PROBLEMS FOR PRACTICE

7. One gram mole of an ideal gas at N.T.P. is first

SOTHERMAL AND
expanded isothermalily to twice the original
ADIABATIC PROCESSESS
volume. It is then compressed at constant voBume.
1. A cylinder containing 1 gram mole oí a gas was till its pressure is raised to the original value.
compressed adiabaticaily until its temperafure rose Calculate the total amount of work done. Given R
from 27C to 97C.Calculate work done and heat 8-3 J mole-l K-l. [Ans. 1-57 x 10* J]
produced in the gas. Take y = 1-5. 8. A tyre pumped to a pressure of6 atmosphere bursts
[Ans. 1162 J, 276-7 cals] suddenly. Calculate the temperature of escaping
2. A sample of gas (y 1-5) is compressed air. Given initial
temperature is 15°C and y
=
room
adiabatically from a volume of 1600 c.c to 400 for air is 14. [Ans. 172-6 K]
C.c. If the initial pressure is 150 kPa, what is the 9. Find the final volume of a
gram molecule of a gas
final pressure. How much work is done on the gas after an isothermal
in the process ?
expansion at 127°C, if the
[Ans. 1200 kPa ; - 480 J] original volume is 400 c.c. Given the amount of
3. 200 cm of a gas is compressed to 100 cm at work done by a gram molecule
of a gas during
atmospheric pressure (10 dyne/cm). Find the expansion is 2302-6 joule, R 8-3 =
joule mole
resultant pressure if the change is (i) slow K-
10. A
[Ans. 800 c.e.]
(i)sudden. Take y= 14. quantity of air at normal
temperature com- is
[Ans. ) 2 atm (i) 2638 atm] pressed (a) slowly (b) suddenly to one third of its
4. An ideal monoatomic gas is taken around the cycle
volume. Find the rise in
case, y= 14. temperature, if any in each
ABCDA, where co-ordinates of A, B, C andD on [Ans. (a) Zero (b) 150-6°C]
11. Two different
P-V diagram are A (p, V), B (2 p. V), C (2p, 2 V) adiabatic for the same gas
curves
and D (p. 2 V). Cakculate work done during the intersect two isothermals at
in P-V T, and T as shown
Cycle [Ans.p diagram, Fig. 8.23. How does the ratio
5. A quantity of air at 27C and atmospheric pressure (VVcompare with the
ratio (V,/V)?
is suddeniy compressed to half its original volume.
FIGURE 8.23
Find the final (i pressure and (i) temperaure.
Given y for air = 1-42. T1
[Ans. (i) 2675 atmosphere (i) 128:3°CT
6. A cylinder containingone gram mole of a gas was
put on boiling water bath and compressed D
adiabatically till its temperature rose by 70°C.
Calculate the work done and heat developed in
he gas, = 15, R=2 cal. moleK-,
[Ans. 1176 joule, 280 cal.]
[Ans. Same]
 urlm

T H E R M O D Y N A M I C S

50°C and 75 em of
ercury pressure, a definite
12. Ifat while doing 70 J of work. How much heat has to
mass of a gas is compressed (i) slowly (i) enly,
be the final pressure and be supplied in taking the same gas from state a to
then what will temp. of
each case, if the final volume : state b via another path when it perförms 200 J of
the gas in one
work ?
initial volume ? y= 15. [Ans. 235 J]
fourth of the 22. One gram mole of an ideal
Ans. ) 300 em; 50°C i) 600 cm; 373°C1 gas at S.T.P. is subjected
to a reversible adiabatic expansion to double its
13, An ideal monoatomic gas is taken round the eycle
volume. Find the change in internal energy in the
ABCDA where co-ordinates of A, B, C, D on P-V
diagram are A (p, V), B(2p, V). C(2p, 2 V) and D
process. Take y= 14. [Ans. 1373-2 J]
23. If 1 gram of oxygen at 760 mm pressure and 0°CC
(p, 2 V). Calculate work done during the cycle.
has its volume doubled in an adiabatic change;
[Ans. pV]1 calculate the change in internal energy. Take R=2
14. Calculate net work done by the gas whose cal. mole- K-, J = 4-2 J cal. and y = 1.4.
thermodynamical behaviour is represented by right
[Ans.-43-37J]
angled triangle ABC on P-V diagram. The P-V 24. Ten mole of hydrogen at N.T.P. is compressed
co-ordinates are: A (20, 6), B (10, 12) and
C(10, 6) where P is in Nm and Vis in m3
adiabatically so that its temperature becomes
400°C. How much work is done on the gas ? Also,
[Ans. 30 J calculate the increase in internal energy of the gas.
15. One mole of an ideal gas is heated from 273 K to Take R = 8-4 J mole K and y = 14.
546 K at constant pressure of 1 atmosphere. [Ans.-8-4 x 104 J : 8-4 x 104 J
Calculate the work done by the gas in the process. 25. Calculate the increase in internal energy of 1 kg of
LAns. 2-26 x 105 J] water at 100°C when it is converted into steam at
the same temp. and at 1 atmosphere (100 kPa).
16. Three moles of an ideal gas at 127°C expand
The density of water and steam are 1000 kg/m*
isothermally until the volume is doubled. Calculate
and 0-6 kg/m' respectively. The latent heat of
the amount of work done and heat absorbed. vaporization of water = 2-25 x 10° J/kg.
[Ans. 6912J, 6912 J] [Ans. 2-08x 106 J]
FIRST LAW 26. The internal energy of a monoatomic ideal gas is
PE
OF THERMODYNAMICS 1-5 nR AT. One mole of He is kept in a cylinder of
cross section 8-5 cm. The cylinder is closed by a
17. A volume' of 10 m3 of a liquid is supplied with
light frictionless piston. The gas is heated slowly
100 kcal ofheat and expands at a constant pressure
in a process during which a total of 42 J heat is
of 10 atm to a final volume of 10-2 m'. Calculate
given to the gas. If the temperature rises through
the work done and change in internal energy.
2°C, find the distance moved by the piston. Take 1
[Ans. 48 kcal. 52 kcall atmospheric pressure = 100 k Pa. [Ans. 20 eml
. At
o°C and
normal atmospheric pressure, the
g of water increases from 1 cm
to
volume of 1
T-091 cm on freezing. What is the change
n internal energy ? Normal atmospheric pressure
1-013 x 10 N/m2 and latent heat of melting ice
80 cal g [Ans. 80-0022 cal]
A sample of ideal gas (y= 1-4) is heated at constant
pressure. If 140 J of heat is supplied to the gas.
Find (i) change in internal energy of the gas
(i) work done by the [Ans. 100J; 40 J]
gas.
One kg of water at 373 K is converted into steam
Lne same temperature. The volume 1 cm or
water becomes1671 em3 on boiling. Calculate the
hange in internal energyof the system, if heat of
Vaporisation is 540 calg-1, Given standara
nOSpheric pressure =1-013[Ans.
x10° 499-84
Nm kcal]
21.
hen a gas is taken from one state a to another
stateb via one path, it absorbs 25 calories of heat