FACTUAL

EVIDENCE
 WHAT IS EVIDENCE?

—is a concrete facts used to support a claim. Ideally,

evidence something everyone agrees on, or something that
anyone could, with sufficient training and equipment, verify
for themselves.

Evidence is one of the two basic ingredient of argument (the

other is reasoning) and so a great deal of efforts goes to
ensuring its quality, and challenging the quality of evidence in
arguments we disagree with.
 WHAT IS FACTUAL
EVIDENCE?
Factual evidence is very convincing in argumentative essay.
The three types of factual evidence are:

1. FACTS
are the things that we know to be true like personal experiences
or observations and interviews, which provide empirical or
statistical information. These should come from a credible
source.
 WHAT IS FACTUAL
EVIDENCE?
Factual evidence is very convincing in argumentative essay.
The three types of factual evidence are:

2. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
are data that have been observed and tested.

Example: experiential data- these are scientific research

and testing
 WHAT IS FACTUAL
EVIDENCE?
Factual evidence is very convincing in argumentative essay.
The three types of factual evidence are:

3 .STATISTICAL INFORMATION
These are data gathered, sorted, analyzed, interpreted, and
presented by scientists.
There are several types of
factual evidence that can
be used to support claims
or arguments. Here are
some common types:
STATISTICAL
EVIDENCE

This type of evidence involves using numerical data and

statistics to support a claim. It can include things like surveys,
polls, studies, or data from reliable sources.
Document
-ation

Documentation refers to written or recorded evidence such as

official records, contracts, agreements, or legal documents. It
provides tangible proof to support a claim.
Eyewitness
accounts

Eyewitness accounts are statements or testimonies from

individuals who have personally witnessed an event or
situation. They can provide firsthand information about what
occurred.
Historical
evidence

Historical evidence involves using records, artifacts, or

documents from the past to support a claim or argument. It
can include things like historical texts, archaeological findings,
or photographs.
Experimental
evidence

Experimental evidence involves conducting controlled

experiments to gather data and support a claim. This type of
evidence is often used in scientific research and can provide
empirical support for a hypothesis.
 NOTE:

It's important to note that the strength of

evidence can vary depending on factors such
as its reliability, credibility, and relevance to the
claim being made. It's always a good idea to
critically evaluate the evidence and consider
multiple sources before drawing conclusions.

Source: Cornell Law School Legal Information

Institute
 WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO
CRITICALLY EVALUATE EVIDENCE
BEFORE DRAWING CONCLUSIONS?

It is important to critically evaluate evidence before

drawing conclusions because it helps ensure that
our conclusions are accurate, reliable, and based
on solid reasoning.
 A WARM
THANK YOU
TO ALL OF YOU!