ARC233- Assignment 2

NAME-SURNAME: YEŞİM NUR TURAN

ID NUMBER: 20221905042

SOIL TYPES AND FOUNDATION TYPES OF THE FAMOUS BUILDINGS

1. EMPIRE STATE BUILDING
The entire steel framework that supports the Empire State
Building, in accordance with the construction criteria of the
time, is covered with concrete and bricks.

The foundation for the Empire State Building was made up of

several concrete caissons that were dug into the bedrock. The
building was constructed on a rather deep underlying
foundation. Concrete was subsequently poured into the
caissons to construct a strong foundation that could withstand
the building's weight.

2. ONE WORLD TRADE CENTER

The preexisting commuter lines are surrounded by subsurface
supports, while rock anchors reach 80 feet into the bedrock.

At a depth of more than 70 feet below the surface of the earth,

the One World Center' foundation was right on the rock. To
support the soils surrounding the basements, a 3' thick and
approximately 80' deep slurry wall, also known as a diaphragm
wall, was built.

3. BURJ KHALİFA
Burj Khalifa’s foundation method consisted of a heaped raft
built atop substantial carbonate soil and rock deposits.
 The foundation made of steel and concrete is more than 45,000
m3 (58,900 cu yd) and weighs over 110,000 tons. It has 192
piles dug more than 50 m (164 ft) deep.

4. 432 PARK AVENUE

About sixty rock anchors, extending 60 to 70 feet (18 to 21

meters) into the underlying bedrock, stabilize the building's
foundation.

5. THE SHARD
This enormous structure is supported by foundations consisting
of 120 drilled piles, each around 4 feet in diameter. To
guarantee the stability of the building, these piles descend to a
depth of 177 feet. Above this, at 52 feet below the surface, is a
13-foot-tall foundation mat.