Smart Helmet & Intelligent Bike System

Smart Helmet & Intelligent Bike System

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Smart Helmet & Intelligent Bike System

Abstract

A smart helmet is a type of protective headgear used by the rider which makes bike driving safer
than before. The main purpose of this smart helmet to provide safety for rider . This implement
by using advance feature like alcohol detection, accident identification, location tracking, use as
a hands free device, solar powered, fall detection. This makes not only smart helmet but also
feature of smart bike. Its compulsory to wear helmet, without helmet ignition switch cannot ON.
A RF Module as wireless link which able to communicate between transmitter and receiver. If
rider getting drunk it gets automatically ignition switch is locked, and send message
automatically to their register number with their current location. So when accident occurs, it
will send message by GSM to register numbers with their current location by GPS module. It can
use to receive call while driving. The distinctive utility of project is fall detection, if the bike
rider fall from bike it will send message automatically.

Key Words: Biker’s safety, Accident detection and alert system, Smart helmet, Alcohol
detection,

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INTRODUCTION:

In recent times helmets have been made compulsory in Maharashtra State. Traffic accidents in
India have increased year by year. As per Section129 of Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 makes it
required for every single riding a two-wheeler to wear protective headgear following to standards
of the BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards).In India drunken drive case is a criminal offence of The
Motor Vehicle act 1939. Which states that the bike rider will get punish. In existence bike rider
easily get escaped from law.

These are the three main issues which motivates us for developing this project. The first step is
to identify the helmet is wear or not. If helmet is wear then ignition will start otherwise it will
remains off till helmet is not wear. For these we use FSR sensor. The second step is alcohol
detection. Alcohol sensor is use as breath analyzer which detect the presence of alcohol in rider
breathe if it is exceeds permissible range ignition cannot start. It will send the message to register
number.

Block Diagram:

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Helmet Side:

Mq 3 Controller zigbee tx

Solar panel
FSR

Batttery IR Sensor

Bike side:
LCD DISPLAY

Adxl Controller
gps

wifi Server
Zigbee rx

Ignition motor Web

on/off application

Power supply

Proposed system or working:

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We already mentioned that we divide a project in two units namely helmet and bike. In helmet
unit, the force sensing resister is placed on inside upper part of the helmet where actually head
was touched with sensor surface. And alcohol sensor is placed on in front of rider’s mouth. It can
sense easily. Solar panels are mounted on upper side of helmet which is in direct sunlight. And
the battery and regular circuits was fixed inside the helmet. Secondary controller and RF
transmitter circuit was also placed on inside the helmet, antenna are located outside the helmet.

The bike unit is mounted on actual bike. Accelerometer was fixed on bike, for the fall detection.
Our main controller is positioning in to case of bike. And circuit is placed on in handle of bike..
So the gps location sended to web page.

Problem:

The increase in the number of accidents in recent days due to the negligent driving Habits.

Literature Survey:

1. Sanjana Manik Gosavi1 ,Vaishnavi Ram Gaikwad2 , Vikas Solanke 3 “SMART

HELMET USING ARDUINO UNO” Vol-8 Issue-3 2022
A smart helmet is a type of protective headgear used by the rider which makes bike driving safer
than before. The main purpose of this helmet is to provide safety for the rider. This can be
implemented by using advanced features like alcohol detection, accident identification, location
tracking, use as a hands free device, fall detection. This makes it not only a smart helmet but also
a feature of a smart bike. It is compulsory to wear the helmet, without which the ignition switch
cannot turn ON. An RF Module can be used as wireless link for communication between
transmitter and receiver. If the rider is drunk the ignition gets automatically locked, and sends a
message to the registered number with his current location. In case of an accident it will send a
message through GSM along with location with the help of GPS module. The distinctive utility
of project is fall detection; if the rider falls down from the bike it sends a message.

2. Suvarna S Patil1 , Shravani Kolur2 , Seresha VB3, AP Sushma4 Assistant Professor,

Dept. of ECE, RYM Engineering College, Ballari, Karnataka, India” Smart Helmet with
Sensors Using Arduino ” Volume 9, Issue 7, July 2020 ||
Currently, accidents are a serious problem for everyone. Accidents are increasing day by day, so
efforts are made to avoid them to minimize their consequences. We live in a world where the
rules of the road have no importance for people and they are regularly violated. In addition, its
human nature to resist what is imposed on them. Thus, using a different perspective, we provide
safety with luxurious and intelligent features using a smart helmet. Smart Helmet is an AVR
series microcontroller based project. It is a helmet with some smart features to improve driving

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experience and to make drive safer. This smart helmet has three main features and each feature
has its own purpose like the purpose of first feature is to encourage or force rider to wear helmet,
similarly the purpose of second feature is to prevent rider to drink and drive, and third feature is
to save lives as many as possible when accidents occur by sending information. Two modules
one on the helmet and bike each will work in synchronization, to ensure that the biker is wearing
the helmet. A radio frequency module is responsible for the wireless communication between the
helmet and the bike circuit. The ALCHO-LOCK function is used to prevent drink and drive
scenarios Accelerometer detects accidents, and this is extended by employing GSM module in
our circuit, which is designed to automatically send one message to one personal contact and one
concerned authority that the person has been into an accident and a fog sensor for increasing
visibility in case of fog or smog are also used. The project is expected to improve safety and
reduce accidents, especially fatal to the motorcyclist.

3. Mr.D.Nagaraju (Assoc Professor-Ece)1 , J. Gangaraju2 , G. Pavan Kumar Reddy3 , S.

Aslam Bhasha4 ,S. Pramod Kumar Reddy5 [1] Asst. Professor, Sanskrithi School of
Engineering, Puttaparthi, Andhra Pradesh, India [2]Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering, Sanskrithi School of Engineering, Puttaparthi, Andhra
Pradesh “Smart Helmet with Driver Monitoring System using Arduino” Vol 4, no 4, pp
4866-4868 April 2023
This project deals with the monitoring and tracking the motorcycle and driver parameter
using sensors and uploading to an IOT platform along with its Gps location. During the
driving IOT enable and sensors provides continuous monitoring reading related to alcohol,
location, wearing helmet and sleeping. The impact of road accidents can lead to the loss of
many lives and can also damage many body parts. s. This situation becomes more serious if
the riders won’t wear the helmet which can be prevented by wearing the helmet and can
reduce these impacts. While riding the bike, the government made it a mandatory rule to
wear the helmet. Using this rule as a base, a smart helmet system is proposed which helps in
providing safety to the riders and prevents accidents. In this project hardware components or
sensors act as input and actuator act as output, software is real time algorithm

4. Mr. Vinay Kumar HS*1, Adarsh MS*2, Ashwin MH*3, Deekshith CR*4, Harshith
Gowda M*5 *1,2,3,4,5Department Of Electronics And Communication Engineering,
Mandya, Karnataka, India” SMART HELMET FOR ACCIDENT DETECTION USING
ARDUINO UNO” Volume:05/Issue:06/June-2023\
A smart helmet is an essential protective gear for riders, placing a high priority on their safety
during rides. By integrating cutting-edge technologies, it enhances the capabilities of a
conventional helmet and converts an ordinary bike into an intelligent one. This innovative
headgear seamlessly integrates functions like alcohol detection, accident recognition, location
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tracking, and fall detection, effectively serving as a hands-free device. The wireless RF module
facilitates seamless communication between the helmet unit and the bike unit, enabling the
exchange of information and instructions between the two components. Importantly, the bike
will only start if the rider wears the smart helmet. One outstanding feature of the intelligent
helmet is its capability to detect alcohol levels. If the rider is found to be intoxicated, the bike’s
ignition system automatically locks, preventing them from riding under the influence.
Furthermore, the helmet sends a notification to a designated contact number, sharing precise
information about the rider’s current location. In the unfortunate event of an accident, the
intelligent helmet promptly responds by utilizing a GSM module and a GPS module. It sends a
distress message through GSM technology, including the exact GPS-based location. This
immediate alert ensures that emergency services can be quickly dispatched to the rider’s
location, increasing the chances of receiving timely assistance. Overall, the smart helmet
combines advanced features and safety measures to protect riders on the road, enhancing their
biking experience by making it safer and more secure.

5.Conference Paper · June 2009 with 64 Reads

DOI: 10.1109/HSI.2009.5091046 · Source: IEEE Xplore
Conference: Human System Interactions, 2009 M. Pieve, F. Tesauri, and A. Spadoni,
This paper will present new concept of HMI for advanced driving assistance system, following
major guidelines in ergonomic field. The major aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of
information provided, creating an user-friendly and immediate interface. The report contains the
results of the study conducted on 20 people in PTW domain by University of Modena e Reggio
Emilia - HMI Group, in order to evaluate the relation between HMI channels (audio, video or
both) and the grade of understanding of information that system would like to communicate to
the rider. Experiment and data analyses contains important conclusions on PTW domain
regarding warning understanding with audio and/or visual feedback.

6 Conference Paper · June 2009 with 107 Reads

DOI: 10.1109/HSI.2009.5091045 · Source: IEEE Xplore.D.Bekiaris,A.Spadoni,and

S.I.Nikolaou
In the last ten years, European Commission has deeply investigated the concern of Powered Two
Wheelers (PTW) accidents in the European roads, trying to focus on the improvement of road
safety through the introduction of Intelligence Transportation Systems. Several new European
research projects involving PTWs have been promoted by EC to resolve this gap: SAFERIDER
aiming to enhance rider safety, comfort and, hopefully, reduce fatalities. Four Advanced Riding
Assistance Systems (ARAS, or so called in literature ADAS, with Driver instead of Rider) and
four In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS) will be designed, studied and validated to create a
new vehicle concept , with high technical and innovation values. To reach this goal, a priori in-
depth accident analyses are performed to discover causes and most common scenarios leading to
accidents. Following this, the development of a common architecture able to host ARAS and
IVIS is on progress and will be finalized in the next months. To close the loop between vehicle
and rider, Human Machine Interface (HMI) concepts are designed and implemented in different

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ways [1]. A major innovation and breakthrough of the SAFERIDER project, lies with the fact
being the first project that considers the integration of several sub-systems on PTWs

7.. Massimo Cellario, University of Pavia

TS technologies provide vehicles with different types and levels of intelligence to complement
the driver. Information systems expand the driver’s knowledge of routes and locations. Warning
systems, such as collision avoidance technologies, enhance the driver’s ability to sense the
surrounding environment. Driver assistance and automation technologies simulate the driver’s
sensorimotor system to operate a vehicle either temporarily during emergencies or for prolonged
periods. Such new information and control technologies that make vehicles smarter are arriving
on the market as optional equipment or specialty after-market components. These technologies
are being developed and marketed to increase driver safety, performance, and convenience.
However, these disparate components require further significant integration efforts to create a
coherent intelligent vehicle that complements the human driver, fully considering his or her
requirements, capabilities, and limitations. A fully intelligent vehicle must work cooperatively
with the driver.1 New, uncoordinated technologies could deliver excessive, competing, or
contradictory messages and demands that might distract, confuse, and overwhelm the driver.
This could cause an overload of the driver’s limited cognitive resources, thereby decreasing the
driver’s performance and safety. An intelligent system senses its environment and acts to reach
its objectives. So, its interaction and communication channels—that is, its interface—greatly
influence the type of intelligence it can display

8. Manjesh N 1 , Prof. Sudarshan raju C H 2 M Tech, ECE-DSCE, JNTUA, Hindupur Email:

manjesh405@gmail.com HOD & Asst. Prof. BIT-IT, Hindupur
A smart helmet is a special idea which makes motorcycle driving safer than before. This is
implemented using GSM and GPS technology. The working of this smart helmet is very simple,
vibration sensors are placed in different places of helmet where the probability of hitting is more
which are connected to microcontroller board. So when the rider crashes and the helmet hit the
ground, these sensors sense and gives to the microcontroller board, then controller extract GPS
data using the GPS module that is interfaced to it. When the data exceeds minimum stress limit
then GSM module automatically sends message to ambulance or family members. Vehicular
communication is the best method for avoiding the collision as well as the traffic congestion.so
here used VANET as network which has self-organizing, movable, more efficient, and
communication establishes in decentralized manner. Here I simulate the VANET network in a
two different scenarios, highway and urban using MAT lab for easy and well known to all.

FLOW CHART:

START
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 Smart Helmet & Intelligent Bike System

Initialize the system

Check Check Check

ir mq3 FSR
senso

Sends the data Sends the data Sends the data

to bike side to on to bike side to to bike side
the ignition OFF the ignition damage

End

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Start

Initialize the system

Check Check
the data the
rf tx accident

Valid data ignition on and Send data

off

end

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Advantages:
 Detection of accident in remote area can be easily detected and medical services provided in
short time.
 Simply avoiding drunken drive by using alcohol detector. it will reduces the probability of
accident
 Operates on solar as well as battery supply.
Application:
 It can be used in real time safety system.
 We can implement the whole circuit into small module later.
 Less power consuming safety system.
 This safety system technology can further be enhanced in car and also by replacing the helmet
with seat belt.

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

HARDWARE
1.Arduino UNO
2.FSR force sensor
3.MQ3 Alcohol sensor
4.Zigbee Tx Rx
5.GPS
6.ADXL Tilt Sensor
7.Relay
8.Motor
9. Node MCU Esp8266 wifi
10.Battery
11. SOLAR
12.IR object sensor

SOFTWARE
1.Arduino IDE
2.Adafruit IO web Application

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CONCLUSION
The outcomes of the project have showed that the bike ignition will start if the helmet is worn.
So, it will automatically decrease the effect from accident and it can avoid bike from being
stolen. Arduino lilypad is good in controlling all the system and the sensors. Executing the
wireless system which Radio Frequency Module to send signal from helmet unit to the bike unit.
Due to this wireless connection is better than wired link.

Reference Papers

1. M. Pieve, F. Tesauri, and A. Spadoni, “Mitigation accident risk in powered two

wheelers domain: Improving effectiveness of human machine interface collision
avoidance system in two wheelers,” in Proc. 2nd. Conf. Human Syst. Interact., Catania,
Italy, May 21–23,
2009, pp. 603–607.
[2] E.D.Bekiaris,A.Spadoni,and S.I.Nikolaou, “SAFERIDER project: New safety and
comfort in powered two wheelers,” in Proc. 2nd Conf. Human Syst. Interact., Catania, Italy,
May 21–23, 2009, pp. 600–602.
[3] A.Barón and P.Green, Safety and Usability of Speech Interfaces for In - Vehicle Tasks
While Driving: A Brief Literature Review Tech. Rep. UMTRI-
2006-5, 2006.
[4] M.Cellario,“Human-centered intelligent vehicles: Toward multimodal
interface integration,” IEEE Intell. Syst., vol. 16, no. 4, p. 78, Jul. 2001.
[5] F.Bellotti, “COMUNICAR: Designing a multimedia, context -aware human-machine
interface for cars,” Cogn., Technol. Work, vol. 7, p. 36, 2005.

6. Safety measures for “Two wheelers by Smart Helmet and Four wheelers by Vehicular
Communication” Manjesh N 1, Prof. Sudarshan raju C H 2 M Tech, ECE-DSCE, JNTUA,
Hindupur Email: manjesh405@gmail.com HOD & Asst. Prof. BIT-IT, Hindupur International
Journal
of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 NATIONAL
CONFERENCE on Developments, Advances & Trends in Engineering Sciences (NCDATES-
09th & 10th January 2015)

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[7]. Smart Helmet with Sensors for Accident Prevention Mohd Khairul Afiq Mohd Rasli, Nina
Korlina Madzhi, Juliana Johari Faculty of Electrical Engineering University Tecnology
MARA40450 Shah Alam Selangor, MALAYSIAjulia893@salam.uitm.edu.my)
[8]. A Solar Powered Smart Helmet With Multifeatures Mr.P.Dileep Kumar1, Dr.G.N.Kodanda
Ramaiah2 Mr.A.Subramanyam3, Mrs.M.Dharani4 International Journal of Engineering
Inventions e-ISSN: 2278-7461, p-ISSN: 2319-6491 Volume 4, Issue 10 [June 2015] PP: 06-11)
[9]. A Smart Safety Helmet using IMU and EEG sensors for worker fatigue detection Ping Li,
Ramy Meziane, Martin J.-D. Otis, Hassan Ezzaidi, REPARTI Center, University of Quebec at
Chicoutimi Chicoutimi, Canada Email: Martin_Otis@uqac.ca Philippe Cardou REPARTI
Center, Laval University Quebec, Canada Email: pcardou@gmc.ulaval.ca)
[10]. ISSN 2319 – 2518 www.ijeetc.comVol. 4, No. 2, April 2015© 2015 IJEETC.
[11]. Sudarsan K and Kumaraguru Diderot P (2014), “Helmet for Road Hazard Warning with
Wireless Bike Authentication and Traffic Adaptive Mp3 Playback”, International Journal of
Science and Research (IJSR), Vol. 3, No. 3, ISSN (Online): 2319-7064.
[12]. Vijay J, Saritha B, Priyadharshini B,Deepeka S and Laxmi R (2011), “Drunken Drive
Protection System”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Vol. 2, No. 12,
ISSN: 2229-5518.
[13]. Harish Chandra Mohanta, Rajat Kumar Mahapatra and Jyotirmayee Muduli(2014)”, Anti-
Theft Mechanism System with Accidental Avoidance and Cabin Safety System for
Automobiles”, International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES), Vol. 3, No. 4,
pp. 56-62.

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