Report Form

CAN THO UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENIGNEERING

Assignment Report
Subject: Electrical Measurement (KC163H)
Topic: Measurement of Phase Angle Errors of Precision Current Shunts in the Frequency
Range From 40 Hz to 200 kHz

We declare that:
This assessment item is entirely our own original work, except where we have
acknowledged use of source material [such as books, journal articles, other published material,
the Internet, and the work of other student/s or any other person/s.
This assessment item has not been submitted for assessment for academic credit in this, or
any other course, at CTU or elsewhere.

We understand that:
The assessor of this assessment item may, for the purpose of assessing this item, reproduce
this assessment item and provide a copy to another member of the University
The assessor may communicate a copy of this assessment item to a plagiarism checking
service (which may then retain a copy of the assessment item on its database for the purpose of
future plagiarism checking).

Names, student ids, signatures and date

Student name: (enrollment rates) Student ID Signature Date

Nguyen Trong Tri............................................................B2110631............................. 11/17/2023

Nguyen Minh Khoi..........................................................B2110586............................. 11/17/2023

Nguyen Ba Kham............................................................B2104376............................. 11/17/2023

Measurement of Phase Angle Errors of Precision Current Shunts in the Frequency
Range From 40 Hz to 200 kHz
Abstract
Precision current shunts are essential components of ac power and ac–dc transfer standards.
Their accuracy is crucial for reliable power measurements, particularly at frequencies beyond a
few kilohertz. This study presents a detailed measurement technique to determine the phase
angle errors of precision current shunts in the frequency range from 40 Hz to 200 kHz.
The measurement technique utilizes a comparison method with nonreactive micropotentiometer
resistors as reference standards. The phase angle between the input current and the output
voltage of each shunt is meticulously measured using a high-precision phase meter.
The results demonstrate that the phase angle errors of the shunts are exceptionally small, ranging
from a few micro radians at low frequencies to less than 150 µrad at 200 kHz. The standard
uncertainties of the measurements are impressively low, ranging from 1.3 µrad at low
frequencies to less than 150 µrad at 200 kHz.
These findings underscore the remarkable accuracy of the shunts and their suitability for ac
power and ac–dc transfer standards. The study contributes to the advancement of power
measurement techniques and provides valuable insights into the performance of precision current
shunts in a wide frequency range.
Keywords: precision current shunts, phase angle errors, ac power standards, ac–dc transfer
standards, power measurement accuracy
1. Introduction
Precision current shunts play a critical role in ac power and ac–dc transfer standards, enabling
accurate measurements of alternating current (AC) power. Their performance is characterized by
two key parameters: amplitude errors and phase angle errors. Amplitude errors represent
deviations in the magnitude of the output voltage from the expected value, while phase angle
errors represent deviations in the phase angle between the input current and the output voltage.
Accurate determination of both amplitude and phase angle errors is essential for ensuring the
reliability of power measurements, particularly at frequencies beyond a few kilohertz. Phase
angle errors, also known as phase angle defect angles, can significantly impact the accuracy of
power measurements, especially when dealing with reactive circuits.
2. Overview
To determine the phase angle errors of the precision current shunts, a meticulously designed
comparison method was employed. The method involved utilizing a group of carefully selected
nonreactive micropotentiometer resistors, renowned for their low ac–dc differences. These
resistors, with theoretically calculable ac–dc differences in the frequency range from 40 Hz to 1
MHz, served as reference standards for the measurements.
The shunts and the micropotentiometer resistors were connected in series, forming a
measurement circuit. The phase angle between the input current and the output voltage of each
shunt was meticulously measured using a high-precision phase meter. This phase meter,
meticulously calibrated against a reference phase standard, ensured the accuracy of the phase
angle measurements.
3. Results
The meticulously conducted measurements yielded remarkable results, revealing that the phase
angle errors of the shunts were exceptionally small. The errors ranged from a few microradians
at low frequencies to less than 150 µrad at 200 kHz. These results demonstrate the exceptional
accuracy of the shunts, making them highly suitable for ac power and ac–dc transfer standards.
The standard uncertainties of the measurements exhibited an impressive range, from 1.3 µrad at
low frequencies to less than 150 µrad at 200 kHz. These uncertainties, remarkably low,
underscore the high precision of the measurement technique and the reliability of the results.
4. Conclusions
The meticulously developed measurement technique has proven to be highly effective in
accurately determining phase angle errors of precision current shunts in the frequency range
from 40 Hz to 200 kHz. The obtained results unequivocally demonstrate that the shunts exhibit
exceptionally small phase angle errors, making them highly suitable for ac power and ac–dc
transfer standards.
This study not only contributes to the advancement of power measurement techniques but also
provides valuable insights into the performance of precision current shunts in a wide frequency
range. The results obtained can be utilized to optimize power measurement systems and ensure
the accuracy of power measurements in various applications.
5. Opinions
The measurement of phase angle errors of precision current shunts in the frequency range from
40 Hz to 200 kHz is crucial for ensuring accurate current measurements in various high-
frequency applications. This particular research or measurement technique is essential in
understanding the behavior and performance of precision current shunts at different frequencies.
By analyzing and quantifying the phase angle errors, valuable information is obtained regarding
the accuracy and reliability of current measurements.
Furthermore, the chosen frequency range of 40 Hz to 200 kHz covers a wide range of
applications across industries such as power electronics, telecommunications, and measurement
instruments. By focusing on this range, the research ensures that the results are widely applicable
in real-world scenarios.
Overall, the measurement of phase angle errors of precision current shunts in the frequency
range from 40 Hz to 200 kHz is a valuable research topic. It has practical implications in
improving the accuracy of current measurements in high-frequency applications and can
contribute to the development of reliable and precise measurement techniques.
References
1.Budovsky, I. (2007). Measurement of phase angle errors of precision current shunts in the
frequency range from 40 Hz to 200 kHz. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and
Measurement, 56(2), 284-289.
2.Rydler, K., Bergsten, T., & Tarasso, V. (2004). Precision electromagnetic metrology:
Characterization and calibration of current shunts. Springer Science & Business Media.