Name Formation Features Minerals Crops Areas found

Sugarcane, Paddy, N. Plains, Gujarat, Rajasthan,

Depositions of Brahmaputra, Most widely spread and fertile soil; Potash, Phosphoric Acid, Wheat, Other cereal Delta of Mahanadi, Krishna and
Alluvial Indus, Ganga {BIG} consists of sand, silt and clay{SSC}. and lime and Pulse crops Kaveri
Calcium Carbonate,
Magnesium, Potash, Lime Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malva,
Climatic conditions and Made up of clayey materials. AKA and poor in Phosphoric MP, Chhattisgarh, Godavri and
Black parent rock. Regur soil and black cotton soil content Cotton Krishna Valleys
Dev reddish color due to diffusion of
Red and Dev on Crystalline igneous Iron in crystalline and metamorphic Eastern and Southern Deccan
yellow rocks in areas of low rain fall rocks. Yellow in hydrated form. Iron N/A Plateau, Odisha and Chhattisgarh
Mostly deep to very deep,
Develops under tropical and acidic{pH<6}, prone to soil erosion
sub-tropical climate with and degradation, deficient in plant Tea, Coffee, Cashew
Laterite alternate wet and dry seasons. nutrients N/A nuts S Ind, W Ghats, WB, NE Ind.

Red-Brown color, sandy in texture,

saline in nature, cultivable with
proper irrigation, lacks humus and Calcium due to Kanker
moisture, In some areas salt content {restricts infiltration of
Arid N/A very high. water} N/A Thar-W Rajasthan
Loamy silty-Valleys, Coarse grained-
upper slopes, Acidic with low
humus-snow covered Himalayas, Hilly and Mountainous areas
Fertile-lower parts of valley and river where sufficient rain forests are
Forest N/A terraces. N/A N/A available
X - Factor

Its two types are Khadar and

bangar

N/A

N/A

Intense leaching due to

heavy rain,

Brought under irrigation-

implimenting appropriate
soil conservation techniques
and irrigation{Laterite and
arid}

N/A