Conjugation of Verbs

Subject wa + complement + Verb Subject + Verb + Complement

Watashi wa + Santos + desu I + am + Mr. Santos.
Anata wa + Reyes San + desu You + are + Mr. Reyes.
Kare wa + Reyes san + desu He + is + Mr. Reyes.
Kanojo wa + Reyes san + desu She + is + Miss/Mrs. Reyes.

San ( an honorific suffix after a personal name but should not be used after one’s own
name.

Masu – present / future tense (positive)

Sentence : I am (masu) running.

Masen – present / future (negative)

Sentence: I am not (masen) running.

Mashita – past tense (positive)

Sentence: I will eat (mashita) cokies.

Masen deshita (past tense (negative)

Sentence: I will not (masen dishita) eat cookies.

Desu – is a verb ender which describes a noun or adjective

Desu – present / future tense (positive) used with nouns

Sentence: She is (desu) my friend.

This coffee is hot.

Kono kohi wa atsu ____.
a. katta desu b. kunakatta desu c. katta desu

Dewa Arimasen - present/ future tense (negative) used with nouns

Sentence: She is not (dewa arimasen) my friend.
Deshita - past tense (positive) used with nouns
Sentence: She was (deshita) my friend.

Dewa Arimasen Deshita - past tense (negative) used with nouns

Sentence: She was not (dewa arimasen deshita) my friend.

This coffee was not hot.

Kono kohi wa atsui ____. a. dewa arimasen deshita b. nai desu c. deshita

Nai Desu - present/ future tense (negative) used with adjectives

Sentence: This house is (nai desu) big.

Katta Desu - past tense (positive) used with adjectives

Sentence: This house was (katta desu)big.

Kunakatta Desu - past tense (negative) used with adjectives

Sentence: This house was not (kunakatta desu) big before.