Language Translation-Pokus NG Pandiwa

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1.

Pokus sa Tagaganap o Aktor (Actor Focus): The subject is the one doing the action
expressed by the verb.
Si Ate Flor ay nagluto ng adobong manok.

The subject is Ate Flor and she is the one who performed the action expressed by the
verb nagluto. Ate Flor is the one doing the cooking. The focus of the verb nagluto is actor
focus (pokus sa tagaganap o aktor).

2. Pokus sa Layon o Gol (Goal Focus): The subject is the receiver of the action
expressed by the verb. The subject is the direct object of the verb. The action is being done
on the subject.
Ang adobong manok ay niluto ni Ate Flor.

The subject is the adobong manok and the action niluto was done on the adobong
manok. The focus of the verb niluto is goal focus (pokus sa layon o gol).

3. Pokus sa Ganapan o Lokatib (Locative Focus): The subject is the place or location
where the action expressed by the verb takes place. The “location” can be as large as a
park, auditorium, country, or continent, or as small as a table, container, bucket, or plate.
Ang kawali ay pinaglutuan ni Ate Flor ng adobong manok.

The subject is the kawali and the action pinaglutuan was done in the kawali. The
adobong manok was cooked in the kawali. The focus of the verb pinaglutuan is locative
focus (pokus sa ganapan o lokatib).

4. Pokus sa Tagatanggap o Benepaktib (Benefactive Focus): The subject benefits


from the action expressed by the verb.
Si Nanay ay ipinagluto ni Ate Flor ng adobong manok.

The subject is Nanay and the action ipinagluto benefits her. Ipinagluto means “cooked
for.” Ate Flor cooked the adobong manok for Nanay. The focus of the verb ipinagluto is
benefactive focus (pokus sa tagatanggap o benepaktib).

5. Pokus sa Gamit o Instrumental (Instrumental Focus): The subject is used as the


instrument to do the action expressed by the verb.
Ang sandok ay ipinangkuha ni Ate Flor ng adobong manok sa kawali.

The subject is the sandok (ladle) and the action ipinangkuha means that the subject was
used to perform the action of getting the adobong manok. Ginamit ang sandok para
makuha ang adobong manok. The focus of the verb ipinangkuha is instrumental focus
(pokus sa gamit o instrumental).

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