Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lesson 14
Lesson 14
Lesson 14
INTRODUCTION:
Being young and not conforming to the gender roles assigned to one’s sex
increases the risk of discrimination and abuse for LGBT persons. Discrimination of
people based on SOGIE is widespread in the Philippines. International and local policies
are in place to address this prevailing issue, yet some institutions still spread this ill
issue.
Upon closer inspection, the additional conditions required from gay, lesbians, and
bisexual applicants and cadets demonstrate lingering prejudices and negative
stereotypes toward LGBT person.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
LESSON PRESENTATION:
Article 2(I), 3, and 26 of the Convention provide for the respect, equality, and
non-discrimination of all individuals on the grounds of, inter alia, race, color, and sex.
In the landmark decision of Toonen vs. Australia in 1994, it is found not only that
the reference to “sex” in Articles 2(I) and 26 must be taken to include sexual
orientation, but also that laws which criminalize consensual homosexual acts expressly
violate the privacy protections of the law.
LGUs from different cities all over the Philippines have been proactive in passing
and filing city ordinances banning LGBT discrimination.
Presently, the Anti-Discrimination Bill is still pending before the Congress. This
bill is expected to be signed into law before the end of the Duterte Administration. Prior
to these bills, several LGUs have enacted ordinances and resolutions to address these
issues.
In May of 2012, the DepEd issued DepEd Order No. 40 or, “The DepEd Child
Protection Policy” to guarantee the protection of children in schools from any form of
violence, abuse, or exploitation regardless of sexual orientation and gender identity.
Being young and not conforming to the gender roles assigned to one’s sex
increases the risk of discrimination and abuse for LGBT persons. This victimization is
aggravated by the absence of support mechanism and school policies addressing this
concern, as well as the failure of schools to safeguard students from being abused by
other students, staff, administrators, and teachers. The discrimination the LGBT
students face in schools not only violates the right to be free from discrimination but
prevents these individuals from the enjoyment of numerous other rights in the
Covenant as well.
Homophobia, the stigma. and prejudice toward LGBT persons, are very present
within Filipino society, creating a dangerous climate of hostility toward LGBT people.
LGBT youth are often targeted by parents who, upon discovering their child’s
sexual orientation and/or gender identity, feel compelled to inflict physical harm on
them out of frustration or in an attempt to prevent their child from expressing their
sexuality.
for same-sex marriage was not present in the anti-discrimination bill at the time of its
introduction first filing and has never been added.
Article 25 of the Convention provides for the right of each citizen to participate in
public affairs, to vote, and to have equal access to public service in the country. These
rights are provided free of unreasonable restriction and free from distinction made on
the basis of sex, which as mentioned above, includes sexual orientation.
DISCRIMINATION IN THE MILITARY
Through their media announcements. It seems on the surface that the Philippine
military and the police are adhering to the non-discrimination clause of the Philippine
Constitution (Art 2) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
by its declaration of openness to admit gays, lesbians, and bisexual persons in the
military and police service.
Upon closer inspection, the additional conditions required from gay, lesbians, and
bisexual applicants and cadets demonstrate lingering prejudices and negative
stereotypes toward LGBT person. Also, the military’s apparent strict adherence
exclusively towards heterosexist gender binary (masculine and feminine) roles
discriminate against those that fall short to this standard and are considered as the
benchmark of what constitutes being decent, proper and respectful.
The identification of sources of discrimination is vital so that you will know how
these acts are committed or performed by the social institutions, their respective actors.
The unified output can result to a class program or activity addressing this concern.
SUMMARY
Other countries shows that policies and legislation promoting equal rights and
prohibiting discrimination can reduce stigma based on SOGIE and lead to better mental
and physical health. Anti-discrimination legislation is associated with decreased risk for
psychological and physical health problems and improved well-being among LGBT+
individuals.
REFERENCES
Peralta, Atty. Eric Paul D. et ‘al (2019). Gender and Society: A Human Ecological
Approach. Manila, Philippines: Rex Bookstore, Inc.
SUPPLEMENTARY SOURCES
Kindly access the following link to gather more information about the topic:
http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/hiv-aids/being-lgbt-in-asia--
the-philippine-country-report.html
R. No. 156254. (2005) Supreme Court Manila Third Division. Available at:
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2005/jun2005/gr_154994_2005.html
G. R. No. 174689. (2007) Supreme Court Manila Third Division. Available at:
https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2007/oct2007/gr_174689_2007.html
G. R. No. 166676. (2008) Supreme Court Manila Second Division. Available at:
https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2008/sep2008/gr_166676_2008.html