6.

2 Solve Quadratic Equations by Factoring

Given quadratic equation

ax2+bx+c=0 a, b, c – real numbers, a≠ 0
3x2+8x+4=0
To solve quadratic equation means to find all the values
Of x that make left side equal right side, when substituted
Into original equation.
Solving by factoring:
AB=0
A=0 or B=0
Example 1. Solve:

a) (x+1)(x-5)=0

X+1=0 or x-5=0
X=-1 x=5

b) (x-2)(x+4)=0

x-2=0 or x+4=0
X=2 x=-4

c)x(x-11) =0
X=0 or x-11=0
X=11
d) (2x-1)(3x-4)=0
2x-1=0 3x-4=0
2x=1 3x=4
1 4
x¿ x=
2 3
Solve by factoring:
a) x2+9x+14=0 Sum=9, Product =14=2×7
(x+2)(x+7)=0 Factor
X+2=0 x+7=0 Make each bracket equal 0
X=-2 x=-7 Solve for x

b) x 2−7 x +6=0
(x-1)(x-6)=0
x-1=0 x-6=0
x=1 x=6
Check:
12-7(1)+6=0 62-7(6)+6=0
0=0 36 -42+6=0
LS=RS 0=0 LS=RS
c) 2x2+5x=0
x (2 x+5)=0
X=0 2x+5=0
X=0 2x=-5
−5
X=0 x=
2

Solve . Check your answers by substitution.

6x2-x=15 MAKE RIGHT SIDE EQUAL 0

6x2-x-15=0 sum=-1 product = -90= -10x9
6x2-10x+9x-15=0
(6x2-10x)+(9x-15)=0
2x(3x-5)+3(3x-5)=0
(2x+3)(3x-5)=0
2x+3=0 3x-5=0
2x=-3 3x=5
−3 5
.x= x=
2 3
2
6x -x=15
Check (Substitute into original equation)
3 2 −3
6(− ¿ ¿ −(
2 2 ()
)=6
9 3 54 3 27 3 30
+ = + = + = =15
4 2 4 2 2 2 2
15=15
LS=RS
5 2 5
3 () ( )
6( ¿ ¿ − =6
3 9
− =
3( )
25 5 150 5 50 5 45
9
− = − =
3 3 3 3
=15
15=15
LS=RS

Solve by factoring and check.

c2-17c+30=0 product=30 sum =-17=-2 x-15
(c-2)(c-15)=0
c-2=0 c-15=0
C=2 c=15
Check (Substitute into original equation)
22- 17(2)+30 =4 -34+30 =0
0=0
LS=RS
152- 17(15)+30 =225-255+30 =0
0=0
LS=RS
16b2-1=0
(4b-1)(4b+1)=0 DIFFERENCE OF SQUARES
4b-1=0 4b+1=0
4b=1 4b=-1
1 −1
b= b=
4 4

4y2-12y+9=0
(2y)2 -2(2y)(3)+32=0
(2y-3)2=0
If A2=0, then A=0
2y-3=0
2y=3
3
Y= =1.5 ONE SOLUTION
2

Practice: Solve
-5=2p -16p2
16p2-2p-5=0 PRODUCT : -80=-10 x 8, SUM : -2=-10+8
2
16p -10p+8p-5=0
2p(8p-5)+1(8p-5)=0
(2p+1)(8p-5)=0
2p+1=0 8p-5=0
2p=-1 8p=5
−1 5
.p= p=
2 8

Word problem solving

1. A rectangle has dimensions x+10 and 2x-3.
Determine the value of x that gives an area of 54.
A=LxW
A=(x+10)(2x-3)=54
2x2-3x+20x-30-54=0 Expand and bring 54
to the left. Collect like terms
2x2+17x-84=0 PRODUCT: -168 =-7 x24
SUM: 17=-7+24
2x2 -7x+24x-84=0
X(2x-7)+12(2x-7)=0
(x+12)(2x-7)=0
X+12=0 2x-7=0
X=-12 2x=7
7
X=-12 or x=
2
x+10= -12 +10 = -2 Length can’t be negative
2. The hypotenuse of right triangle measures 29 cm.
One leg is 1 cm shorter than the other. What are the lengths
of the legs?

X 29 x 2+(x+1)2=292 Pythagorean theorem

x 2+x2+2x+1=841
2x 2+2x+1-841=0
2x 2+2x-840=0
x+1 2(x 2+x -420)=0
2(x+21)(x-20) =0
X+21=0 x-20=0
X=-21 x=20

X=20 X+1=21
The legs are 20 cm and 21 cm.
202+212=
400+441=
841=292
3. At the Mini Market, as the price of milk drops, sales increase.
On an average day, a 4-L bag of milk costs $3.90 and the store
cells average of 120 bags. For each $0.10 reduction
in price of a 4-L bag, sales increase by 20 bags per day.
Price, in dollars: 3.90 – 0.10n
Number of bags: 120 + 20n,
.where n is the number of $0.10 price reductions.
The total revenue is the product of the price and number
of bags sold. Find how many price reductions will result in
revenue of $700.
Revenue: (3.90 -0.10n)(120 + 20n) =700
468 +78n-12n-2n2=700
468 +66n -2n2=700
0=2n2-66n+700-468
0=2n2-66n+232
0=2(n2-33n+116)
0=2(n-4)(n-29)
.n=4 n=29
3.90-0.1(4)=3.50 3.90-0.1(29)=1.00
Other questions:
4. Write a quadratic equation in factored and expanded form
ax2+bx+c=0 for each situation with integer coefficients:
 a) The roots of equation are 5 and 4.
X=5 x=4
x-5=0 x-4=0
(x-5)(x-4)=0
X2-9x+20=0
How many different quadratic equations are possible?
Answer: infinite number of equations.
You can write any other equation with roots 5 and 4 by multiplying
X2-9x+20=0 by any number not equal 0.
3(X2-9x+20)=0
3X2-27x+60=0
b) The roots of equation are -2 and 3.
X=-2 x=3
X+2=0 x-3=0
(x+2)(x-3)=0
X2-x-6=0

5. Write a quadratic equation in expanded form ax2+bx+c=0 with

2 4
roots and - where a, b and c are integers,
3 5

−4 2
X= multiply by 5 x= multiply by 3
5 3
5x=-4 3x=2
5x+4=0 3x-2=0
(5x+4)(3x-2)=0
15x2-10x+12x-8=0
15x2+2x-8=0

6. Solve.

a) multiply by 12
2
12 x 12 x 1
− =12( )
4 3 3
3x2-4x=4
3x2- 4x -4=0
3x2-6x+2x-4=0
3x(x-2)+2(x-2)=0
(x-2)(3x+2)=0
x-2=0 3x+2=0
x=2 3x=-2 Divide by 3
−2
x=2 x=
3
b) Solve.
 Multiply by 4
1-5n2 =-124
0=5n2-1-124
0=5n2-125
0=5(n2-25)
0=5(n-5)(n+5)
5=0 n-5=0 n+5=0
No solution n=5 n=-5

9. (HOMEWORK QUESTION) A picture that measures 10 cm by 5 cm is to be

surrounded by a mat. The mat is to be the same width on all sides of the picture.
The area of the mat is to be twice the area of the picture. What is the width of the
mat?

X X
X X Let x be the width of the mat

X X

X X
Length with the mat: 10+2x
Width with the mat: 5+2x
Area of picture: 10 x 5 =50
Area of the picture with mat: (10+2x)(5+2x)
Area of the mat: (10+2x)(5+2x)-50

(10+2x)(5+2x)-50 =2(50)
50+10x+20x+4x2-50=100
4x2+30x-100=0 Divide 2
2x2+15x-50=0
2x2-5x+20x-50=0
X(2x-5)+10(2x-5)=0
(x+10)(2x-5)=0
X+10=0 2x-5=0
X=-10 x=5/2