m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix nq| wKqvg‡Zi w`b KziAvb Zvi wZjvIqvZKvixi Rb¨
mycvwik Ki‡e| KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Avjøvni mš‘wó I AbyMÖn jvf Kiv hvq| KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g
ciKvjxb gyw³i c_ myMg nq| KziAv‡bi wbôvevb wZjvIqvZKvix‡K Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zvi mvwe©K DbœwZi c_ myMg K‡i
†`b| KziAvb wZjvIqvZKvix I Z`byhvqx AvgjKvix e¨w³i gv-evev‡K Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv wKqvg‡Zi w`b b~‡ii ZvR civ‡eb|
KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g cÖkvwšÍ AwR©Z nq| AZGe cÖwZwU gvby‡li KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kiv I Z`byhvqx Avgj Kiv
DwPZ|

A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi) wkÿv_©xMY, ÔAvj-KziAvb wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡ AcwimxgÕ G wel‡q ci¯úi Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1. Avj-KziAvb bvwh‡ji Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q-
(K) gvbeRvwZ‡K wn`vqvZ `vb (L) gvbeRvwZ‡K `ywbqv`vi Kiv
(M) mZ¨-wg_¨vi gv‡S cv_©K¨ wbY©q Kiv (N) K I M mwVK
2. m~iv Avj-evKviv Avj-KziAv‡bi
(K) 2q m~iv (L) 5g m~iv (M) 19 Zg m~iv (N) 68 Zg m~iv
3. hvi AšÍ‡i KziAv‡b †Kvb Ask †bB Zv‡K Zzjbv Kiv n‡”Q-
(K) cwiZ¨³ wfUvi mv‡_ (L) DRvo evwoi mv‡_
(M) AvaywbKZvi mv‡_ (N) DËi K I L mwVK
4. Avj-KziAv‡bi GKwU nid cv‡V KqwU †bKx nq ?
(K) 7 wU (L) 10wU (M) 15wU (N) 20wU
wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co–b Ges 5 I 6bs cÖ‡kœi DËi w`b-
Avãyi ingvb mv‡n‡ei `yB †Q‡j GK †g‡q| †QvU †Q‡ji bvg gvwnb| eqm 7eQi| †m wbqwgZ ¯‹z‡j hvq| wKš‘
mKvj †ejv KziAvb †kLvi Rb¨ gKZ‡e †h‡Z Pvq bv| G welqwU Bgvg mv‡ne‡K Rvbv‡jb| Bgvg mv‡ne GKw`b
dR‡ii bvgv‡hi ci Ave`yi ingvb mv‡n‡ei evwo‡Z G‡m †`L‡Z †c‡jb †QvU †Q‡j gKZ‡e bv wM‡q Kw¤úDUv‡i
†Mg †Lj‡Q| Bnv †`‡L Bgvg mv‡ne Zv‡K KziAvb wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡ eySv‡jb Ges Zv‡K KziAv‡bi wKQz Ask cov‡jb|
Gi ci †m g³‡e †h‡Z AvMÖnx n‡q D‡V|
5| KziAvb cov‡bvi Kvi‡b Bgvg mv‡ne Kxiƒc gh©v`v jvf Ki‡eb ?
(K) †kÖô‡Z¡i (L) wkÿK nIqvi
(M) fv‡jv gvby‡li (N) Dc‡`k Kvixi

BDwbU GK c„ôv-34
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

6| gvwn‡bi KziAvb †kLvi d‡j


i.m‡e©vËg e¨w³‡Z cwiYZ n‡e ii. †bKKvi †jvK‡`i mv_x n‡e
iii. my c‡_ cwiPvwjZ n‡e|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii (M) i I iii (N) i, ii I iii
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK,
nv‡dh Ave`yj KvBqyg ˆkkeKv‡j cweÎ KziAvb wndh K‡i‡Qb| Zvici KziAv‡bi wkÿv msµvšÍ Ávb AR©b
K‡i‡Qb| wZwb cÖwZw`b mKvj-weKvj KziAvb wZjvIqvZ K‡ib| wZwb GLb GKwU wndh gv`ivmvq Qv·`i‡K
bv‡Riv Ges wndh wkÿv `vb Ki‡Qb| wZwb Avj-KziAv‡bi wewa-weavb wZwb cvjb Kivi †Póv Ki‡Qb| wZwb
KziAv‡bi cwicš’x †Kvb KvR K‡ib bv| GjvKvevmx Zv‡K GKRb mr, mZ¨ev`x, ci‡nRMvi I gyËvKx wn‡m‡e
Rv‡b| Zvi cwiev‡ii gv‡S Avw_©K Am”QjZv _vK‡jI wZwb KziAvb wkÿv`v‡bi g‡Zv gnvb †ckv †_‡K wePy¨Z
nbwb| Z`ycwi wZwb cwiev‡ii mKj‡K KziAvb wkÿv MÖnY I wkÿv `vb Kv‡R AvZ¥wb‡qvM Kivi Rb¨ Drmvn cÖ`vb
K‡ib|
K. Avj-KziAvb KZ wLªóv‡ã bvwhj nIqv ïiy nq ? 1
L. Avj-KziAv‡b cÖwZwU eY© cvV Ki‡j Kx cwigvY mIqve cvIqv hvq ? 2
M. nv‡dh Ave`yj KvBqyg mv‡ne‡K Kx m‡e©vËg gvbyl ejv hvq ? Avcbvi gZvgZ e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Avj-KziAvb wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiæb 4

DËigvjv: 1| N, 2| K, 3|L, 4| L 5| K 6| N

cvV-11: Avj-KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi dhxjZ


D‡Ïk¨
G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb-
 KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi dhxjZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
 KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

dhxjZ, bdj Bev`vZ, mvIqve, mycvwik, †bKx, mš¿vm, wZjvIqvZ, nid|


gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

4.1 m‡e©vËg Bev`vZ


gvbe RvwZi mKj mgm¨vi myôz mgvavb Dc¯’vc‡bi j‡¶¨B Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Avj-KziAvb bvwhj
K‡i‡Qb| myZivs KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqvZ I Aa¨q‡bi gva¨‡gB Gi gg© ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Avgj Kiv
m¤¢e| G Kvi‡YB KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqv‡Zi dhxjZ AdzišÍ | gnvbex (m) KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqv‡Zi e¨vcv‡i
LyeB ZvwK` w`‡q‡Qb| bdj Bev`v‡Zi g‡a¨ m‡e©vËg Bev`vZ n‡”Q KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqvZ| gnvbex (m) e‡jbÑ

ÒKziAvb wZjvIqvZ m‡e©vËg Bev`vZ|Ó

BDwbU GK c„ôv-35
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

nhiZ Dmgvb (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb (m) e‡j‡Qb: Avjøvn e‡jb, †h e¨w³ KziAvb wb‡q e¨¯Í _vKvi `iæb Avgvi
whwKi Kiv Ges Avgvi mgx‡c cÖv_©bv Kivi Aemi cvq bv, Zv‡K H mKj †jv‡Ki †P‡q †ewk wKQy `vb K‡i _vwK,
hviv cÖv_©bv K‡i _v‡K|Ó (RvwgDZ wZiwghx)
KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g AdzišÍ mvIqve nvwmj nq| gnvbex (m) e‡jb- Ò†h e¨w³ KziAv‡bi GKwU
nid wZjvIqvZ Ki‡e †m `kwU mvIqve jvf Ki‡e|Ó
KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g KiæYvgq Avjøvni wbKU †kªô gh©v`v I m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix nIqv hvq| gnvbex
(m) e‡jb-

Ò†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †mB e¨w³ †kªô gh©v`vi AwaKvix †h KziAvb wk¶v K‡i Ges Aci‡K wk¶v †`q|Ó (mnxn eyLvix)
gnvbex (m) Av‡iv e‡jb-
‫ ﻓ َﺈ ِﻧ ﱠﮫُ ﯾ َﺄ ْ ﺗ ِﻲ ﺷَﺎﻓ ِﻌ ًﺎ ﻷ َﺻْﺤَﺎﺑ ِ ِﮫ‬، َ‫اﻗْﺮأ ُوا اﻟْﻘ ُﺮْ آن‬
َ
Ò†Zvgiv KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Ki, †Kb bv Zv wZjvIqvZKvixi Rb¨ mycvwik Ki‡e|Ó (Zvevivbx)
KziAv‡b †h `¶ Zvi Rb¨ †Zv cyi¯‹vi Av‡QB, GgbwK KziAvb †h cvV Ki‡Z cv‡i bv eis cv‡Vi Rb¨ †Póv-mvabv
K‡i, Zvi Rb¨ wظY cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q| gnvbex (m) e‡j‡Qb- ÒKziAvb cv‡V `¶ e¨w³ m¤§vwbZ cyY¨ †jLK
†d‡ikZv‡`i m½x| Avi †h e¨w³ KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Z `¶ bq, A_P cvV Ki‡Z wM‡q evi evi AvU‡K hvq Ges
†ZvZjvq, Avi Zvi Rb¨ Zv Kómva¨ nq- Z‡e Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ wظY cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q|Ó (mnxn eyLvix I mnxn
gymwjg)

4.2 Avjøvni mšÍzwó I AbyMÖn cvevi gva¨g


KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Avjøvni mšÍzwó I AbyMÖn cvIqv hvq|
gnvbex (m) e‡jb- Ò†Kvb RvwZ hLb †Kvb N‡i mg‡eZ n‡q Avjøvni wKZve wZjvIqvZ Ki‡Z _v‡K Ges
ci¯úi‡K wk¶v`vb Ki‡Z _v‡K, ZLb Avjøvni ingZ I KiæYvaviv Zv‡`i‡K Ave„Z K‡i iv‡L| ing‡Zi
†d‡ikZviv Zv‡`i‡K cwi‡eób K‡i iv‡L| GgbwK ¯^qs Avjøvn Zuvi wbKU¯’‡`i mv‡_ Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv
(Me©) K‡i _v‡Kb|Ó
gnvbex (m) Av‡iv e‡jb-
Òhw` †Kvb e¨w³ Avjøvni m‡½ K_v ej‡Z B”Qv K‡i, †m e¨w³ †hb KziAvb wZjvIqvZ K‡i|Ó (gymwjg)
KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g BnKvjxb Rxe‡b kÎæi nvZ n‡Z wbivcËv jvf Kiv hvq|
KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g ciKvjxb gyw³i c_ myMg nq| nhiZ Avjx (iv) eY©bv K‡i‡Qb-
Ò†h e¨w³ KziAvb wZjvIqvZ K‡i I Zv Kɯ’ K‡i Avi Zv‡Z ewY©Z nvjvj‡K nvjvj Ges nvivg‡K nvivg wn‡m‡e
†g‡b P‡j, Avjøvn Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z ¯’vb †`‡eb| Z`ycwi Zuvi ¯^Rb‡`i ga¨ n‡Z `kRb †jv‡Ki Rb¨ Zvi mycvwik
gÄyi Kiv n‡e, hv‡`i Rb¨ †`vh‡Li dqmvjv n‡q wM‡qwQj|Ó (wgkKvZ)
†h e¨w³ wbôvi mv‡_ KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Ki‡e, KiæYvgq Avjøvn Zuvi mvwe©K DbœwZi hveZxq c_ myMg K‡i †`‡eb|
gnvbex (m) e‡jb- ÒKziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi eiK‡Z eû †jvK DbœwZ jvf Ki‡e Ges KziAvb‡K Ae‡njvi Kvi‡Y eû
†jvK AcgvwbZ n‡e|Ó (wgkKvZ)
KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g gvby‡li AšÍ‡ii gwiPv `~i nq Ges ü`‡q cÖkvwšÍ Av‡m| gnvbexi (m) nv`xm-
ÒAšÍimg~‡n gwiPv a‡i, †hfv‡e †jvnvq cvwb jvM‡j gwiPv a‡i| Zuv‡K wRÁvmv Kiv nj, †n ivm~j! (m) Gi
cÖwZ‡laK Kx ? gnvbex (m) ej‡jb, †ewk †ewk g„Zz¨i K_v ¯§iY Ges KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Kiv|Ó (wgkKvZ)

BDwbU GK c„ôv-36
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

gnvbex (m) e‡jb- Ò†h e¨w³ KziAvb cvV K‡i Ges Z`byhvqx Rxeb cwiPvjbv K‡i, wKqvg‡Zi w`‡b Zvi wcZv-
gvZv‡K m~‡h©i †P‡qI AwaKZi Av‡jvwKZ gyKzU civ‡bv n‡e|Ó (wgkKvZ)
gnvbex (m) Av‡iv e‡jb, ÒwKqvg‡Zi w`b KziAvb wZjvIqvZKvix‡K ejv n‡e KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Ki‡Z _vK Avi
†e‡nk‡Zi Dc‡i DV‡Z _vK|Ó (wgkKvZ)
4.3 ü`‡q cÖkvwšÍ jv‡fi Dcvq
KziAvb wZjvIqvZ g‡b cÖkvwšÍ Avbqb K‡i| Gi d‡j Avjøvni ingZ bvwhj nq Ges Avjøvni ¯§iY g‡b
RvMiƒK _v‡K|

mvims‡ÿc
KziAvb gvRx` wek¦gvbeZvi gyw³i gnv mb`| KziAvb †hgwbfv‡e AZxe gh©v`vi AwaKvix MÖš’, †Zgwbfv‡e Gi
wZjvIqvZKvixi gh©v`vI †ewk| Avj-KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g gvbe g‡bi mKj Kvwjgv `~i n‡q cweÎ
fveavivq weKwkZ nq| wek¦mfvq gymwjg RvwZi Afz¨Ìv‡bi cÖvYkw³B wQj Avj-KziAvbyj Kvixg| AZGe cÖwZwU
gvby‡li DwPZ, G eiKZgq MÖš’ wbqwgZ wZjvIqvZ Ges Z`byhvqx Rxeb hvcb Kiv|

KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi dhxjZ msµvšÍ 05wU nvw`m wjLyb Ges gyL¯’ ejyb|
A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1| wZjvIqvZ k‡ãi A_© Kx ?
(K) Ave„wË Kiv (L) †kvbv (M) †`Lv (N) eySv
2. KziAvb gvRx` †evSv hvq-
(K) wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g (L) wZjvIqvZ †kvbvi gva¨‡g
(M) Ggwb Ggwb (N) Aviwe Rvbvi gva¨‡g
3.KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqv‡Z GZ †ewk QvIqve †Kb ?
(K) GUv Avjøvni Kvjvg (L) wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g †evSv m¤¢e nq
(M) wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g ev¯Íe Rxe‡b AbymiY Kiv m¤¢e nq
(N) me DËi wVK
4. KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g-
(K) AdzišÍ mvIqve cvIqv hvq (L) Avjøvni wbKU m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix nIqv hvq
(M) Avjøvni fvjevmv I mš‘wó jvf Kiv hvq (N) me DËi wVK
5. KziAv‡bi Kx wZjvIqvZ Ki‡j `kwU †bKx cvIqv hvq|
(K) GKwU Aÿi (L) GKwU AvqvZ
(M) GKwU m~iv (N) GKwU kã
6. gvby‡li BnKvjxb Kj¨vY I ciKvjxb gyw³i w`kvix Kx-
(K) Avj-KziAvb (L) MYZš¿
(M) bex‡`i Av`k© (N) Avmgvwb wKZve

BDwbU GK c„ôv-37
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

7. KziAvb wZjvIqvZ n‡jv-


i. m‡e©vËg Bev`vZ ii. Avjøvni mš‘wó jv‡fi gva¨g iii. ü`‡q cÖkvwšÍ jv‡fi Dcvq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i I ii (L) ii I iii (M) i I iii (N) i, ii I iii
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK,
gvIjvbv iyKb DÏxb 6Zjv wewkó fe‡bi 3 Zjvq emevm K‡ib| wZwb GKRb wkÿK| Zvi cÖwZ‡ewk Rybv‡q`
†nv‡mb GKRb e¨emvqx| gvIjvbv iyKb DÏxb cÖwZw`b dR‡ii bvgv‡h Rvgvqv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqvi Rb¨ cÖwZ‡ewk‡`i
WvKvWvwK K‡ib | Zvi Wv‡K A‡b‡KB mvov †`b| GKw`b Rybv‡q` †nv‡mb ej‡jb, Avwg mnxn-ï× K‡i KziAvb
wZjvIqvZ Ki‡Z cvwi bv| gvIjvbv iyKb DÏxb ej‡jb, Avwg Avcbv‡K mnxn-ï× K‡i KziAvb wZjvIqvZ Ki‡Z
mn‡hvwMZv Kie| G j‡ÿ wZwb cÖwZw`b dR‡ii bvgv‡hi ci Rybv‡q` †nv‡mb‡K GK N›Uv K‡i KziAvb cov‡Z ïiæ
Ki‡jb| Zuvi †`Lv‡`wL Ab¨ivI KziAvb cv‡V AskMÖnY K‡i|
K. KziAvb cv‡Ki GKwU nid cv‡Vi Rb¨ KqwU †bKx cvIqv hvq ? 1
L.Ô KziAvb wZjvIqvZ m‡e©vËg Bev`ZÕ e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 2
M. gvIjvbv iyKb DÏxb mv‡ne KZ©„K wZjvIqvZ Ki‡Z mn‡hvwMZv
Kivi †ÿ‡Î †Kvb welqwU AbycÖvwYZ K‡i‡Q ? 3
N. ÔKziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g mvwe©K DbœwZ jvf Kiv hvqÕ- we‡kølY Kiæb| 4

DËigvjv: 1| K 2| N 3| N 4| N 5| K 6| K

cvV-12: Av`k© Rxeb MV‡b Avj-KziAv‡bi Ae`vb


D‡Ïk¨
G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb
 Av`k© mgvR MV‡b Avj-KziAv‡bi Ae`vb e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
 Rxe‡bi wewfbœ w`‡Ki mgvavb Kxfv‡e KziAv‡b Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q, Zv ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

Avjøvni cÖwZwbwa, Avkivdzj gvLjyKvZ|


gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

c„w_ex‡Z gvbyl hv‡Z mZ¨-mij c‡_ cwiPvwjZ n‡q Av`k© mgvR MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i †m Rb¨ Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjv hy‡M-hy‡M AMwYZ bex-ivm~j cvwV‡q‡Qb| nhiZ Av`g (Av) †_‡K nhiZ Cmv (Av) ch©šÍ
A‡bK¸‡jv Avmgvwb wKZve bvwhj n‡q‡Q| ZviB avivevwnKZvq me©‡kl Avmgvwb wKZve Avj-KziAvb
bvwhj n‡q‡Q| mKj Avmgvwb MÖ‡š’i wbh©vm n‡”Q Avj-KziAvb| MÖš’wU wKqvgZ ch©šÍ mKj †`‡ki mKj RvwZi
mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb w`‡Z mÿg|
Av`k© mgvR MV‡b Avj-KziAv‡bi Ae`vb
1. e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b
e¨w³ †_‡K ïiæ nq cwievi, Zvici mgvR| e¨w³ Rxeb hw` my¯’, my›`i I Av`k©evb nq Zvn‡j my¯’-my›`i I Av`k©
mgvR M‡o D‡V| Avj-KziAv‡b e¨w³ Rxe‡bi mgm¨v mgvav‡bi wel‡q Av‡jvPbv i‡q‡Q| gvby‡li AKx`v-wek¦vm I

BDwbU GK c„ôv-38
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

jÿ¨ wba©vi‡Yi wbf©i K‡i Zvi Rxe‡bi myL-kvwšÍ, DbœwZ Ges gyw³| Avj-KziAvb gvbe m„wói D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b
†i‡L, wkiK, we`ÔAvZ, Kzdwi, gybv‡dKx, wnsmv-we‡Øl, †PvMjLyix, Pzwi, WvKvwZ, ivnvRvwb, wg_¨v, AkøxjZv, Lyb-
Lvivwe cÖf…wZ AcKg© †_‡K gy³ †_‡K e¨w³ Rxeb‡K my›`i I Av`k©evb Kivi ZvwM` w`‡q‡Qb| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv
e‡jb-
‫ َوﻗ َ ْﺪ ﺧَﺎبَ ﻣَﻦْ د َﺳﱠﺎھَﺎ‬. ‫ ﻗ َ ْﺪ أ َﻓْﻠ َﺢَ ﻣَﻦْ زَ ﻛﱠﺎھَﺎ‬. ‫ُﺠُﻮرھَﺎ َوﺗ ََﻘْﻮاھَﺎ‬
َ ‫ ﻓ َﺄ َﻟْﮭَﻤَﮭَﺎ ﻓ‬. ‫ﻔْﺲ َوﻣَ ﺎ ﺳَﻮﱠ اھَﺎ‬
ٍ َ‫َوﻧ‬
Ògvby‡li bd‡mi I †mB mËvi kc_, whwb Zv myVvg K‡i‡Qb| c‡i Zv‡K Zvi AmrKg© I mrK‡g©i Ávb `vb
K‡i‡Qb| †h wb‡R‡K cweÎ K‡i †mB mdjKvg nq| Avi †h wb‡R‡K KjywlZ K‡i †mB e¨_©¨ nqÓ| (m~iv kvg&m-
91:7-10)
2. cvwievwiK Rxe‡b
cwievi n‡jv mvgvwRK Rxe‡bi wfwË| Bmjvg cvwievwiK Rxeb e¨e¯’vi Dci ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| cvwievwiK Rxeb
e¨e¯’v‡K my›`i I my`„p Kivi Rb¨ Avj-KziAv‡b eû weavb i‡q‡Q| gvbe esk e„w×i Rb¨ Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Avj-
KziAv‡bi gva¨‡g cweÎ I Kjylgy³ `v¤úZ¨ Rxeb hvc‡bi Rb¨ ˆeevwnK e¨e¯’vi weavb w`‡q‡Qb| Ab¨vq I nvivg
c‡_ Pjv Ges AmvgvwRK KvR‡K wPiZ‡i wbwl× †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Bmjvg weevn e¨e¯’vi gva¨‡g gvbe-gvbwei
PwiÎ cweÎ ivLvi e¨e¯’v K‡i‡Q| gvbe gh©v`v I gvbe eskavivi cweÎZv iÿvi †ÿ‡Î ev¯ÍewfwËK I weÁvb m¤§Z
e¨e¯’v Dcnvi w`‡q‡Q| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb-
ً ‫ﺧَﻠ ﻟ ََﻖَﻜُﻢْ ﻣِ ﻦْ أ َ ْﻧﻔ ُ ِﺴﻜُﻢْ أ َزْ َواﺟًﺎ ِﻟﺘ َ ْﺴ ُﻜﻨ ُﻮا إ ِﻟ َﯿْﮭَﺎ َوﺟَﻌ َ َﻞ ﺑ َ ْﯿﻨَﻜُﻢْ ﻣَ َﻮدﱠة ً َورَ ﺣْ ﻤَ ﺔ‬
Ò†Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i ¯^RvwZ‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡K Rywo m„wó K‡i‡Qb, hv‡Z †Zvgiv Zv‡`i Kv‡Q cig cÖkvwšÍ jvf
Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK fv‡jvevmv I `qv m„wó K‡i‡QbÓ (m~iv iƒg-30:21)
3. mvgvwRK Rxe‡b
m„wói cÖ_g †_‡KB mgvRe× n‡q emevm Ki‡Z wM‡q gvbyl bvbvwea mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡”Q| mvgvwRK Rxeb hvcb
wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ hveZxq AvbPvi AZ¨vPvi, AwePvi, †kvlY, wbh©vZb, SMov-weev`mn me ai‡bi AmvgvwRK
Kvh©Kjvc wbwl× †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| mgv‡Ri mKj gvby‡li mv‡_ mrfve eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb I
cÖwZ‡ewki AwaKvi wbwðZ K‡i‡Q Avj-KziAvb| Avj-KziAv‡b Dc¯’vwcZ mvgvwRK weavb cÖwZwôZ n‡j mgvR
Rxe‡b †Kvb mgm¨vB _vK‡e bv| kvwšÍi mgv‡R cwiYZ n‡e|
4. ivóªxq Rxe‡b
mgv‡Ri e„nËi msMVb n‡jv ivóª| ivóªxq Rxe‡bi myL-kvwšÍ I mg„w× wbf©i K‡i miKvi I cÖRv mvavi‡Yi gv‡S
mygayi m¤úK©, AvBb k„sLjvi weavb Ges cvi¯úwiK msnwZi Dci| Avj-KziAvb miKvi I miKvi cÖavb‡K
RbM‡Yi m‡½ civgk© K‡i ivóª cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ ïiv wfwËK kvmbe¨e¯’v Kv‡q‡gi wb‡`©kbv `vb K‡i‡Q|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb- ÒGes Kv‡R-K‡g© Avcwb Zv‡`i mv‡_ civgk© KiæbÓ (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb, 3:159)
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv n‡jb DËg weavb`vZv| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv gvbyl‡K Zuvi Lwjdv ev cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e cvwV‡q‡Qb| ZvB
gvby‡li wb‡Ri AvBb ˆZwi Kivi AwaKvi †bB| gvby‡li KvR n‡jv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi †`Iqv cÖ‡Z¨KwU weavb cvjb
Kiv| Avjøvni weav‡bi †Kvb cÿcvwZZ¡ †bB| †mB weavb Abyhvqx ivóª cwiPvwjZ n‡j gvbyl myL kvwšÍ I wbivcËv
jvf Ki‡e|
5. AvšÍR©vwZK Rxe‡b
wek¦ gvbe mgv‡Ri e„nËi A½b n‡”Q AvšÍR©vwZKZv| gvby‡li AvšÍR©vwZK Rxe‡bi myL-kvwšÍ wef©i K‡i we‡k¦i
wewfbœ †`k, ivóª I RvwZi cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZv, mnvbyf~wZ I kvwšÍc~Y© mnve¯’v‡bi Dci| †Kbbv c„w_ex‡Z i‡q‡Q
iKgvwi, fvlv, eY©, ag©, ms¯‹…wZ, wkÿv mf¨Zv I RvZxqZv| ZvB Bmjvg ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ mnbwkjZv I gvbe †cÖ‡gi
bxwZ AbymiY Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q| mKj RvwZ I iv‡óªi mv‡_ kvwšÍc~Yf © v‡e mnve¯’vbB n‡”Q Bmjv‡gi g~jK_v|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-39
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

mKj gvbylB Avjøvni ev›`v I Av`g mšÍvb| AZGe we‡k¦i mKj gvbyl‡K åvZ…‡Z¡i e܇b Ave× K‡i mKj gvby‡li
g½j Kvgbv KivB Bmjv‡gi bxwZ| webv Aciv‡a `ywbqvi †h †Kvb gvbyl‡K kvw¯Í ev Kó †`Iqv gnvcvc| Avi †m †h
†Kvb ag©, eY© †MvÎ, fvlv I RvwZi †nvK bv †Kb|
Bmjvwg AšÍR©vwZKZvev‡`i g~jxwZ n‡jv- mwÜ I mnve¯’vb, AvkÖqcÖv_©x‡K AvkÖq`vb, Ab¨ RvwZi mv‡_ eÜzm~jf
AvPiY, AvšÍR©vwZK b¨vqwePvi cÖwZôv Ges gRjyg gymjgvb‡K mvnvh¨ Kiv| wØ-gyLx RvwZ
6. ivR‰bwZK Rxe‡b
gvbyl AvR Bmjv‡gi QvqvZj †_‡K `~‡i m‡i hvIqvq bvbvwea mgm¨vq RR©wiZ n‡”Q| gvbyl G mKj mgm¨v †_‡K
DËi‡Yi Rb¨ bvbvwea AvBb cÖYqY K‡i‡Q| KziAvb-nvw`‡mi wkÿv I g~j¨‡eva‡K ev` w`‡q c„w_exi wewfbœ Rbc‡`
Amr †jv‡Kiv †`k kvmb Ki‡Q| d‡j mgm¨v Av‡iv RwUj n‡Z RwUjZi n‡”Q| KviY gvby‡li mmxg Ávb w`‡q
KL‡bv mK‡ji ¯^v_© iÿv n‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB ivR‰bwZK Rxe‡b ivóª cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î KziAv‡bi weavbB n‡Z n‡e
mKj Kg©Kv‡Ði g~j Drm| hw` Zv bv Kiv nq Z‡e ivR‰bwZK Rxeb KjywlZ, mxgvnxb `yb©xwZ I †kvlY-eÂbvi
wkKvi n‡e
7. ag©xq I Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxe‡b
gvbyl †Kej †`n me©¯^ Rxe bq| ag©xq I Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxeb gvby‡li Rb¨ LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`K| Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxe‡bi
mgm¨vewji mwVK I wbf©j y mgvavb i‡q‡Q Avj-KziAv‡b| Avj-KziAv‡b ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, Ò†n gvbeRvwZ!
†Zvgv‡`i wbKU †Zvgvi cÖfyi cÿ †_‡K Dc‡`k I †Zvgv‡`i AšÍ‡i hv Av‡Q Zvi Av‡ivM¨ Ges gywgb‡`i Rb¨
wn`vqvZ I ingZ| (m~iv BDbym-10 : 57)
8. A_©‰bwZK Rxe‡b
Avj-KziAv‡b A_©‰bwZK eû wel‡qi myôz I wbi‡cÿ mgvavb i‡q‡Q| Avj-KziAvb A_©‰bwZK fvimvg¨ eRvq ivLvi
†h bxwZgvjv †ck K‡i‡Q Zv AbymiY Ki‡j mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ abx-Mix‡ei e¨eavb K‡g Avm‡e| Bmjvg my` cÖ_vi
we‡jvc mvab K‡i hvKvZ e¨e¯’v Pvjy K‡i‡Q| A‰ea DcvR©b‡K Bmjvg wPiZ‡i wbwl× K‡i‡Q| Mixe-wgmKxb,
Abv_ I Amnvq‡`i Rb¨ wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii `vb I mv`vKvi weavb w`‡q‡Q| Bmjvg Pvq bv †h, gywó‡gq †jv‡Ki nv‡Z
m¤ú` KzwÿMZ n‡q _vKzK| Bmjvg m¤ú` e›U‡bi e¨vcv‡i †h wPi¯’vqx I D`vibxwZ †NvlYv K‡i‡Q Zv mgv‡R
cÖwZwôZ n‡j gvbyl GB c„w_ex‡Z kvwšÍgq mgvR M‡o Zzj‡Z cvi‡e|
Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, Avj-KziAvb gvbeRxe‡bi hveZxq mgm¨vi mgvavb Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Q
Avj-KziAvb GK wek¦Rbxb I mvgwMÖK Kj¨vYKi Rxeb|

mvims‡ÿc
Avj-KziAvb gvby‡li mKj mgm¨vi †gvKv‡ejv K‡i AÜKviv”Qbœ c„w_ex‡K Av‡jvi c‡_ G‡b‡Q| †Kbbv, Avj-
KziAv‡b i‡q‡Q mKj mgm¨vi †gŠwjK mgvavb| Avj-KziAvb e¨w³ Rxeb, cvwievwiK Rxeb, RvZxq, AvšÍR©vwZK,
ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, ivóªxq, mvs¯‹w… ZK, ag©xq Ges Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU Aa¨vq I wefv‡M wewfbœ mgm¨vi
mwVK, h_v_© I hy‡MvchyMx mgvavb w`‡q‡Q| G cweÎ MÖ‡š’ Rxeb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi †h †gŠjbxwZgvjv wee„Z n‡q‡Q,
gnvbex nhiZ gynv¤§v` (m) Zuvi Rxe‡b Zv AbymiY, Abykxjb I ev¯Íevqb K‡i wek¦gvbeZvi m¤§y‡L GKwU Av`k©
Dc¯’vcb K‡i †M‡Qb, hv AbymiY Ki‡j †h †Kvb mgvR Av`k© mgvR wn‡m‡e cÖwZôv jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿv_©xMY, ÔAvj-KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Av`k© Rxeb MVbÕ kxl©K †mwgbvi kxl©K GKwU
cÖeÜ iPbv Ki‡eb| †kÖwY K‡ÿ welq wkÿ‡Ki mnvqZvq GKwU †mwgbv‡ii Av‡qvRb
A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
K‡i Zv Dc¯’vcb Ki‡eb| Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv_©xiv Zv ïb‡eb Ges gZvgZ w`‡q cÖeÜwU‡K
/wkÿv_©xi KvR Av‡iv mg„× Ki‡eb|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-40
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1| Rxeb mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi bxwZgvjv wee„Z n‡q‡Q †Kvb MÖ‡š’ ?
(K) Avj-KziAv‡b (L) eyLvix kix‡d
(M) ZvIiv‡Z (N) BwbwR‡j
2| †Kvb Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g gvbevZ¥v cÖkvwšÍ jvf K‡i ?
i.Avjøvni ¯§i‡Yi gva¨‡g
ii. hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g
iii. msmvi, ag© cvj‡bi gva¨‡g|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
(K) i (L) i I ii
(M) ii I iii (N) i, ii I iii
3| Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z RNb¨ KvR †Kvb&¸‡jv ?
(K) Pzwi-WvKvwZ Kiv (L) wg_¨v ejv I †auvKv †`Iqv
(M) e¨wfPvi I †ek¨ve„wË (N) me¸‡jv DËi mwVK

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK,
kwdK wgqv jÛb BDwbfvwm©wU‡Z Aa¨qb K‡i Gg Gm wWwMÖ AR©b K‡ib| AZtci wZwb jÛ‡b †_‡K hvb Ges
†mLv‡bB PvKwi K‡ib| wZwb ˆeevwnK Rxeb‡K Sv‡gjv Ges AkvwšÍi KviY e‡j g‡b K‡ib| cvwievwiK Rxeb
m¤ú‡K© Abxnv cÖKvk K‡i bvbvwea Aciv‡a Rwo‡q c‡ob| Aci w`‡K wg. Rb Bmjv‡gi cvwievwiK †mŠ›`‡h© AvK…ó
n‡q Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib Ges GKRb gymwjg †g‡q‡K weevn K‡i my‡L-kvwšÍ‡Z Rxeb hvcb K‡ib| wg. Rb kwdK
wgqv‡K †evSvb †h, †Zvgv‡`i ag© Bmjv‡gi cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK wewa-weavb LyeB my›`i| Zzwg agx©q weavb †g‡b
Pjv| wg. Rb Zv‡K Bmjvwg ixwZ‡Z weevn e܇b Ave× n‡q cweÎ Rxeb hvcb ïiæ Kivi civgk© †`b|
K. cwievi ej‡Z Kx ey‡Sb ? 1
L. cvwievwiK Rxeb my‡Li nq Kxfv‡e ? 2
M. kwdK wgqvi åvšÍ aviYv e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 3
N. wg. Rb Bmjv‡gi †Kvb& w`KwUi cÖwZ AvK…ó n‡q‡Qb- Zv DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 4
DËigvjv: 1| K 2| K 3| N 4| K

BDwbU GK c„ôv-41
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cvV-13 : gvbeRvwZi Kj¨v‡Y Avj-KziAv‡bi wk¶v

D‡Ïk¨

G cvV Aa¨q‡b Avcwb-


 gvbeRvwZi Kj¨v‡Y KziAv‡bi wk¶vi weeiY Zz‡j ai‡Z cvi‡eb
 gvbe Kj¨v‡Y KziAvb wk¶vi ¸iæZ¡ Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

Avjøvni Aw¯ÍZ¡, wPišÍb mËv, ZvKIqv, wimvjvZ, Avgv‡j mvwjn, Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxeb|
gyL¨ kã (Key Words)

gvbeRvwZi Kj¨v‡Y Avj-KziAv‡bi bxwZgvjv ev wk¶vmg~n n‡jv-


1 Avjøvni Aw¯Í‡Z¡ wek¦vm
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv wPišÍb mËv| wZwb Av‡Qb, wQ‡jb Ges _vK‡eb| Zuvi Aw¯ÍZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Ávb jvf I Zuvi
Aw¯ÍZ¡ eySvi Rb¨ `y‡Uv c_ Av‡Q| GKwU nj Ávb I eyw×e„wËK c_, AciwU nj agx©q c_| Avjøvni Aw¯Í‡Z¡i
welqwU LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| ZvB KziAvb G‡K wek`fv‡e ¯úó fvlvq e‡j w`‡q‡Q| G Ávb bv _vK‡j gvbyl
Zvi Rxeb, RMr I mªóv m¤ú‡K© †MvjK auvavq c‡o bvbv AbvPvi I Kzms¯‹v‡i wbgw¾Z n‡q coZ|
2 Avjøvni GKZ¡ev‡`i wk¶v
KziAvb gnvb Avjøvni ZvInx` ev GKZ¡ev‡` wek¦v‡mi cÖwZ we‡klfv‡e ¸iæZ¡ †`qv Ges ZuviB AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk I
AvZ¥mgc©Y Kivi wk¶v †`q| ZvInx‡`i A_© K_vq Kv‡R Avjøvn‡K GK e‡j wek¦vm Kiv, ZuviB Bev`vZ Kiv, Zuvi
Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ PvIqv, my‡L-`yt‡L Zuvi Ici fimv Kiv, Zuvi cÖwZ wbôv I GKvMÖZv cÖKvk Kiv Ges ZuviB Kv‡Q mvnvh¨
cÖv_©bv Kiv| mKj bex-ivm~‡ji AvnŸvb wQj GUvB :

Ò†n Avgvi mgcÖ`vq! Avjøvni Bev`vZ Ki, wZwb e¨ZxZ †Zvgv‡`i Avi †Kvb Bjvn †bB, ZeyI wK †Zvgiv mveavb
n‡e bv ?Ó (m~iv Avj-gywgb~b 23 : 23)
3 wkiK cwinvi
Avj-KziAv‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I †gŠwjK wk¶v n‡”Q Avjøvni mv‡_ †Kvb wKQz kixK bv Kiv| Avjøvni m‡½ Ab¨ KvD‡K
Askx`vi g‡b Kiv Ges wZwb Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb mËv‡K Bev`v‡Zi †hvM¨ e‡j wek¦vm KivB wkiK| wki‡Ki Kvi‡YB
gvbyl gvbyl‡K cÖfz fv‡e, cÖK…wZ‡K c~Rv K‡i, Roev‡` wek¦vmx nq, gvbe iwPZ weavb I AvBb‡K Kj¨vYKi fv‡e|
ZvB KziAvb ¯úó K‡i †NvlYv †`qÑ

Òwbðq wkiK eo hyjg|Ó (m~iv †jvKgvb-31 : 13)


4 me©‡¶‡Î ZvKIqv Aej¤^b
gvbe Kj¨v‡Yi Av‡iv GKwU eo w`K ZvKIqv Aej¤^b| KziAvb gvbyl‡K Rxe‡bi me©‡¶‡Î ZvKIqv Aej¤^‡bi
bxwZgvjv †ck K‡i‡Q| ZvKIqv A_© n‡”Q Avjøvn‡K mwVKfv‡e Dcjwä Kiv I Zuv‡K fq K‡i Rxeb-hvcb Kiv|
5. wimvjv‡Zi AbymiY
ZvInx‡`i b¨vq wimvjv‡Zi cÖwZ wek¦vm I wimvjv‡Zi AbymiY KivI KziAv‡bi g~j wk¶v| Avj-KziAv‡bi eû ¯’v‡b
wimvjv‡Zi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Avjøvni c‡_ `vIqvZ, Dc‡`k I civgk©`vb Ges wn`vqvZ wimvjv‡Zi mv‡_B

BDwbU GK c„ôv-42
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

m¤úwK©Z| wewfbœ †`k I RvwZi Kv‡Q Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv wewfbœ mgq I hy‡M eû bex-ivm~j †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| G mKj
bex-ivm~j gvbyl‡K wn`vqv‡Zi c_ cÖ`k©b K‡i‡Qb Ges mZ¨ I Am‡Z¨i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbiƒcY wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb|
6. Avmgvwb wKZv‡ei AbymiY
c„w_ex‡Z gvbyl Kxfv‡e Rxeb cwiPvjbv Ki‡e Zvi w`K-wb‡`©kbv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Avmgvwb wKZv‡e| hy‡M hy‡M Avjøvn
c_nviv gvbyl‡K mZ¨ c‡_ Avbvi Rb¨ bex-ivm~jMY‡K cvwV‡q‡Qb| Zuv‡`i Dci bvwhj K‡i‡Qb wKZve| me©‡kl
Avmgvwb wKZve nj Avj-KziAvb| mK‡ji DwPZ Avj-KziAv‡b ewY©Z gvbe Kj¨vYKi bxwZgvjv AbymiY Kiv|
7. AvwLivZ Rxe‡b wek¦v‡mi Av‡jv‡K Rxeb MVb
Avj-KziAv‡bi bxwZgvjvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg wk¶v n‡”Q AvwLivZ Rxe‡b wek¦v‡mi Av‡jv‡K Rxeb MVb Kiv| G msµvšÍ
KziAv‡bi mviK_v n‡”Q `ywbqvi RxebB †kl bq| G RMr I Rxeb ¶Y¯’vqx| wbw`©ó mgq †kl n‡j gvbyl‡K
cicv‡ii AbšÍ Rxe‡bi w`‡K cvwo Rgv‡Z n‡e| GK w`b G wek¦ e¨e¯’vcbv Avjøvni wb‡`©‡k aŸsm n‡q hv‡e| gvbe
Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU K‡g©i dj †fvM Kivi Rb¨ AvwLiv‡Zi Rxe‡b wePvi n‡e| wKqvgZ, nvki, bki, wghvb, cyjwmivZ
AvwLivZ Rxe‡bi wewfbœ NuvwU| K‡g©i wePv‡i hviv cyY¨evb e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e Zviv cv‡e AbšÍ my‡Li wVKvbv RvbœvZ|
Avi hviv cvcx e‡j mve¨¯Í n‡e Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q Kógq Avevm¯’j Rvnvbœvg| G wek¦v‡mi d‡j gvbyl `ywbqvi
Rxe‡b cÖwZwU K‡g©i Rb¨ m‡PZb nq Ges Aciva †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z †Póv K‡i|
8. †gŠwjK Bev`vZ cvjb
Avj-KziAv‡bi bxwZgvjvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q †gŠwjK Bev`Z cvjb Kiv| KziAvb gvbe RvwZ‡K GKgvÎ Avjøvni
Bev`vZ-e‡›`Mxi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbvq|
9. Avg‡j mvwjn ev mrKg© Kiv
gvbe Rxe‡bi DbœwZi Av‡iv GKwU †mvcvb n‡”Q Avg‡j mvwjn' ev mrKg©| DËg I mr Kvh©vewj wb‡R cvjb Ki‡j
Ges Aci‡K mrfv‡e Pj‡Z AbycÖvwYZ Ki‡j Rxe‡b DbœwZi c_ cÖk¯Í nq| Cgv‡bi ciB mrKg© gvbyl‡K aŸsm
†_‡K euvwP‡q iv‡L| m~iv Avj-Avm‡i ewY©Z n‡q‡QÑ ÒKv‡ji kc_! mgMÖ gvbe RvwZB aŸs‡mi g‡a¨ wbgw¾Z| Z‡e
hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges mr Kg© K‡i, nK c‡_ _v‡K I ˆah© aviY K‡i Zviv e¨wZZ|Ó (m~iv Avmi-)
10. mrc‡_ ˆa‡h©i mv‡_ AwePj _vKv
gvbe Rxeb‡K DbœZ I mvdj¨gwÐZ Kivi Ab¨Zg Dcvq n‡”Q mrc‡_ c~Y© ˆa‡h©i mv‡_ AwePj _vKv| mrc‡_,
b¨v‡qi c‡_, Bmjv‡gi c‡_ Pj‡Z †M‡j eû evav-weNœ Avm‡e, Avi †mme Ae¯’vq ˆa‡h©i mv‡_ AwePj _vK‡j
mvd‡j¨i ØvicÖv‡šÍ DcbxZ nIqv hvq|
11. gb-gvb‡mi cweÎZv
gvbe Rxe‡b DbœwZ jvf Ki‡Z n‡j gvby‡li gb, gvbm c~Z-cweÎ ivL‡Z n‡e| wbg©j gb wb‡q Avjøvni ¯§i‡Yi
g‡a¨B wbwnZ i‡q‡Q gvbevZ¥vi cÖK…Z cÖkvwšÍ|
12. mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡Ri wb‡la
wek¦gvbeZvi Kj¨v‡Y bxwZgvjvi g‡a¨ Avj-KziAvb AZxe ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Q mrK‡g©i Av‡`k I Amr K‡g©i wb‡l‡ai
Dci| KziAv‡bi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b gymjgvb‡`i‡K ZvwK` Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zviv †hb gvbyl‡K mrK‡g©i Av‡`k †`q Ges g›`
I Ab¨vq Kg© n‡Z weiZ iv‡L|
13. mgv‡R b¨vqwePvi cÖwZôv
gvbe Kj¨v‡Y Avj-KziAv‡bi †gŠwjK bxwZgvjvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Av`j I Bbmvd cÖwZôv Kiv| wePv‡ii †¶‡Î
Ab¨vqfv‡e Kv‡iv c¶cvwZZ¡ Kiv wKsev †Kvb AmsMZ Kvi‡Y Kv‡iv weiæ‡× ivq †`Iqv KziAv‡bi b¨vqbxwZi
cwicš’x| Avj-KziAvb AZ¨šÍ K‡Vvi fvlvq Giƒc KvR n‡Z weiZ _vKvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-43
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

14. Kj¨vYgq mgvR cÖwZôvi Rb¨ cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv


wek¦gvbeZvi Kj¨vYgq Rxeb MV‡bi bxwZgvjvi †gŠwjK Av‡iv GKwU Acwinvh© w`K nj gvbyl‡K Avjøvni c‡_
AvnŸvb Kiv| mgv‡R Bmjvwg fveaviv cÖwZôvi j‡ÿ¨ KvR Kiv GKwU eo Bev`Z| Avj-KziAv‡bi wkÿv njÑ
Bmjv‡gi cÖwZiÿvi cÖ‡qvRb, mgv‡R kvwšÍ I k„sLjv cÖwZôv Ges Ab¨vq-AkvwšÍ wbg©~j Kivi Rb¨ mK‡j wg‡j †Póv
Kiv|
15. A_©‰bwZK w`K wb‡`©kbv
wek¦ gvbeZvi Kj¨v‡Y KziAv‡bi bxwZgvjvi Av‡iv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq n‡”Q A_©‰bwZK w`K wb‡`©kbv| gnvMÖš ’
Avj-KziAvb hw`I †Kvb A_©bxwZi cy¯ÍK bq ZeyI A_©bxwZ m¤úwK©Z cÖ‡qvRbxq bxwZgvjv G‡Z Ggbfv‡e ¯úó
ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, hvi Av‡jv‡K A_©‰bwZK e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K© ¯úó w`K wb‡`©kbv cvIqv hvq|
16. †dŠR`vwi weavb
KziAv‡bi bxwZgvjvi Ab¨Zg weavb n‡”Q wKmvm I w`qvZ| Avj-KziAv‡bi g‡Z gvbe Rxe‡bi wndvhZ I
i¶Yv‡e¶Y GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| Gi D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q nZ¨vi Øvi iæ× Kiv| jyUZivR, WvKvwZ, Pywi, e¨wfPvi,
Acev` iUv‡bv G¸‡jv Aciva| Gme Aciv‡ai Rb¨ i‡q‡Q wba©vwiZ `Ð ev kvw¯Í|
17. gvbe gh©v`v I gvbeZvi HK¨ cÖwZôv
Avj-KziAv‡bi bxwZgvjvi Ab¨Zg w`K-wb‡`©kbv n‡”Q, gvbe gh©v`v I gvbeZvi HK¨ cÖwZôv| me gvbylB
Rb¥MZfv‡e GK, Zv‡`i †`‡n GKB i³ cÖevwnZ| Zviv mK‡jB GK Av`g (Av)-Gi mšÍvb| Zviv ci¯úi fvB
fvB|
18. gvbeZvi †mevq KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kbv
gvbeRvwZi ¯^v_© I AwaKvi‡K i¶vi Rb¨ GKgvÎ KziAvbB ¯’vqx mgvavb w`‡q‡Q| nZ `wi`ª, wec`MÖ¯Í, BqvwZg,
weaev, †ivM-†kv‡K AvµvšÍ e¨w³e‡M©i cÖ‡qvR‡b Avw_©K mvnvh¨, mn‡hvwMZv I mnvbyf‚wZ †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨ ejv
n‡q‡Q|
19 Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxe‡bi w`M`k©b
gvbyl ïay †`nme©¯^ Rxe bq| gvby‡li i‡q‡Q Av‡iv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`K A_©vr Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxeb| Ava¨vwZ¥K
Rxe‡bi mgm¨vewji wbf©yj I mwVK w`K wb‡`©kbvi bxwZgvjv KziAvbB Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Q| GK gnvb Avjøvni Dci
`„p wek¦v‡mi wfwˇZ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxe‡bi MwZaviv| Avj-KziAvbB Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxe‡bi c~Z-cweÎZvi
K_v, ZvKIqv Avej¤^‡bi K_v, BLjvm I wbôvi K_v, cig mªóvi mv‡_ gvbevZ¥vi wgj‡bi K_v I c×wZ
wkwL‡q‡Q|

mvims‡ÿc
wek¦gvbeZvi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ gnvMÖš’ Avj-KziAvb c~Y©v½ bxwZgvjv Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Q| gvbe Rxe‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq
mKj welqB Avj-KziAv‡b wee„Z n‡q‡Q, hv gvb‡ei AvwZ¥K, gvbwmK, Ávb RMr Ges Kg©‡¶‡Î DcKv‡i Avm‡Z
cv‡i| KziAv‡bi Dc¯’vwcZ G mKj bxwZgvjv †KvbwU RvMwZK Kg©-ZrciZv m¤úwK©Z, †KvbwU gvbe PwiÎ
welqK Ges †KvbwU Avjøvni Bev`vZ-e‡›`wMi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|

BDwbU GK c„ôv-44
Bmjvg wkÿv wØZxq cÎ

Ôwek¦ gvbeZvi Kj¨v‡Y KziAv‡bi wkÿvÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU Av‡jvPbv P‡µi Av‡qvRb
A¨vKwUwfwU (wb‡R Kwi)
Kiæb|
/wkÿv_©xi KvR

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb

eû wbe©vPbx cÖkœ
1| ZvInx` A_© Kx ?
(K) GKZ¡ev` (L) wØZ¡ev`
(M) wÎZ¡ev` (N) eû ‡Lv`vev`
2. ZvKIqv gv‡b Kx ?
(K)miKvi fxwZ (L) wcZv-gvZvi fxwZ
(M)Avjøvn fxwZ (N) cywj‡ki fxwZ
3. wki‡Ki Kzdj Kx ?
(K) me‡P‡q eo Ryjyg (L) me‡P‡q †QvU cvc
(M)mvaviY cvc (N)gvSvwi ai‡bi ¸bvn
4. KziAv‡bi `„wó‡Z gvbe gh©v`vi gvcKvwV Kx ?
(K) mevB evsjv‡`kx (L) mevB †mŠw` Avi‡ei
(M) mevB `vbKvix (N) mevB GKB Av`‡gi mšÍvb

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
DÏxcK,
Avwe` nvmvb I kIKZ `yB eÜz| Avwe` nvmvb K_vq K_vq wg_¨v e‡jb| gvbyl‡K VKv‡bvi cÖeYZv Zvi g‡a¨
cÖejfv‡e †`Lv hvq| Aci w`‡K kIKZ Rxe‡b KL‡bv wg_¨v e‡jwb| wZwb wbqwgZ KziAvb c‡o| Bmjv‡gi
hveZxq wbqg-bxwZ mZZvi mv‡_ cvjb Kivi †Póv K‡i| mgv‡Ri †jvK‡`i Dbœqb K‡í wZwb wb‡R‡K wewj‡q w`‡Z
msKí K‡i| GKw`b Avwe` nvmvb Zvi eÜz kIKZ‡K ejj, Zzwg †Kv_v †_‡K GB †cÖiYv jvf K‡iQ ? kIKZ DËi
w`j, ZzwgI KziAvb co| gvbe Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ me †cÖiYv †mLvb †_‡K jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
K. Avjøvni Aw¯ÍZ¡ Kx ? 1
L. Ôwbðq wkiK eo RyjygÕ-Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v Kiæb| 2
M. AvwLivZ Rxe‡b wek¦vmxi Rxeb †Kgb n‡e ? 3
N. DÏxc‡K kIK‡Zi gšÍe¨ Avcbvi cvV¨cy¯Í‡Ki Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Kiæb| 4

DËigvjv: 1| K 2| M 3| K 4| N

BDwbU GK c„ôv-45

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