LEVEL 06.

UNIT 1
LESSON 1: Get reacquainted with someone

Simple Past
We use the simple past to talk about activities that happened in a specific moment in the past.
We use expressions such as:
• Yesterday
• Last week/month/year/Monday
• 2 days/weeks/months/years ago
• 2016, 2000.
• 3:00, 7:30

VERBS IN PAST
Verb in base Verb in simple Verb in past Verb in Verb in Verb in past
form past participle base form simple past participle
dance danced danced be was - were been
cook cooked cooked come came come
watch watched watched put put put
kiss kissed kissed swim swam swum

The present perfect

We use the present perfect to talk about activities that happened in a general moment in the past.

VERBS IN PAST
Verb in base Verb in simple Verb in past Verb in Verb in Verb in past
form past participle base form simple past participle
dance danced danced be was - were been
watch watched watched take took taken
cook cooked cooked come came come
watch watched watched put put put
kiss kissed kissed swim swam swum
fix fixed fixed write wrote written

Structure in Subject Auxiliary Verb in past Complement

affirmative “have” participle
sentences
I have drunk Tequila before.
You have swum in Chapala lake.
We have cleaned the living room.
They have taken a lot of pictures.
You have written a love letter.
They have had 3 cats.

Subject + Auxiliary Verb in past Complement

“have” participle
I‘ve drunk Tequila before.
You‘ve swum in Chapala lake.
We‘ve cleaned the living room.
They‘ve taken a lot of pictures.
You‘ve written a love letter.
They‘ve had 3 cats.
 Structure in Subject Auxiliary Verb in past Complement
affirmative “have” participle
sentences
She has drunk Tequila before.
He has swum in Chapala lake.
It has cleaned the living room.
She has taken a lot of pictures.
He has written a love letter.
It has had 3 cats.

Subject + Auxiliary Verb in past Complement

“have” participle
She’s drunk Tequila before.
He’s swum in Chapala lake.
It’s cleaned the living room.
She’s taken a lot of pictures.
He’s written a love letter.
It’s had 3 cats.

Structure in Subject Auxiliary Verb in past Complement

negative “have” participle
sentences
I haven’t drunk Tequila before.
You haven’t swum in Chapala lake.
We haven’t cleaned the living room.
They haven’t taken a lot of pictures.
You haven’t written a love letter.
They haven’t had 3 cats.

Subject Auxiliary Verb in past Complement

“have” participle
She hasn’t drunk Tequila before.
He hasn’t swum in Chapala lake.
It hasn’t cleaned the living room.
She hasn’t taken a lot of pictures.
He hasn’t written a love letter.
It hasn’t had 3 cats.

Structure in YES / NO questions

Auxiliary Subject Verb in past Complement SHORT ANSWERS

“have” participle
Have I drunk Tequila before? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Have you swum in Chapala lake? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Have we cleaned the living room? Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have they taken a lot of pictures? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.
Have you written a love letter? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Have they had 3 cats? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.
Auxiliary Subject Verb in past Complement SHORT ANSWERS
“have” participle
Has she drunk Tequila before? Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.
Has he swum in Chapala lake? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
Has it cleaned the living room? Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
Has she taken a lot of pictures? Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.
Has he written a love letter? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
Has it had 3 cats? Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.