Zhang v. Jpfreepe - Complaint

Case: 1:23-cv-16011 Document #: 1 Filed: 11/16/23 Page 1 of 10 PageID #:1
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
EASTERN DIVISION
Fei Zhang, )
)
Plaintiff, )
) Case No. 1:23-cv-16011
v. )
) Dist. Judge
JPFreepe, )
) Mag. Judge
Defendant, )
Complaint
NOW COMES Fei Zhang (“Plaintiff”), by and through its undersigned counsel, and hereby brings
this Complaint against JPFreepe (“Defendant”) and alleges as follows:
Nature of the Action
1. This action has been filed by Plaintiff to combat the e-commerce store operated by Defendant
who trade upon Plaintiff’s intellectual property by making, using, offering for sale, selling and/or
importing into the United States for subsequent sale or use unauthorized and unlicensed
products which infringe Plaintiff’s patented design (the “Infringing Products”).
2. Defendant created a fully interactive, commercial Internet stores operating under at least the
online marketplace account identified as JPFreepe (the “Defendant Online Store”) which is
intentionally designed to appear to be selling genuine Plaintiff products, while actually selling the
Infringing Products to unknowing consumers.
3. Defendant attempts to avoid liability by going to great lengths to conceal both its identity and
the full scope and interworking of their infringing operation. Plaintiff is forced to file this action
to combat Defendant’s unauthorized use of Plaintiff’s patented design U.S. Patent No.
D889,403 (the “Plaintiff Design”), as well as to protect unknowing consumers from purchasing
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unauthorized products over the Internet. A true and correct copy of the United States Patent
for the Plaintiff Design is attached hereto as Exhibit 1.
4. Plaintiff has been and continues to be irreparably damaged through consumer confusion and the
infringement of the Plaintiff Design as a result of Defendant’s actions and accordingly seeks
injunctive and monetary relief.
Jurisdiction and Venue
5. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over Plaintiff’s claims pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331,
1338 (for claims arising under the U.S. Patent Act).
7. Venue is proper in this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391, and this Court may properly exercise
personal jurisdiction over Defendant since Defendant directly targets business activities toward
consumers in the United States, including Illinois and this Judicial District. Defendant reaches
out to do business with residents of Illinois and this Judicial District by operating one or more
commercial, fully-interactive Defendant Online Stores through which residents of Illinois and
this Judicial District can purchase and/or have purchased products being offered and sold that
infringe directly and/or indirectly the Plaintiff Design. Defendant has targeted sales from
residents of Illinois and this Judicial District by operating a Defendant Online store that accepts
payment in U.S. dollars, offered shipping to addresses within Illinois and this Judicial District
products that infringe directly and/or indirectly the Plaintiff Design, and has shipped or offered
to ship Infringing Products into this Judicial District. Defendant has committed and is
committing tortious acts in Illinois and this Judicial District, is engaging in interstate commerce,
and has wrongfully caused Plaintiff substantial injury in the State of Illinois.
Parties
8. Plaintiff is engaged in the design, distribution, marketing, offering for sale, and sale of various
consumer products, including, inter alia, wireless chargers (collectively, the “Plaintiff Products”).
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9. The Plaintiff Products are distributed and sold to consumers throughout the United States,
including in Illinois and in this Judicial District.
10. The Plaintiff Products are known for their distinctive patented designs. These designs are
broadly recognized by consumers. Products tailored after these designs are associated with the
quality and innovation that the public has come to expect from Plaintiff Products. Plaintiff uses
these designs in connection with its Plaintiff Products including, but not limited to, the following
patented design, herein referred to as the “Plaintiff Design.”
Claim
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11. Plaintiff is a lawful owner and assignee of all rights, title, and interest in and to the Plaintiff
Design. U.S. Patent No. D889,403 was lawfully issued on July 7, 2020, with named inventors
Fei Zhang and Songzhen Li. Exhibit 1.
12. Defendant is an individual and/or business entity who, upon information and belief, reside in
the People’s Republic of China or other foreign jurisdictions. Defendant conducts business
throughout the United States, including within the State of Illinois and this Judicial District,
through the operation of the fully interactive Defendant Online Store which operate on
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commercial online marketplaces. Defendant targets the United States, including Illinois and this
Judicial District, and has offered to sell and, on information and belief, has sold and continues to
sell Infringing Products to consumers within the United States, including the State of Illinois and
this Judicial District.
Defendant’s Unlawful Conduct
13. Marketplaces like Temu, among others, allow merchants to quickly “set up shop” and flood the
market with unauthorized goods which displace actual sales manufacturers would otherwise
enjoy.
14. It has been estimated that e-commerce intellectual property infringement costs merchants in the
U.S. alone nearly $41 billion1 with Department of Homeland Security seizures of infringing
goods increasing more than 10-fold between 2000 and 20182 and a street value of seized goods
increasing 246% from 2017 to 2022.3
15. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) reported that for Fiscal Year 2019, 90% of all
CBP intellectual property seizures were smaller international mail and express shipments (as
opposed to large cargo containers) and 85% of CBP seizures originated from mainland China,
Singapore, and Hong Kong.4
1 The National Bureau of Asian Research, The Report of the Commission on the Theft of American
Intellectual Property, at 9, Pub. The Commission on the Theft of American Intellectual Property 2017,
available at http://www.ipcommission.org/report/IP_Commission_Report_Update_2017.pdf.
2 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Combating Trafficking in Counterfeit and Pirated Goods Report to the
President of the United States, January 24, 2020.

3 U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of Trade, FY 2022 Fact Sheet Intellectual Property Rights,
available at https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2023-
Mar/IPR%20Fact%20Sheet%20FY2022%20Final%20Draft%20%28508%29%20%28004%29%20%282%29
.pdf
4 U.S. Customs and Border Protection Office of Trade, Intellectual Property Rights Fiscal Year 2019 Seizure
Statistics, available at, https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2020-

Sep/FY%202019%20IPR%20Statistics%20Book%20%28Final%29.pdf.
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16. Legislation was recently introduced in the U.S. Senate that would allow CBP to seize articles that
infringe design patents, thus closing a loophole currently exploited by infringers.5
17. Infringing and pirated products account for billions in economic losses, resulting in tens of
thousands of lost jobs for legitimate businesses and broader economic losses, including lost tax
revenue.
18. Third party service providers like those used by Defendant do not robustly subject new sellers to
verification and confirmation of their identities, allowing infringers to “routinely use false or
inaccurate names and addresses when registering with these e-commerce platforms.”6
19. DHS has observed that “at least some e-commerce platforms, little identifying information is
necessary for [an infringer] to begin selling” and recommending that “[s]ignificantly enhanced
vetting of third-party sellers” is necessary. Infringers hedge against the risk of being caught and
having their websites taken down from an e-commerce platform by preemptively establishing
multiple virtual storefronts.7
20. Since platforms generally do not require a seller on a third-party marketplace to identify the
underlying business entity, infringers can have many different profiles that can appear unrelated
even though they are commonly owned and operated.8
21. Further, “E-commerce platforms create bureaucratic or technical hurdles in helping brand
owners to locate or identify sources of [infringement].”9
5 Press Release, U.S. Senator Thom Tillis, Tillis, Coons, Cassidy & Hirono Introduce Bipartisan
Legislation to Seize Counterfeit Products and Protect American Consumers and Businesses (Dec. 5,
2019).
6 Daniel C.K. Chow, Alibaba, Amazon, and Counterfeiting in the Age of the Internet, 40 NW. J. INT’L L. & BUS.
157, 186 (2020).

7 Combating Trafficking in Counterfeit and Pirated Goods Report to the President of the United States, at p. 22.
8 Id., at p. 39.
9 Alibaba, Amazon, and Counterfeiting in the Age of the Internet, 40 NW. J. INT’L L. & BUS. at 186-187.
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22. The success of Plaintiff’s sales of the Plaintiff Product has resulted in substantial infringing
activity and other attempts to misappropriate Plaintiff’s proprietary rights. Plaintiff has policed
the use of its Plaintiff Design and has identified certain online product listings on marketplaces
such as Temu offering for sale and, on information and belief, selling products to consumers
that directly and/or indirectly infringe the Plaintiff Design throughout the United States
including this Judicial District.
23. Defendant created a fully interactive, commercial internet stores operating under at least the
online marketplace “JPFreepe”. True and correct screenshots of Defendant’s Temu.com
storefront attached hereto as Exhibit 2.
24. Defendant enables and facilitates sales of their Infringing Products with unauthorized products
that directly and/or indirectly infringe the Plaintiff Design by presenting the Defendant Online
Store as a legitimate reseller using standardized product listing layouts and terminology. On
information and belief, Plaintiff nor Songzhen Li has not licensed or authorized Defendant to
use its Plaintiff Design in any way, and Defendant is not an authorized retailer of genuine
Plaintiff Products.
25. Defendant deceives unknowing consumers, namely, by including the Infringing Products
prominently in the product pictures, including as the first picture. Exhibit 2.
26. Defendant takes pain to conceal its identity from the public, using a meaningless store name and
omitting any contact information. Exhibit 2. Defendant may operate several stores
simultaneously, using fictitious identities such as that shown in Exhibit 2, as well as other
fictitious names and addresses. Moreover, infringers like Defendant will often register new store
accounts under new fictitious names when they receive notice that one or more stores have been
the subject of a lawsuit. The use of these store registration schemes is one of several ways in
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which Defendant, to avoid being shut down, conceal their true identities and the inner workings
of their infringement operations.
27. Infringers like Defendant will typically ship infringing products in small quantities via
international mail to mitigate detection by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Further, they
will typically operate multiple credit card merchant accounts or use layers of payment gateways
to forestall their cashflow being interrupted due to patent enforcement efforts. On information
and belief, Defendant utilizes offshore bank accounts and routinely move funds from U.S.-based
merchant accounts (e.g., within China) outside the jurisdiction of this Court.
28. Defendant, without any authorization or license from Plaintiff, has knowingly and willfully
offered for sale, sold, and/or imported into the United States and into Illinois products that
infringe directly and/or indirectly the Plaintiff Design. Exhibit 3.
29. Defendant’s infringement of the Plaintiff Design was willful.
30. Defendant’s infringement of the Plaintiff Design in connection with the making, using, offering
for sale, selling, and/or importing into the United States for use of the Infringing Products,
including the making, using, offering for sale, selling, and/or importing into the United States
for subsequent sale or use of Infringing Products into Illinois, including this judicial district, is
irreparably harming Plaintiff.
Count I - Patent Infringement (25 U.S.C. § 271)
31. Plaintiff repeats, re-alleges, and incorporates by reference the allegations set forth in Paragraphs
1 through 31.
32. Defendant is making, using, offering for sale, selling, and/or importing into the United States
for subsequent sale or use Infringing Products that infringe, directly and/or indirectly, the
ornamental design claimed in Plaintiff’s U.S. Patent No. D889,403.
33. Defendant has infringed Plaintiff’s U.S. Patent No. D889,403 through the aforesaid acts and will
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continue to do so unless enjoined by this Court. Defendant’s wrongful conduct has caused
Plaintiff to suffer irreparable harm resulting from the loss of its lawful patent rights to exclude
others from making, using, selling, offering for sale, and importing the patented invention.
Plaintiff is entitled to injunctive relief pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 283.
34. Plaintiff is entitled to recover damages adequate to compensate for the infringement, including
Defendant’s profits pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 289. Plaintiff is entitled to recover any other
damages as appropriate pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 284.
WHEREFORE, Plaintiff, Fei Zhang, prays for judgment against Defendant as follows:
A. That Defendant, their affiliates, officers, agents, servants, employees, attorneys, confederates,
and all persons acting for, with, by, through, under or in active concert with them be
permanently enjoined and restrained from:
a. making, using, offering for sale, selling, and/or importing into the United States for
subsequent sale or use any products not authorized by Plaintiff and that include any
reproduction, copy or colorable imitation of the designs claimed in the Plaintiff Design;
b. aiding, abetting, contributing to, or otherwise assisting anyone in infringing upon the
Plaintiff Design; and
c. effecting assignments or transfers, forming new entities or associations or utilizing any
other device for the purpose of circumventing or otherwise avoiding the prohibitions set
forth in Subparagraphs (a) and (b).
B. Entry of an Order that, upon Plaintiff’s request, those with notice of the injunction, including,
without limitation, any online marketplace platforms such as Temu, eBay, AliExpress, Alibaba,
Amazon, Wish.com, Joom, and Dhgate (collectively, the “Third Party Providers”) shall disable
and cease displaying any advertisements used by or associated with Defendant in connection
with the sale of goods that infringe the ornamental designs claimed in the Plaintiff Design;
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C. That Plaintiff be awarded such damages as it shall prove at trial against Defendant that are
adequate to compensate Plaintiff for Defendant’s infringement of the Plaintiff Design, but in no
event less than a reasonable royalty for the use made of the inventions by the Defendant,
together with interest and costs, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 284;
D. That the amount of damages awarded to Plaintiff to compensate it for infringement of the
Plaintiff Design be increased by three times the amount thereof, as provided by 35 U.S.C. § 284;
E. In the alternative, that Plaintiff be awarded all profits realized by Defendant from their
infringement of the Plaintiff Design, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 289;
F. That Plaintiff be awarded its reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs; and
G. Award any and all other relief that this Court deems just and proper.
Dated this November 16, 2023
Respectfully Submitted,
/s/Adam E. Urbanczyk
Adam E. Urbanczyk
AU LLC
444 W. Lake St. 17th Floor
Chicago, IL 60606
(312) 715-7312
adamu@au-llc.com
Counsel for Plaintiff
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Case: 1:23-cv-16011 Document #: 1-1 Filed: 11/16/23 Page 1 of 10 PageID #:11
Exhibit 1
USOOD889403S
(12 ) LiUnited
et al.
States Design Patent ((4510)) Date
PatentofNoPatent
.: : US D889,403 S
Jul. 7 , 2020
(54 ) WIRELESS CHARGING BRACKET D852,135 S

D855,566 S
6/2019 Mei
8/2019 Chen
D13 / 108
D13/ 108
( 71) Applicants : Songzhen Li, Fuyang (CN ); Fei Zhang , D857,626 S 8/2019 Zhang D13 / 108
D858,437 S * 9/2019 Lu D13 / 108
Shenzhen (CN ) D873,216 S * 1/2020 Zhang D13 / 108
D875,043 S 2/2020 Yi D13 / 108
(72 ) Inventors : Songzhen Li, Fuyang (CN ); Fei Zhang , D875,679 S * 2/2020 Yi D13 / 108
Shenzhen (CN ) D877,072 S 3/2020 Yin D13 /108
D879,035 S 3/2020 Li D13 / 108
(** ) Term : 15 Years D881,123 S * 4/2020 Zhang D13 / 108
D884,621 S * 5/2020 Feng D13 / 108
D884,622 S * 5/2020 Huang D13 / 108
(21) Appl. No.: 29 /716,603 2016/0261139 A1 * 9/2016 Kidakarn HO2J 50/10
(22 ) Filed : Dec. 11 , 2019 * cited by examiner
(51) LOC ( 12 ) CI. ..... 13-02 Primary Examiner Rosemary K Tarcza
(52) U.S. CI.
USPC D13 / 108 (57) CLAIM
(58 ) Field of Classification Search The ornamental design for a wireless charging bracket, as
USPC D13 / 103 , 107–108 , 110 , 118 , 184 , 199 ; shown and described .
D14 / 250 , 253, 432 , 434
CPC .. HO2J 77005; HO2J 7/025 ; HO2J 50/00 ; HO2J
50/10 ; HO2J 50/12 ; HO2J 50/40 ; HO2J DESCRIPTION
50/402 ; HO2J 50/50 ; HO2J 50/80
See application file for complete search history . FIG . 1 is a perspective view of a wireless charging bracket
showing my new design ;
( 56 ) References Cited FIG . 2 is another perspective view thereof;
FIG . 3 is a front view thereof;
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS FIG . 4 is a rear view thereof;
D610,084 S 2/2010 Christopher FIG . 5 is a left side view thereof;
D762,650 S * 8/2016 Dang D14 / 434 FIG . 6 is a right side view thereof;
D791,072 S 7/2017 Hoehn FIG . 7 is a top plan view thereof; and ,
D813,805 S * 3/2018 Zhong D13 / 108 FIG . 8 is a bottom plan view thereof.
D814,413 S * 4/2018 Zhong D13 / 108 The broken lines in the figures illustrate portions of the
9,996,055 B2 * 6/2018 Wierenga G04G 19/00
wireless charging bracket that form no part of the claimed
D826,851 S * 8/2018 Wang D13 / 108
design .
D839,190 S 1/2019 Xie D13 / 108
D845,308 S * 4/2019 Ma D14447
D852,134 S * 6/2019 Mei D13 / 108 1 Claim , 8 Drawing Sheets
U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 1 of 8 US D889,403 S
UUUU
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Zhang v. Jpfreepe - Complaint

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Zhang v. Jpfreepe - Complaint

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Case: 1:23-cv-16011 Document #: 1 Filed: 11/16/23 Page 1 of 10 PageID #:1

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

this Complaint against JPFreepe (“Defendant”) and alleges as follows:

Nature of the Action

products which infringe Plaintiff’s patented design (the “Infringing Products”).

Infringing Products to unknowing consumers.

for the Plaintiff Design is attached hereto as Exhibit 1.

injunctive and monetary relief.

Jurisdiction and Venue

1338 (for claims arising under the U.S. Patent Act).

including in Illinois and in this Judicial District.

patented design, herein referred to as the “Plaintiff Design.”

Fei Zhang and Songzhen Li. Exhibit 1.

this Judicial District.

Defendant’s Unlawful Conduct

increasing 246% from 2017 to 2022.3

Singapore, and Hong Kong.4

President of the United States, January 24, 2020.

Statistics, available at, https://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/assets/documents/2020-

infringe design patents, thus closing a loophole currently exploited by infringers.5

multiple virtual storefronts.7

even though they are commonly owned and operated.8

owners to locate or identify sources of [infringement].”9

157, 186 (2020).

including this Judicial District.

online marketplace “JPFreepe”. True and correct screenshots of Defendant’s Temu.com

storefront attached hereto as Exhibit 2.

prominently in the product pictures, including as the first picture. Exhibit 2.

of their infringement operations.

infringe directly and/or indirectly the Plaintiff Design. Exhibit 3.

29. Defendant’s infringement of the Plaintiff Design was willful.

irreparably harming Plaintiff.

Count I - Patent Infringement (25 U.S.C. § 271)

ornamental design claimed in Plaintiff’s U.S. Patent No. D889,403.

Plaintiff is entitled to injunctive relief pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 283.

damages as appropriate pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 284.

permanently enjoined and restrained from:

Plaintiff Design; and

c. effecting assignments or transfers, forming new entities or associations or utilizing any

forth in Subparagraphs (a) and (b).

together with interest and costs, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 284;

infringement of the Plaintiff Design, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 289;

Dated this November 16, 2023

(54 ) WIRELESS CHARGING BRACKET D852,135 S

U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 1 of 8 US D889,403 S

U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 2 of 8 US D889,403 S

U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 3 of 8 US D889,403 S

U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 4 of 8 US D889,403 S

U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 5 of 8 US D889,403 S

U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 6 of 8 US D889,403 S

U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 7 of 8 US D889,403 S

U.S. Patent Jul. 7 , 2020 Sheet 8 of 8 US D889,403 S

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