Biology Weekly Exercise

G8 S1 – Plant Structure and Function Organ in Plant

Name: ___________________________ Date: ____________________

Answer the following questions!

1. List the function of root, stem, leaf, and flower!
- Root = anchorage of the plant, absorption of water and dissolved minerals and conduction of these to
the stem, and storage reserve foods
- Stem = to support leaves, to conduct water and minerals to the leaves, where the can be converted into
usable products by photosynthesis
- Leaf = to produce food for the plant by phosynthesis, gas exchange by stomata
- Flower = reproduction

2. Label the following structure of a leaf:

1
2

4
5
6

7
8
9
1. Cuticle
2. Upper epidermis
3. Palisade layer
4. Phloem
5. Xylem
6. Spongy mesophyll
7. Lower epidermis
8. Cuticle
9. Stomata a

3. Write down the function of:

a. Epidermis : provide a protective barrier against mechanical injury, water loss, and infection

b. Spongy : to allow for interchange of gases (CO2) that are needed for photosynthsis

c. Palisade : to enable photosynthesis to be carried out efficiently and they have several adaptations

d. Cuticle : diffusion barrier limitung water and solute transport acrros the apoplast
 4. Explain the difference between taproots, fibrous, and adventitiousroot?

- Taproot = is thick and grow deeper into the soil vertically and there is main root
- Adventitious root = the root system has numerous hair – like roots growing near the surface of the soil
- Fibrous root = grows horizontally in all directions and thus doesn’t reach deep into soil there is no main
root
5. Label the following structure of root:
1. Epidermis
2. Cortex
3. Pericycle
4. Endodermis
5. Xylem
6. phloem
Vascular bundle : xylem and phloem

6. What is the function of root hairs?

To collect water and mineral nutrients present in the soil and take this solution up through the roots to the
rest of the plant

7. Label the structure of stem above.

a) Water and mineral salts are transported by the _________
b) Food made by the leaves is transported by the __________
c) Explain the function of:
 Epidermis

 Cambium

 Pitch

 Cortex
8. Label the parts of a typical flower.