CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORYPROJECT

Submited by: -
Sourabh Mishra
Class- XI Section- A
Roll Number- 12134 Session2020-21
Submitted to Mr. Mahendra Kalra
Topic-Making a plastic from starch.
 FAALAL

starch.
Aim-Making a plasticfrom
 CERTIFICATE|
This is hereby to certify that, the original and
investigation work has been carried out to
genuine
investigate about the subject matter and related data
collection and datainvestigation has been
and satisfactorily by
completed solely, sincerely
Sourabh Mishra of Class:- XI- A

Itarana, regarding his project

Kendriya Vidyalaya
from starch."
titled "Making a plastic

Sigahue al Tafennaltonui

lulanipeli
Shratoe
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to
express my profound and
to those who appreciation
helped me with this project, for their time
expended and for sharing their insights about the
project.
lhave been immeasurably enriched
by workingunder
the guidance and
supervision of Mr:Mahendra Kalra PGT
CHEMISTRY, who has a greatlevel ofknowledge and has an
artofencouraging, Correctingand directing me in every
situationpossible, which has enabled metocompletethe
project.Iwould alsoliketothankallthe people whohave
helped mein this project and appreciate the available
sources who provided me with the research papers.

SOURABHMISRA
XII- A
CONTENTS
01 ABOUT
AIM
INTRODUCTON
02 THEORY
03 REQUIREMENT

04 PROCEDURE

05 RESULT & CONLUSION

06 BIBL0GRAPHY
 ABOUT|
Aim: Makinga plasticfromstarch

Introduction
Plastic pollution is currently one of the biggest
environmental concerns. Synthetic Plastics are made
upoflongchainofmolecules (polymer)
containing repeated units of carbon atoms
(monomer). These Synthetic polymers has extremely
strong carbon-carbon bond with each other.
Because of this inherent molecular stability,
plasticsdonotbreakdownintosimplercomponents
easily.
Soto find the alternative ofthis problem I made a
successful attempt to make a biodegradable plastic. We say
it Biodegradable because natural organisms are capable of
breaking the material down into
smaller parts. We use starch polymer(Amylose)
whichisbiodegradable innature and hence
successfullyconverted toreplacementofplastic.
three to six months
Biodegradable plastics take three to six months to
decompose fully. That's much quicker than synthetic
counterparts that take several hundred years.
Exactly how long a biodegradable bag takes to break
down depends on various factors, such as
temperature and the amount of moisture present.

How long do biodegradable bags take to decompose? BBC

.-

https://www.sciencefocus.com science how-long-do-biodegradable-bags-...

About Featured Snippels EFeedback

HOULOUG
DOES TT TA
1,000 years FOR CARBACE
T0 DECOHFOSH?
Plastic Waste

Normally, plastic items can take up to 1,000 years to

decompose in landfills. Even plastic bags we use in
our everyday life take anywhere from 10 to 1,000
years to decompose, and plastic bottles can take 450
years or more.

How Long Does It Take Garbage to Decompose? - The

https://www.thebalancesmb.com how-long-does-it-take-garbage-to-decom...
About Foalurod Srnippots A Feedback
 THEORRY
Why we chose starch?
Starch is made oflong chains ofglucose molecules
joined together.Strictly, it contains two polymers:
which is straight chained, and amylopectin, which
amylose,
is branched.

Glucose(simple sugar) is essential forlife, that

beingthereason manyorganisms frombacteria to
human break starch into simplesugar(glucose).

Howitdegradesinto simplesugar?
called glucose
Starch is a chain ofsimple sugarmonomers
called
thebonds that connect thena r e
glycosidicbonds an enzyme calledamylasehelps
breaksugarpartbyfittingbetween twomonomers.

breakthe
A water molecule is absorbed is orderto
called
between two m o n o m e r s in a process
glycosidic bond
hydrolysis.
Structural representation is as below:-

HO- -OH -OH -OH

OH H) OH
pH HOV
OH
o
HO HoV

OH OH OH OH
enol-1,5-anhydro
D-fructose

-OH

OH
HO

keto-1,5-anhydro
D-fructose
 REQUIREMENT

1.Potato starch

2. Propan-
1,2,3triol(glycerol)
3.Hydrochloric acid

4.Sodium hydroxide
5. Spiritlamp
6.Tripod
7.Universal Indicator

paper 8.Stirring rod

9.China dish
 PROCEDURE
1. Startthe experimentby placing tripod over a
it.
Spirit lamp with china dish at above
2 Add s o m e water into the china dish.
Note:Iftoo much wateris used, the polymer does not
solidify and remains a liquid
Then add starch little by little with continuous stir.
3
Avoid making air bubbles.
Note: When starch is dried from an aqueous
solutionitformsafilmasaresultofhydrogen
bonding betweenthe chains

4. Add some HCl into the mixture.

Note: After step3 However, the amylopectin
additionof
inhibits the formation ofthe film. The
hydrochloricacidbreaks the amylopectindown,
formation
allowing a more satisfactory film
 5. Add propan1,2,3-triol in suitable amount.
Note:The addition of propan-1,2,3-triol has an
effect because ofits hydroscopic (water
attracting)properties. Water boundto the
propan-1,2,3-triol gets in amongst the starch
chains and inhibits the formation ofcrystalline
areas, preventing brittleness and resulting in
more plastic'properties.

6. Toneutralize HCl add some Na0H into it.

7. Afteryouobserveitforminglike Plasticfilmor
Vaseline like gellayit down to flat surface.
8. Spread itinto long sheet ofdesired thickness.
9. letit dry properly for atleast an hour properly.
10 Pealit out from the surface. And your plasticis
formed.
Mixing of chemicals at raised temperature

Making thin sheet of plastic.

 CONCLUSION|
Thus we obtain fair
looking plastic.
a

Thingsthat could bedonebetteristopierceout plastic

properly once its prepared and little food colour can be added
for good appearance

RESULT |
We obtained a Plastic piece which demonstrates that starch can be used
|to make plastic.

BIBLOGRAPHY
https://scholar.google.com/L
https://www.google.com/