UNIVERSITY OF CEBU - BANILAD

COLLEGE OF NURSING

Patient Care Delivery

System & Evidence-
Based Practices in
Nursing Management
A presentation by Group II of BSN 4-D
for Nursing Leadership and Management
Specific Objectives:
AFTER 2 HOURS OF DISCUSSION, THE BSN 4-D WILL LEARN HOW TO:
Assess client’s health status and competence by
interviewing, observing, and examining.
Formulate with the client a plan of care utilizing the
nursing process to address the health conditions,
needs, problems, and issues based on priorities.
Implement safe and quality interventions based on the
goals to address the client’s health needs, problems,
and issues.
Specific Objectives:
AFTER 2 HOURS OF DISCUSSION, THE BSN 4-D WILL LEARN HOW TO:

Provide health education using selected planning

models to targeted clientele.
Evaluate with the client the health status or competence
and the expected outcomes of nurse-client working
relationship.
Institute appropriate corrective actions to prevent or
minimize harm arising from adverse effects.
Specific Objectives:
AFTER 2 HOURS OF DISCUSSION, THE BSN 4-D WILL LEARN HOW TO:

Provide appropriate evidence-based nursing care using

a participatory approach based on variety of theories
and standard relevant to health and healing, research,
clinical practice, client preferences, client and staff
safety customer care standards correctly.
Patient Care
Delivery System
NURSING PROCESS IN THE DELIVERY
OF NURSING CARE SERVICES

PATIENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

MODALITIES OF CARE
NURSING PROCESS
According to American Nurses Association
(2010), nursing process is a critical thinking
process that professional nurses use to apply
the best available evidence to caregiving and
promoting human functions and responses to
health and illness.
 AS S E S S M E NT

NU R S I N G DI AG N O S I S

P LA N NI NG

COMPONENTS I M P LE M E N TATI O N
OF NURSING
PROCESS E V A LU A TI O N
 ASSESSMENT IS THE SYSTEMATIC
ASSESSMENT AND CONTINUOUS COLLECTION,
ORGANIZATION, VALIDATION,
AND DOCUMENTATION OF DATA
OR INFORMATION.

Initial Nursing Assessment

Problem Focused Assessment
Emergency Assessment
Time-lapsed Assessment
ASSESSMENT COLLECT DATA
GATHERING OF INFORMATION (SUBJECTIVE OR
OBJECTIVE DATA)

ORGANIZE DATA
NURSING HEALTH HISTORY OR NURSING
ASSESSMENT FORM

VALIDATE DATA

DOCUMENT DATA
DIAGNOSIS ACCORDING TO NANDA,
DIAGNOSIS IS A CLINICAL
JUDGEMENT CONCERNING A
HUMAN RESPONSE TO HEALTH
CONDITIONS/LIFE PROCESSES,
OR VULNERABILITY FOR THAT
RESPONSE, BY AN INDIVIDUAL,
FAMILY, GROUP OR COMMUNITY.
DIAGNOSIS ANALYZE DATA

IDENTIFY HEALTH PROBLEMS, RISKS,

AND STRENGTHS

FORMULATE DIAGNOSTIC STATEMENT

PES (PROBLEM, ETIOLOGY, SIGNS

AND SYMPTOMS) FORMAT
 PLANNING IS THE PROCESS OF
PLANNING
FORMULATING CLIENT GOALS
AND DESIGNING THE NURSING
INTERVENTIONS REQUIRED TO
PREVENT, REDUCE, OR
ELIMINATE CLIENT’S HEALTH
PROBLEMS.
 PRIORITIZE PROBLEMS
PLANNING USING MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

FORMULATE GOALS/DESIRED OUTCOMES

SHORT TERM/LONG TERM GOALS

SELECT NURSING INTERVENTIONS

INDEPENDENT, DEPENDENT, COLLABORATIVE
INTERVENTIONS

WRITE NURSING INTERVENTIONS

NURSING CARE PLAN
Maslow’s
Hierarchy
of Needs
IMPLEMENTATION IMPLEMENTATION IS DOING
THE NURSING
INTERVENTIONS PLANNED OR
WRITTEN TO IMPROVE
PATIENT’S HEALTH, AND
DOCUMENTING THE NURSING
ACTIVITIES.
EVALUATION EVALUATION IS A PLANNED,
ONGOING, PURPOSEFUL
ACTIVITY IN WHICH THE NURSE
DETERMINES THE CLIENT’S
PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING
THE GOALS/OUTCOMES, AND
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE
NURSING CARE PLAN.
 PATIENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
A L S O KNOWN AS PATI E N T A C U I T Y S Y S T E M

It is a tool used for managing and planning

the allocation of nursing staff in accordance
with the nursing care needs. It is used to
assist nurse leaders determine workload
requirements and staffing needs
Categories of PCS:

CLASS I CLASS II CLASS III CLASS IV

SELF CARE M O DE R AT E CARE CO M P LE T E CAR E I NT E NSI V E CAR E

clients who are clients who clients who are

clients who
ambulatory require some critically ill and
are bedridden
and can do in life and death
help or and who lack
ADL without situation who
assistance from strength to do
the help of a require
nursing staff. ADL.
nursing staff. frequent
monitoring.
Descriptive Style

Checklist Style
STYLES
Time Standard Style OF PCS
 DESCRIPTIVE
STYLE

The nurse selects which category

the patient is best suited.
 CHECKLIST
STYLE
The patient is assigned to a
numerical value based on the level
of activity in specific categories.
 TIME
STANDARD
STYLE
The nurse assigns a time value
based on the various activities
needed to be completed for the
patient.
 Measurement
of PCS:

NCH/PPD = Nursing hours worked in 24hrs

Patient census
 CASE METHOD

PRIMARY NURSING

TEAM NURSING

MODULAR NURSING

FUNCTIONAL NURSING

MODALITIES NURSING CASE MANAGEMENT

OF CARE INNOVATIVE/CONTEMPORARY
METHOD
Nursing care models vary in administration and
scope. While some provide quality care for large
numbers of patients, others focus on serving the
needs of individuals.

Nursing care models are fluid, allowing each

hospital, clinic or private practice to devise a
method to serve patients.
 The oldest mode of organizing patient
CASE METHOD care.
AKA TOTAL PATIENT CARE
In today’s medical industry, total patient
care can only be applied in certain types
of situations, including critical care and
home health care.

Nurses assume total responsibility for

meeting all the needs of assigned
patients during their time on duty
 Characteristics of
JO B SECURITY
Case Method Presentations are
Complete care
communication tools.

The patient It is developed

Nurses receives and
have high holistic and communicated
through written
autonomy unfragmented FLEX I BLE MEN Assigning
T ALLY
sources, its
and care during
SC H E DULES RE WA RDING
patients WORK is
usage remains in
responsibility the nurse's
Presentations are
contemporary simple
Presentations and
are
communication tools. communication tools.
time on duty. practice. direct
ADVANTAGES C O N T INUITY OF CARE
OF CASE
METHOD RA P P ORT CAN BE DEV E L O P E D

C L I E NT MAY FEEL MO R E C O M F O R T A B L E
A N D SECURE

FA M I LY AND FRIENDS B E C A M E B E T T E R K N O W N
B Y T HE NURSE

W O R K LOAD CAN BE EQ U A L L Y D I V I D E D B Y T H E S T A F F
DISADVANTAGES
OF CASE N U R S E MAY FEEL OVE R W O R K L O A D

METHOD

IT M U ST BE MODIFIED I F N O N - P R O F E S S I O NA L
H E A L TH WORKERS ARE U S E D

IT I S N O T POSSIBLE IF T H E N U R S E S A R E N OT A D E Q U A T E L Y
TRAI N ED FOR THE TO T A L C A R E O F T H E P A T I E N T
 It was developed in the 1960s with the
PRIMARY CARE aum of placing RNs at the bedside and
A K A R E L A T I O N S H I P B A S E D N U R SI N G improving the professional relationship
among staff members.

It involves total nursing care, directed

by a nurse on 24 hour basis as long as
the client is under the care

It supports a philosophy regarding

nurse and patient relationship.
PRIMARY CARE Primary nursing care - has proven
A K A R E L A T I O N S H I P B A S E D N U R SI N G
particularly successful in meeting
the needs of patients with complex
medical condition

This type of nursing care can also be

used in hospice nursing or home
care nursing.
 Characteristics of
JO B SECURITY
Primary Care
Presentations are
communication tools.

The primary
nurse assumes During work When the An integral
24-hour hours, the primary responsibility
responsibility primary nurse is not of the primary
from admission nurse FLEX I BLE on duty, care nurse
M E N T ALLY
is to
or start of provides SC H E DULES establish
is provided RE WA RDING WORK a
treatment to total direct by other good
Presentations are Presentations are
discharge or the communication
care forcommunication
the tools.junior communication tools.
treatment’s
end.
patient. nurses.
ADVANTAGES O PPO R TU NI TY FO R TH E NU R SE TO
SE E TH E CL I E NT AND FAMI L Y AS
OF PRIMARY O NE SY STE M

CARE N U R SI N G ACCO U N TAB I L I TY ,

R E SPO N SI B I L I TY A ND I NDE PE NDE NCE
AR E I N CR E A SE D,

TH E N U R SE I S AB L E TO U SE A WI DE R ANG E O F
SKI L L S, KNO WL E DG E AND E X PE R TI SE .

I N CR E A SE D TR U ST A N D SA TI SFACTI O N FO R B O TH

TH E N U R SE CO MMU N I CATE S WI TH A L L O TH E R H E AL TH TE A M
ME MB E R S I N V O L V E D I N CL I E NT CA R E
DISADVANTAGES TH E N U R SE MA Y B E I SO L ATE D
FR O M TH E CO L L E AG U E S
OF PRIMARY
CARE N U R SE MU ST B E MATU R E A ND
I N DE PE NDE NTL Y CO MPE TE NT

I T MA Y B E DI FFI CU L T TO R E CR U I T A ND R E TAI N
E N O U G H STAFF, E SPE CI A L L Y I N TI ME S O F
N U R SI NG SH O R TAG E

A SSO CI ATE N U R SE MAY FI N D I T DI FFI CU L T TO FO L L O W

TH E PL A NS MA DE B Y A NO TH E R I F TH E R E I S
DI SA G R E E ME N T O R WH E N A PA TI E N T'S CO NDI TI O N
CH A NG E S.
 Based on philosophy in which groups of
TEAM NURSING professional and non-professional
personnel work together to identify plan.

The charge nurse delegates task to team

members and supervises them.

Each member of the team performs

specific duties appropriate to their role to
provide total patient care.
ADVANTAGES
OF TEAM SH AR I N G R E SPO NSI B I L I TI E S AND
CR E ATI NG A PR O TO CO L FO R
NURSING CO MMU N I CA TI O N AMO NG AL L STAFF.

E N H AN CE PA TI E N T SA TI SFACTI O N DU E TO
PR O V I DI NG TH E MO ST CO MPR E H E N SI V E
I N DI V I DU A L I ZE D CAR E B Y U TI L I ZI NG TH E
STR E NG TH S O F AL L ME MB E R S.

J O B SATI SFACTI O N I S A L SO I MPR O V E D DU E TO TH E

CO N TR I B U TI O N O F AL L TE AM ME MB E R S TO DE CI SI O N
MA KI NG .
DISADVANTAGES E STA B L I SH I NG TE A M CO NCE PT
TAKE S TI ME , E FFO R T A ND
OF TEAM CO N STA N CY O F PE R SO NNE L .

NURSING U NSTAB L E STAFFI N G PATTE R N MA KE .

CA N L E A D TO B L U R R E D L I NE S O F
R E SPO N SI B I L I TY , E R R O R S, FR AG ME NT AND
DE PE R SO NA L I ZE D PA TI E N T CAR E .

SO ME TI ME S TH E L E A DE R MA Y N O T H A V E TH E
L E A DE R SH I P SKI L L S R E Q U I R E D TO E FFE CTI V E L Y
DI R E CT TH E TE A M.
 Is a modification of team nursing
and focuses on the patient's
MODULAR
NURSING
geographic location for staff
assignments.

Pairs or groups of nursing staff

are collaboratively assigned to a
group of patients.
 The patient unit is divided into modules
or districts, and the same team of
MODULAR
NURSING caregivers is consistently assigned to the
exact geographic location.

Just as in team nursing, in modular

nursing the team leader is accountable
for all patient care and is responsible for
providing leadership and creating a
cooperative work environment for team
members.
ADVANTAGES
OF MODULAR
C O N T INUITY OF CARE I S I M P R O V E D .
NURSING

RN M ORE INVOLVED I N P L A N N I N G A N D
C O O R DINATING CARE.

GEOGRAPHIC CLOSENESS AND EFFICIENT

COMMUNICATION.
DISADVANTAGES
INCREASED COSTS TO STOCK
OF MODULAR EACH MODULE.
NURSING

LONG CORRIDORS NOT CONDUCIVE

TO MODULAR NURSING.
 A decade-old, traditional form of patient care.
The model relies on a hierarchy of nurses who
FUNCTIONAL
perform different tasks depending upon their
NURSING level of education, training and experience.

Functional nursing applies an an assembly-line

method of patient care, which can offer
economic advantages for the hospital because
it is maximizes each team member’s skill set.

It is a task-oriented method wherein a

particular nursing function is assigned to each
staff member.
ADVANTAGES OF A VERY EFFICIENT WAY TO
DELIVER CARE
FUNCTIONAL
NURSING COULD ACCOMPLISH A LOT OF
TASKS IN A SMALL AMOUNT OF
TIME

STAFF MEMBERS DO ONLY WHAT THEY

ARE CAPABLE OF DOING

LEAST COSTLY AS FEWER RNS ARE REQUIRED

DISADVANTAGES CARE OF PATIENTS BECOME
FRAGMENTED AND
OF FUNCTIONAL DEPERSONALIZED

NURSING
PATIENTS DO NOT HAVE ONE
IDENTIFIABLE NURSE

VERY NARROW SCOPE OF PRACTICE FOR

RNS

LEADS TO PATIENT AND NURSE DISSATISFACTION

 A care delivery model that incorporates
NURSING CASE concepts of continuity and efficiency in
MANAGEMENT addressing both long and short-term
physical needs, psychological, and social
needs of clients.

Case management focuses on the

administrative issues of health care, rather
than the actual delivery of health care.

The case management model stems from

the complexity of third-party healthcare
payers and the rising costs of health care.
ADVANTAGES OF
P R O M O TE S
NURSING CASE C O LLA BO R ATI O N
MANAGEMENT
G O AL- F O C U S E D

C AN BE V E R Y C O S T E F F E C TI V E

E F F I C I E NT U S E O F TI M E
DISADVANTAGES
OF NURSING CASE BEST FOR CLIENTS WITH ONE
OR TWO DIAGNOSES
MANAGEMENT
ESTABLISHED CRITICAL PATHWAYS
NEEDED

CASE MANAGEMENT IS NOT A TRUE IMPATIENT

DELIVERY SYSTEM BUT RATHER THE
MANAGEMENT OF PATIENT CARE
 This type of treatment modality focuses on
interdisciplinarity, which means it is
CONTEMPORARY research-based and involves all fields of
INNOVATIVE /

METHOD science.

It aims to adopt various research

approaches such as theoretical,
methodological, normative, and empirical-
descriptive studies.

It is flexible and focuses on scientific

problem-solving while meeting patient's
needs.
ADVANTAGES OF I T CR O SSE S TH E B O U NDAR I E S

INNOVATIVE OR B E TWE E N TH E NU R SI NG FI E L D O F
PR ACTI CE AND SO CI AL SCI E NCE S,
I N AN ATTE MPT TO I DE NTI FY
CONTEMPORARY PR O B L E MS

METHOD I T E NH AN CE S N U R SE S’ SKI L L S TH AT I N
TU R N MA KE S TH E M A CO MPE TE NT
PR O FE SSI O NA L

I T A L L O WS PE R SO N A L DE V E L O PME N T AMO NG
I N DI V I DU AL TE AM ME MB E R S
DISADVANTAGES
OF INNOVATIVE OR
CONTEMPORARY
METHOD NOT FREQUENTLY USED
IN EMERGENCY SETTINGS
 PROFESSIO NAL NURSI N G
PRAC T ICE MODEL

D I F F ERENTIATED NUR S I N G
PRAC T ICE MODEL

C L I N ICAL NURSE LEADE R

(C N L ) MODEL

TRAN SFORMING CARE A T

TH E BEDSIDE (TCAB)
CONTEMPORARY
CARE MODELS PA T I ENT-CENTERED C A R E
Professional provides "a framework for
Nursing guiding and aligning clinical
Practice practice, education,
Model administration, and research in
order to achieve positive
patient and nurse staff
outcomes"
(Lineweaver, 2013, p. 14.)
Differentiated care in this model is
Nursing differentiated based on the
Practice level of education, competence,
Model and clinical expertise of RNs:

Nurses with an associate

degree function as technical
nurses and provide the
majority of bedside care.
 Baccalaureate-prepared nurses
Differentiated or nurses with bachelor’s degree,
Nursing function on a broader scale,
collaborating and facilitating
Practice
patient care from admission
Model through discharge

Advanced practice nurses,

function within the broad
healthcare system and provide
care across all settings
throughout wellness and death
Clinical Nurse was introduced by the American
Leader (CNL) Association of Colleges of
Model Nursing (AACN) in 2003 with the
goal of improving the quality of
patient care across the
continuum and as a way to
engage highly skilled clinicians in
outcome-based practice and
quality improvement.
Transforming empowers frontline nurses,
Care at the and nurse leaders and
Bedside managers to improve in
(TCAB) these domains: safe and
reliable care, vitality and
teamwork, patient-centered
care, and value-added work
processes
Patient involves recognizing the patient
Centered as an active participant in their
Care own care and aims to involve
them in decision-making. By
tailoring care to their unique
requirements, this can enhance
patient satisfaction, adherence
to treatment plans, and overall
health outcomes.
Evidence-Based
Practices in Nursing
Management
NATIONAL NURSING CARE COMPETENCY
STANDARDS (NNCCS)

PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE

STANDARDS (PPNPS)

PATIENT CARE SAFETY STANDARDS

STANDARDS OF NURSING PRACTICE

General Objectives:
AFTER 2 HOURS OF DISCUSSION, THE BSN 4-D
STUDENTS WILL LEARN HOW TO UTILIZE
EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE IN NURSING
MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVELY.
Specifically, the BSN 4D students will:
Gain knowledge on the laws and regulations mandated
by the board of nursing in relation to nursing care
practice effectively.
Demonstrate the ability to identify and select reliable
sources of evidence when making nursing management
decisions correctly.
Employ evidence-based practice (EBP) principles in
practical nursing management case studies properly.
Specifically, the BSN 4D students will:
Possess the skills in doing the appropriate nursing care
or intervention in dealing with clients perfectly.
Incorporate the nursing core competency standard in
developing nursing care and nursing intervention
appropriately.
Exhibit their capacity to reflect on their learning
experiences, pinpoint areas for improvement, and
enhance their utilization of evidence-based practice
(EBP) in nursing management" accordingly.
National Nursing Care
Competency (NNCC)
Professional Regulatory Board of Nursing

Amend Res. No. 112 Series of 2005

Heightened by the escalating complexity of globalization, dynamics
of information technology, demographic changes, health care
reforms and
increasing demands for quality nursing care from consumers,
expectations for contemporary nursing practice competencies
emerged.
Thus, in 2005, as an output of a key project, Board of
Nursing Resolution no. 112 Series 0f 2005, adopted and
promulgated the Core Competency Standards of
Nursing Practice in the Philippines.

In accordance with Sec. 9, Art. III of RA 9173

Article III, section 9 (c) of Republic Act No. 9173 or the Philippine
Nursing Act of 2002, states that the Professional Regulatory Board of
Nursing is empowered to “monitor and enforce quality standards of
nursing practice in the Philippines and exercise the powers
necessary to ensure the maintenance of efficient, ethical and
technical, moral and professional standards in the practice of
nursing taking into account the health needs of the nation.”
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE 2012 NATIONAL
NURSING CORE COMPETENCY STANDARDS
(2012 NNCCS)
The 2012 National Nursing Core Competency Standards (2012
NNCCS) will serve as a guide for the development of the following:

Basic Nursing Education Program in the

Philippines through the Commission on Higher
Education (CHED).
Competency-based Test Framework as the
basis for the development of course syllabi and
test questions for “entry level” nursing practice
in the Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE 2012 NATIONAL
NURSING CORE COMPETENCY STANDARDS
(2012 NNCCS)
The 2012 National Nursing Core Competency Standards (2012
NNCCS) will serve as a guide for the development of the following:

Standards of Professional Nursing Practice in

various settings in the Philippines.
National Career Progression Program (NCPP)
for nursing practice in the Philippines.
Any or related evaluation tools in various
practice settings in the Philippines
Responsibility 1:
Practices in accordance with legal
I.
principles and the code of ethics in
making personal and professional
judgment.

Responsibility 2: BEGINNING
Utilizes the nursing process in the
NURSE’S
interdisciplinary care of clients that
empowers the clients and ROLE ON
promotes safe quality care. CLIENT CARE
Responsibility 3:
Maintains complete and up to date recording
I.
and reporting system.

Responsibility 4:
Establishes collaborative relationship
with colleagues and other members of
the team to enhance nursing and other BEGINNING
health care services.
NURSE’S
Responsibility 5: ROLE ON
Promotes professional and personal CLIENT CARE
growth and development.
Responsibility 1:
Demonstrates management and leadership
II.
skills to provide safe and quality care.

Responsibility 2:
Demonstrates accountability for safe
nursing practice. BEGINNING
NURSE’S ROLE
Responsibility 3:
Demonstrates management and
ON
leadership skills to deliver health programs
MANAGEMENT
and services effectively to specific client AND
groups in the community settings LEADERSHIP
 II.
Responsibility 4:
Manages a community/village based
health facility/component of a health
program or a nursing service.

Responsibility 5:
Demonstrates ability to lead and
supervise nursing support staff.
BEGINNING
NURSE’S ROLE
Responsibility 6: ON
Utilizes appropriate mechanisms for MANAGEMENT
networking, linkage building and AND
referrals. LEADERSHIP
Responsibility 1:
Engages in nursing or health related III.
research with or under the Supervision of
an experienced researcher.
Responsibility 2:
Evaluates research study/report utilizing
guidelines in the conduct of a written
research critique. BEGINNING
Responsibility 3: NURSE’S
Applies the research process in ROLE ON
improving client care in partnership with
a quality improvement /quality RESEARCH
assurance/nursing audit team.
 Philippine Professional
Nursing Practice Standards
(PPNPS)
The PRBON and its Technical Working Group (TWG) have
been improving the collection of skills and performance
indicators by utilizing the four domains listed below:

A. Value-Based Nursing Practice

B. Knowledge-Driven Nursing Practice
C. Outcome-Oriented Professional
Relationship
D. Leadership and Governance
It is a clinical decision-making process that reflects
one's personal and professional ideals while
interacting with people from different cultures

Nursing Practice
A. Value-Based
governed by an empirical body of knowledge that
includes ethical and moral values and practices,
laws, and regulations.

Standard A1. Care of Clients

Standard A2. Ethical, Moral, Legal Practice
Standard A3. Personal and Professional Values
 A1. Care of Clients
Is the provision of professional nursing
services to a variety of customers,
including people from all walks of life
and with different health, sickness, and
gender statuses, as well as healthy or at-
risk families, population groups, and
communities.
 A2. Ethical, Moral & Legal
Practice
Observing moral, legal, and ethical guidelines
when providing care.
The term "ethical" refers to norms that
promote ideals that are shared by all people,
like justice, respect, and kindness.
Morals are ideas about what is right or wrong.
Legal refers to compliance with the rules of
pertinent statutes and case law.
A3. Personal and Professional Values
Personal values are a collection of an individual's
values that are internalized from the society or culture
in which they are raised.
Professional values are ideas and standards that
direct one's behavior at work and inform nursing
practice. These are obtained through experience,
education, training, and practice while taking into
account, but not exclusively adhering to, the
regulatory standards, code of ethics, and fundamental
nursing ideals.
Is the persistent application of a body of scientific

Practice Standards
knowledge and abilities through the blending of

Driven Nursing
B. Knowledge -
several patterns of knowledge, such as esthetics,
ethics, and interpersonal interactions as the
cornerstones of safe and sound judgment to the
proper care of customers.

Standard B1. Research

Standard B2. Evidence-Based Nursing Practice
Standard B3. Continual Quality Improvement
 B1. Research
In order to improve nursing
practice, client outcomes, and the
health care delivery system,
research is a scientific process that
both confirms pre-existing theories
and models and produces new
knowledge.
 B2. Evidence Based
Nursing
Is a method for solving problems that
incorporates the most up-to-date
evidence, clinical knowledge, client
preferences, and values in order to
promote safe and effective nursing
practice.
B3. Continual Quality
Improvement
Is the process of monitoring
process outcomes, analyzing
performance, and applying
solutions to enhance safe and
effective nursing practice.
Refers to intra- and interprofessional
relationships that lead to an enhancement of
one’s role through communication,

Relationships
Professional

C. Outcome
collaboration and understanding of cultural

Oriented
context to achieve mutually-agreed upon
outcomes for client care.

C1. Communication
C2. Collaboration and Teamwork
C3. Transcultural Nursing Care
 C1. Communication
A relational process whereby
messages are transmitted and
understood by both sender and the
recipient using varied modes, skills
and approaches including media
and information technology with
the goal to facilitate effective health
care delivery.
 C2. Collaboration & Teamwork
Collaboration - refers to the process where there is
partnership among the health care professionals which is
reciprocal and founded on respect and trust, considering
each other’s expertise in achieving mutual goals

Teamwork - is to function effectively within nursing and

interprofessional teams, fostering open communication,
mutual respect, and shared decision making to achieve
quality patient care.
 C3. Transcultural
Nursing Care
It is the provision of safe,
efficacious, responsible and
meaningful nursing services to
people according to their
cultural values and health
illness context.
It is influencing other people through the
exercise of authority, direction, control

and Governance
and regulation in the practice of the

D. Leadership
nursing profession to achieve desired

Standards
goals.
D1. Personal and Professional Development
D2. Responsibility and Accountability
D3. Positive Practice Environment
D4. Social Responsibility
D5. Resource Management
 D1. Personal &
Professional Development
This refers to the acquisition of
knowledge and skills for ensuring
that one’s performance in the
chosen area of expertise is always
at the highest possible level, in both
career and life roles.
 D2. Responsibility & Accountability
Responsibility refers to the nurse’s obligations,
accountability and liability in carrying out the
authority accorded by the state through the Nursing
Law and other regulatory laws, policies and rules.

Accountability is the nurse’s willingness to be judged

against performance expectations and live with the
consequences of one’s actions.
D3. Positive Practice Environment

This is the one where the nurse performs

in a supportive safe, caring, encouraging,
and positively charged workplace where
the individual’s potentials are maximally
developed. It includes the physical,
psychological, sociopolitical, cultural, and
spiritual dimensions of the work setting.
 D4. Social Responsibility
An obligation to act in fulfilling
one’s civic duty for the benefit of
society. The nurse is sensitive
and responsive to social, cultural,
economic, political, spiritual and
environmental issues.
 D5. Resource Management
This refers to the efficient and
effective allocation of resources,
where and when they are needed, and
which include human, organizational,
information, financial, technical,
equipment, materials and physical
resources.
 PA T I ENT ASSESSMENT

M E D I CATION SAFETY
Patient Care
IN F E CTION CONTROL
Safety
Standards D O C U MENTATION

PA T I ENT EDUCATION
Patient care safety standards
are paramount in nursing to FA L L PREVENTION
ensure the well-being of
PRES S URE ULVER PRE V E N T I O N
patients. Here are some safety
standards in nursing:
C O M M UNICATION
 PA T I ENT IDENTIFICATI O N

Patient Care E M E R GENCY RESPONSE

Safety
E THI C AL STANDARDS
Standards
Patient care safety standards C U L T URAL COMPETENC E
are paramount in nursing to
ensure the well-being of PROFESSIO NAL DEVEL O P M E N T
patients. Here are some safety
standards in nursing:
PA T I ENT SAFETY REPOR T I N G
STANDARDS OF NURSING PRACTICE

The Standards of Practice describe a competent level of

nursing care as demonstrated by the critical thinking
model known as the nursing process.

The nursing process includes the components of assessment,

diagnosis, outcomes identification, planning, implementation, and
evaluation. Accordingly, the nursing process encompasses
significant actions taken by registered nurses and forms the
foundation of the nurse's decision-making.
 STAN DARD 1

Assessment

STAN DARD 2

Diagnosis

STAN DARD 3

Outcome Identification
STAN DARD 4

Planning
 STAN DARD 5

Implementation

STAN DARD 5A

Coordination of Care

STAN DARD 5B

Health Teaching & Health Promotion

STAN DARD 6
Evaluation
UNIVERSITY OF CEBU - BANILAD
COLLEGE OF NURSING

THANK YOU FOR

LISTENING NURSES!

A presentation by Group II of BSN 4-D

for Nursing Leadership and Management