ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE M.

COM

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

CONTENTS:

1. INTRODUCTION

2. MEANING

3. TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

4. FEATURES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

5. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

6. APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

7. WHERE IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE USED

8. CONCLUSION

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INTRODUCTION

Before leading to the meaning of artificial intelligence let understand what is the
meaning of Intelligence-

Intelligence: The ability to learn and solve problems. This definition is taken from
webster’s Dictionary.

The most common answer that one expects is “to make computers intelligent so that
they can act intelligently!”, but the question is how much intelligent? How can one
judge intelligence?

MEANING

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Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in

machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The
term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human
mind such as learning and problem-solving

Artificial Intelligence is the ability of a computer program to learn and think.

John McCarthy coined the term ‘Artificial Intelligence’ in the 1950s. He said, ‘Every
aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can in principle be so precisely
described that a machine can be made to simulate it. An attempt will be made to find
how to make machines use language, form abstractions, and concepts, solve kinds of
problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves.’

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

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3 Types of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)

What is Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)?

This is the most common form of AI that you’d find in the market now. These
Artificial Intelligence systems are designed to solve one single problem and would be
able to execute a single task really well. By definition, they have narrow capabilities,
like recommending a product for an e-commerce user or predicting the weather. This
is the only kind of Artificial Intelligence that exists today. They’re able

What is Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)?

AGI is still a theoretical concept. It’s defined as AI which has a human-level of

cognitive function, across a wide variety of domains such as language processing,
image processing, computational functioning and reasoning and so on.
We’re still a long way away from building an AGI system.

What is Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)?

We’re almost entering into science-fiction territory here, but ASI is seen as the
logical progression from AGI. An Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) system would be
able to surpass all human capabilities. This would include decision making, taking
rational decisions, and even includes things like making better art and building
emotional relationships.

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FEATURES PF ARTUFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Eliminate dull and boring tasks

Data ingestion

Imitates human cognition

Futuristic

Prevent natural disasters

Facial Recognition and Chatbots

1. Eliminate Dull and Boring Tasks

All of us have, at some point, accomplished a certain task just because we had to
do it, not because we enjoyed doing it. We found that task to be boring, or dull.
However, with a machine, you never have to experience similar boredness.

2. Data Ingestion

Data ingestion is one of the most important features of artificial intelligence.

Artificially intelligent systems deal with huge amounts of data.

3. Imitates Human Cognition

We call it an artificially intelligent system because it essentially imitates or

mimics the way the human mind thinks and solves problems. This is what makes AI
unique.

4. Futuristic

AI-enabled systems are designed to observe and react to their surroundings.

They not only perceive the environment and take actions accordingly but also keep in
mind (isn’t it ironic that I just used ‘mind’ for artificial intelligence?) the situations that
might come up in the near future.

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5. Prevent Natural Disasters

We are all friendly with using AI for our businesses, for our gaming profiles, and
more such purposes. Now it is our turn to take AI one step ahead and hone it, so that
governments can use it in disaster management.

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Advantages of Artificial Intelligence

1. Reduction in Human Error

One of the biggest advantages of Artificial Intelligence is that it can significantly

reduce errors and increase accuracy and precision. The decisions taken by AI in every
step is decided by information previously gathered and a certain set of algorithms.

When programmed properly, these errors can be reduced to null.

2. zero Risks

Another big advantage of AI is that humans can overcome many risks by

letting AI robots do them for us. Whether it be defusing a bomb, going to space,
exploring the deepest parts of oceans, machines with metal bodies are resistant in
nature and can survive unfriendly atmospheres. Moreover, they can provide accurate
work with greater responsibility and not wear out easily.

3. 24x7 Availability

There are many studies that show humans are productive only about 3 to 4
hours in a day. Humans also need breaks and time work offs to balance their life and
personal life. But AI can work endlessly without breaks.

4. Digital Assistance

Almost all the big organizations these days use digital assistants to interact with
their customers which significantly minimizes the need for human resources. You can
chat with a chatbot and ask them exactly what you need.

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.5 New Inventions

AI has helped in coming up with new inventions in almost every domain to solve
complex problems. A recent invention has helped doctors to predict early stages of
breast cancer in women using advanced AI-based technologies.

6. Unbiased Decisions

Human beings are driven by emotions, whether we like it or not. AI on the other
hand, is devoid of emotions and highly practical and rational in its approach. A huge
advantage of Artificial Intelligence is that it doesn't have any biased views, which
ensures more accurate decision-making.

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DISADVANTAGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

1. High Costs

The ability to create a machine that can simulate human intelligence is no small
feat. It requires plenty of time and resources and can cost a huge deal of money. AI also
needs to operate on the latest hardware and software to stay updated and meet the
latest requirements, thus making it quite costly.

2. No creativity

A big disadvantage of AI is that it cannot learn to think outside the box. AI is

capable of learning over time with pre-fed data and past experiences, but cannot be
creative in its approach. A classic example is the bot Quill who can write Forbes earning
reports. These reports only contain data and facts already provided to the bot. Although
it is impressive that a bot can write an article on its own, it lacks the human touch
present in other Forbes articles.

3.Increase in Unemployment

Perhaps one of the biggest disadvantages of artificial intelligence is that AI is

slowly replacing a number of repetitive tasks with bots. The reduction in the need for
human interference has resulted in the death of many job opportunities. A simple
example is the chatbot which is big advantage to organizations, but a nightmare for
employees. A study by McKinsey predicts that AI will replace at least 30 percent of
human labour by 2030

4. Make Humans Lazy

AI applications automate the majority of tedious and repetitive tasks. Since we

do not have to memorize things or solve puzzles to get the job done, we tend to use our
brains less and less. This addiction to AI can cause problems to future generations.

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5. No Ethics

Ethics and morality are important human features that can be difficult to
incorporate into an AI. The rapid progress of AI has raised a number of concerns that
one day, AI will grow uncontrollably, and eventually wipe out humanity. This moment
is referred to as the AI singularity.

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APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Artificial Intelligence has various applications in today's society. It is becoming

essential for today's time because it can solve complex problems with an efficient way in
multiple industries, such as Healthcare, entertainment, finance, education, etc. AI is
making our daily life more comfortable and fast.

Following are some sectors which have the application of Artificial Intelligence:

1. AI in Astronomy

Artificial Intelligence can be very useful to solve complex universe problems. AI

technology can be helpful for understanding the universe such as how it works, origin,
etc.

2. AI in Healthcare

In the last, five to ten years, AI becoming more advantageous for the healthcare
industry and going to have a significant impact on this industry.

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Healthcare Industries are applying AI to make a better and faster diagnosis than
humans. AI can help doctors with diagnoses and can inform when patients are
worsening so that medical help can reach to the patient before hospitalization.

3. AI in Gaming

AI can be used for gaming purpose. The AI machines can play strategic games
like chess, where the machine needs to think of a large number of possible places.

4. AI in Finance

AI and finance industries are the best matches for each other. The finance
industry is implementing automation, chatbot, adaptive intelligence, algorithm trading,
and machine learning into financial processes.

5. AI in Data Security

The security of data is crucial for every company and cyber-attacks are growing
very rapidly in the digital world. AI can be used to make your data more safe and
secure. Some examples such as AEG bot, AI2 Platform,are used to determine software
bug and cyber-attacks in a better way.

6. AI in Social Media

Social Media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Snapchat contain billions of
user profiles, which need to be stored and managed in a very efficient way. AI can
organize and manage massive amounts of data. AI can analyze lots of data to identify
the latest trends, hashtag, and requirement of different users.

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7. AI in Travel & Transport

AI is becoming highly demanding for travel industries. AI is capable of doing

various travel related works such as from making travel arrangement to suggesting the
hotels, flights, and best routes to the customers. Travel industries are using AI-powered
chatbots which can make human-like interaction with customers for better and fast
response.

8. AI in Automotive Industry

Some Automotive industries are using AI to provide virtual assistant to their

user for better performance. Such as Tesla has introduced TeslaBot, an intelligent
virtual assistant.

Various Industries are currently working for developing self-driven cars which
can make your journey more safe and secure.

9. AI in Robotics:

Artificial Intelligence has a remarkable role in Robotics. Usually, general robots

are programmed such that they can perform some repetitive task, but with the help of
AI, we can create intelligent robots which can perform tasks with their own experiences
without pre-programmed.

Humanoid Robots are best examples for AI in robotics, recently the intelligent
Humanoid robot named as Erica and Sophia has been developed which can talk and
behave like humans.

10. AI in Entertainment

We are currently using some AI based applications in our daily life with some
entertainment services such as Netflix or Amazon. With the help of ML/AI algorithms,
these services show the recommendations for programs or shows.

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11. AI in Agriculture

Agriculture is an area which requires various resources, labor, money, and time
for best result. Now a day's agriculture is becoming digital, and AI is emerging in this
field. Agriculture is applying AI as agriculture robotics, solid and crop monitoring,
predictive analysis. AI in agriculture can be very helpful for farmers.

12. AI in E-commerce

AI is providing a competitive edge to the e-commerce industry, and it is

becoming more demanding in the e-commerce business. AI is helping shoppers to
discover associated products with recommended size, color, or even brand.

13. AI in education:

AI can automate grading so that the tutor can have more time to teach. AI
chatbot can communicate with students as a teaching assistant.

AI in the future can be work as a personal virtual tutor for students, which will
be accessible easily at any time and any place.

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WHERE IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE USED

Here we will discuss what are major things and fields AI is used and under
process to get fully implemented and launched in upcoming years. This technology can
be developed only through computer vision machine learning training.

AI in Virtual Assistance

Alexa, Siri and Google Assistance are the major examples of virtual assistance
while automated bots answering the questions of customers are the example of AI-based
chatbots working with the best performance.

AI in Agriculture

In the agriculture sector, autonomous tractors and AI-based drones monitoring

are used to enhance the productivity and crop yield of farmlands. Robots and automated
machines are also used in these fields to monitor crop health conditions and harvesting.

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AI can help agriculture to boost crop productivity with better plant health and
weather monitoring systems while making the entire process trouble-free. And data is
also gathered to further train such models to work in agricultural or farming-related
fields.

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AI in Automotive

Autonomous Vehicles or Self-driving Cars are the other examples of AI, fully
integrated into such a system to make the machine work automatically while
understanding the nearby surroundings and real-world scenarios.

AI in E-commerce

E-commerce-backed automated warehousing and supply chain management is

reducing the manpower and helping storage companies to manage the huge amount of
stock or inventory with proper management and supply system.

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The AI-based automated warehousing management system is not only getting

benefits but machine learning is improving the online shopping experience of the
customers.

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Automated robots are handling the inventory performing various tedious with
better efficiency allowing humans to get involved in decision-making tasks to improve
the overall supply-chain and logistic management.

This technology is also providing insights of customers to companies using

sentiment analysis to understand their feelings and offer them better products and
services to gain more market share in the industry.

AI in Healthcare

Similarly, AI in healthcare sector is playing a vital role in empowering the

machines to diagnose, analyze and predict the various types of diseases, and monitor the
patient’s health conditions.

It is also helping scientists to explore the new drug discoveries and medicine
development providing the more effective treatments for people to get well soon and
avoid health problems in their life.

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AI in radiology is playing a crucial role in detecting different types of critical

diseases with the best level of accuracy making the medical diagnosis and treatment
process faster.

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CONCLUSION

Artificial intelligence (AI) is on the rise as it is integrated into every aspect of our daily
lives; from computers, video games, and even kitchen appliances. As humans, we have allowed
AI to infiltrate our daily lives as they complete the simplest of task for us, however they are not
completed to the best of their abilities. As humans, we are able to complete a task to the prime
of our capacity through the combination of our experiences, emotions, and logic. On the other
hand, artificial intelligence formulates a conclusion through a series of mathematical equations,
numerous numbers of code, and a series of zeros and ones in order to mimic our human
capabilities of decision making.

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