PMShri Kendriya Vidyalaya

D.I.A.T. Girinagar, Pune

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
FOR AISSCE 2023-24 BOARD EXAMINATION
SUBJECT: (083)

ON THE TOPIC: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

NAME OF THE PROJECT:

TO STUDY THE CONSEQUENCES ON PARAMETERS
OF MUTUAL INDUCTANCE OF TWO COPPER COILS

SUBMITTED BY:
NAME: Adit Mishra
ROLL NUMBER: ___________________
CLASS: XII SCIENCE
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Adit Mishra of class 12th Science, roll

number _________________ has worked on the Physics
Investigatory Project entitled “TO STUDY THE
CONSEQUENCES ON PARAMETERS OF MUTUAL
INDUCTANCE OF TWO COPPER COILS”. He has put on his
sincere efforts to collect the reading materials and has devoted
sufficient periods of Practical laboratory work to complete this
project.
This project may be considered as Practical fulfilment of All
India Senior School Certificate Exam (AISSCE) 2023-2024
conducted by CBSE.

Teacher’s Signature External Examiner’s Signature Principal’s Signature

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I Adit Mishra of Class 12th Science PMShri Kendriya

Vidyalaya D.I.A.T. Girinagar, Pune would like to express my
sincere gratitude to our respected Principal Mr. Prakash
Gajbhiye for encouragement and help from time to time during
my tenure as a Student of Class 12th Science.

I would also like to express my sincere gratitude towards my

Physics Teacher Dr. Sandip Kamat for helping me to complete
the project by giving me useful ideas and guidelines. I thank
him for encouraging me throughout and helping in all possible
ways.

I would also like to thank my parents and friends for their vital
support and also for encouragement and motivation given to me
for the completion of the project.
 INDEX

Sr. No. Content Page No.

1. Introduction 5
2. Aim 6
3. Making of the 7
working model
4. Observations 8-9
5. Conclusions 10
6. Bibliography 11
 INTRODUCTION

Electromagnetic induction is a fundamental concept in physics

that underlies the operation of countless electrical devices and
technologies. One intriguing aspect of this phenomenon is
mutual inductance, a key factor in understanding how coils of
wire can influence each other's electrical properties. In this
physics project, we delve into the world of mutual inductance
between two copper coils, exploring the dynamic relationship
between them and the impact of various parameters on this
interaction.

What is Mutual Inductance?

Mutual inductance refers to the ability of one coil to induce an
electromotive force (EMF) in another coil through the magnetic
field it generates when an alternating current flows through it.
This process has profound implications for applications such as
transformers, antennas, and wireless power transfer systems.

Points of focus in this project:

To investigate mutual inductance, we will focus on altering key
parameters like the number of turns in the coils, which has a
direct effect on the strength of the induced EMF. By varying
this parameter and conducting systematic experiments, we aim
to shed light on the intricate interplay between mutual
inductance and these essential parameters. Through this project,
we aim to deepen our understanding of electromagnetic
induction and its practical implications in the world of electrical
engineering and technology.
 AIM

To investigate the changes occurring in mutual inductance

between two copper-wire coils by altering few factors like:
1. Number of turns
2. Distance between the coils
3. Change in medium between the coils
 MAKING OF THE WORKING MODEL

Apparatus:

• Copper wire
• A resistor (27K ohms)
• A transistor (2N2222A)
• An L.E.D. bulb
• Soldering gun/machine
• A battery source

Procedure: First, make two coils out of the wire (note that the
coils should be of equal number of turns). Take the L.E.D.
bulb and connect it to the first coil. In making of the second
coil, take out one extra turn of wire after wounding it up to
half the number of turns required, and cut it in half. After that,
wound up the remaining turns.
Now you should have two ends of wire in the first coil and
three ends in the second coil. Now solder the resistor on the
middle end of the second coil and the transformer to the other
end of the resistor. Again, solder the one end of the second
coil the one end of the transformer and the remaining one end
of the transformer should be connected to one terminal of the
battery, and the other remaining end of the second coil should
be connected to the remaining terminal of the battery.
 OBSERVATION TABLES

Change in number of turns:

Number of turns Primary coil Secondary coil

current (A) voltage (V)
100 1.0 1.0
200 1.0 0.5
300 1.0 0.33

Distance between the coils

Distance between Primary coil Secondary coil

coils (cm) current (A) voltage (V)
1cm 1.0 0.5
2 cm 0.5 0.25
3 cm 0.25 0.125

Change in medium between the coils:

Medium between Primary coil Secondary coil

coils current (A) voltage (V)
Air 1.0 0.5
Iron 1.5 0.75
Copper 0.5 0.25
 OBSERVATIONS

When we tried to change the various parameters of the

working model, we observed that:

• Change in number of turns: The intensity if the light

produced by the bulb was lower when the number of
turns were lesser. Hence, we come to know that mutual
inductance is directly proportional to number of turns of
the coil.

• Distance between the coils: The intensity of the light

become lower when the distance between the coils
wasincreased. Hence, we came to know that mutual
inductance is inversely proportional to distance between
the coils.

• Change in medium between the coils: When both the

coils were wound to a soft iron core, it was found that the
intensity of the light produced by bulb was dramatically
increased. Hence, we came to know that mutual
inductance was better in a solid medium than in air.
 CONCLUSION

In the above project, we saw that mutual inductance between

two coils can be altered i.e., increased or decreased by
changing various parameters of the set-up of the coils. We
know that the concept of mutual inductance is applied in
various devices like transformers. In such industries, which
extensively use this concept, it is very useful to know these
parameters so that changing the mutual inductance becomes
easy and efficient.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• NCERT Physics textbook- class XII

• Google
• Images taken from:
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Mutua
l-inductance-circuit-
diagram_fig3_327249559