PRIYA TIWARI-24400219006

RITWIK BISWAS-24400219005
APURBU BASU-24400219007
• DEPARTMENT-INFOREMATION TECHNOLOGY
• SUBJECT-Cryptography & Network security
INFORMATION SECURITY IN SELF-
ORGANIZED NETWORK
A SELF-ORGANIZING NETWORK (SON) IS AN AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY
DESIGNED TO MAKE THE PLANNING, CONFIGURATION, MANAGEMENT,
OPTIMIZATION AND HEALING OF MOBILE RADIO ACCESS NETWORKS SIMPLER
AND FASTER. SON FUNCTIONALITY AND BEHAVIOR HAS BEEN DEFINED AND
SPECIFIED IN GENERALLY ACCEPTED MOBILE INDUSTRY RECOMMENDATIONS
PRODUCED BY ORGANIZATIONS SUCH AS 3GPP (3RD GENERATION
PARTNERSHIP PROJECT) AND THE NGMN (NEXT GENERATION MOBILE
NETWORKS).
.
• SON has been codified within 3GPP Release 8 and subsequent
specifications in a series of standards including 36.902,[1] as well as
public white papers outlining use cases from the NGMN.[2] The first
technology making use of SON features will be Long Term Evolution (LTE),
but the technology has also been retro-fitted to older radio access
technologies such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).
The LTE specification inherently supports SON features like Automatic
Neighbor Relation (ANR) detection, which is the 3GPP LTE Rel. 8 flagship
feature.[3]
• Newly added base stations should be self-configured in line with a "plug-and-play"
paradigm while all operational base stations will regularly self-optimize parameters and
algorithmic behavior in response to observed network performance and radio conditions.
Furthermore, self-healing mechanisms can be triggered to temporarily compensate for a
detected equipment outage, while awaiting a more permanent solution
• Self-organizing Networks features are being introduced gradually with the arrival of new
4G systems in radio access networks, allowing for the impact of potential ‘teething troubles’
to be limited and gradually increasing confidence. Self-optimization mechanisms in mobile
radio access networks can be seen to have some similarities to automated trading
algorithms in financial markets. SON has also been retrofitted to existing 3G networks to
help reduce cost and improve service reliability.
WHAT DOES A SELF-ORGANIZING NETWORK DO?
• SON can offer a variety of different functions, including self-configuration,
self-optimization, self-healing, and self-protection. These functions are made
possible through artificial intelligence, predictive analytics, and pre-
optimized software algorithms
• Self-configuration means the SON automatically recognizes and registers
new access points / base stations made part of the radio access network
.
(RAN). Neighboring radios automatically adjust their emission power and
other technical parameters to avoid interference and maximize both
coverage and capacity.
• Self-optimization automatically optimizes base stations’ technical
parameters for a specific purpose. For example, a self-optimizing network
could optimize wireless airtime resources to ensure specific service level
agreements (SLA) per device and application groups are maintained at
times of congestion, high device density and changing spectrum
availability.
• Self-healing allows the SON to automatically heal itself when base
stations fail and connectivity is lost. Self-healing networks adjust adjacent
cells’ parameters to provide continued service—or at least minimize
degradation of service—to affected users.
• Self-protection means the self-organizing network automatically defends
itself from penetration by unauthorized users. The primary goal of self-
protection is to maintain network security and data confidentiality.
• Automatic Neighbor Relations (ANR) helps facilitate smooth signal
transitions from cell to cell as a device moves through a cellular network.
Traditionally this has been a very complicated and laborious task for
human operators, but can now be handled through SONs. ANR works
constantly to analyze and communicate with neighboring cells to ensure
handovers are timely, reliable, and efficient.
•
• What are the types of self-organizing networks?
• There are three main types of self-organizing networks: distributed, centralized, and
hybrid.

• Distributed self-organizing networks relay commands that are distributed across the
edge of the network where each node exchanges information with each other. This
type of architecture allows more flexibility than a centralized SON, and enables the
network to respond and see changes on the network more quickly.
• A challenge with this type of network architecture is that each node’s optimization
doesn’t always ensure that the network will improve as a whole since each node acts
as its own relay.
Centralized self-organizing networks’ functions are centralized at higher-
order network nodes. Commands, changes, settings, and requests are
distributed directly from the network management console, and then
propagated out to each node.

This type of SON can easily scan and take in all aspects of the network,
allowing the algorithm to make better decisions regarding optimizations and
future configurations.

A drawback of this configuration is slightly longer response times when

compared to a distributed SON, where you tend to trade a bit of speed for
additional control and precision of the network assets.

Hybrid self-organizing networks are a mix of distributed and centralized

SONs. Hybrid environments attempt to strike a balance between advantages
between the approaches, where the network can both quickly respond to
changes while maintaining a centralized method of management.
 SELF ORGANIZING NETWORK (SON) USE CASES
• The main benefit of SONs is that their inherent automation reduces the need for costly manual, human attention for
installation and network management. Instead, the network is quicker to install and easier to maintain while
providing higher performance.

• SONs help enhance networks in many ways, even networks that already have in-house IT staff working on the
network. This can help enterprises in by:

• Improving network performance,

• Reducing network downtime,
• Increasing user experience over private cellular networks,
• Reducing overall capital expenditure, and
• Improving IT staff efficiency.