(106th Amendment) Act, 2023, 1
SIMULTANEOUS ELECTIONS 1
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ELECTIONS
PERSONALITY RIGHTS
SECRETARIAT OF THE PARLIAMENT
1. POLITY AND GOVERNANCE 108 MIGRANTS FROM PAKISTAN AWARDED
CITIZENSHIP
Disqualification of MPs & MLAs (A-102 & 191)
PANEL OF VICE-CHAIRPERSONS
Parliamentary Committee report -‘Prison
conditions, Infrastructure and Reforms’
Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE)
Act 1946
INDIA AND G20 - India held the Presidency
of the G20 summit (first time at New Delhi,)
the theme “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” or
“One Earth, One Family, One Future”.
INDIA: THE VOICE OF GLOBAL SOUTH
ASEAN - 1967 | Bangkok Declaration |
economic growth - social progress - cultural
dev | regional peace & stability |
ABRAHAM ACCORDS - collective
agreements b/w USA-UAE-Israel | sig-2020
| extension: Sudan-Bahrain-Morocco |
2. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
SAUDI ARABIA
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION OF LEGAL
METROLOGY (OILM) CERTIFICATE
UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION ON
INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW (UNCITRAL)
L.69 GROUPING
5 Eyes Alliance
GDP ESTIMATION IN INDIA
CROSS BORDER PAYMENTS
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
REGULATION OF CRYPTO ASSETS
TRAI released a Consultation Paper on
“Digital Inclusion in the Era of Emerging
Technologies”.
FOOD INFLATION IN INDIA
DIGITISATION OF AGRICULTURE
NATIONAL LOGISTICS POLICY
INLAND WATERWAYS
PM VISHWAKARMA SCHEME -Scheme for
traditional artisans and craftspeople
G20 -SUSTAINABLE FINANCE WORKING
GROUP (SFWG)
OFF-BUDGET BORROWINGS (OBBS)
RBI’S FINANCIAL INCLUSION INDEX
3. ECONOMY
HOUSEHOLD FINANCIAL SAVINGS
MONETARY POLICY TRANSMISSION (MPT)
BASEL-III CAPITAL FRAMEWORK
LIQUIDITY DEFICIT IN THE BANKING SYSTEM
INDIAN POST PAYMENT BANK
GRESHAM’S LAW
OVERNIGHT INDEX SWAP (OIS
DEBT MARKET
PLI - AUTOMOBILE AND AUTO COMPONENTS
TECHNICAL TEXTILES (TTS)
REPORT ON EMERGING TECH HUBS OF INDIA
MSMEs in India
INDIA IS RUNNING OUT OF PHOSPHORUS
ASIAN PREMIUM
Coal Industry
BORDER INFRASTRUCTURE
ARMED FORCES SPECIAL POWERS ACT 1958
PREVENTION OF MONEY LAUNDERING
(MAINTENANCE OF RECORDS) RULES, 2005
FUGITIVE ECONOMIC OFFENDER
TTPs ((Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures
SMISHING
4. SECURITY
SPAMOUFLAGE
DEFENCE INDIGENIZATION
INFORMATION FUSION CENTRE – INDIAN
OCEAN REGION (IFC-IOR)
‘PRALAY’ BALLISTIC MISSILES
MAHENDRAGIRI (Y - 12654)
OPERATION POLO
NYOMA AIRFIELD
SEP23 - ORNs
EXERCISES
NAMAMI GANGE PROGRAMME
IPBES ASSESSMENT REPORT
UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES
PACIFIC DECADAL OSCILLATION
BREAKTHROUGH AGENDA REPORT 2023
UNDP - NATIONAL CARBON REGISTRY
TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE GLOBAL
STOCKTAKE
SWACHH VAYU SARVEKSHAN
5. ENVIRONMENT BUILDING MATERIALS AND CLIMATE Report
CENTRAL EMPOWERED COMMITTEE (CEC)
GLOBAL TRENDS ON LAND DEGRADATION
AND DROUGHT
ECOCIDE
EXTREME WATER STRESS
ATLANTIFICATION - making the Arctic Ocean
saltier and warmer.
ARTIFICIAL REEF (AR)
ELECTRIFIED FLEX FUEL VEHICLE
MARINE LIGHT POLLUTION
KYLINXIA ZHANGI
MITHUN
AGUMBE FOREST
SIANG RIVER
OMEGA BLOCKING
KILAUEA VOLCANO
EARTHQUAKE IN MOROCCO
AAROGYA MAITRI CUBE UNDER PROJECT
BHISHM
6. SOCIAL ISSUES
7. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
8. CULTURE
9. ETHICS
10. SCHEMES IN NEWS
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Need for Strengthening the Border Infrastructure - bordering villages devp | check left wing extremism and separatist
forces | Check smuggling | Border Terrorism and infiltration | aggression of other armies | all weather connectivity | swift
movement of troops
Challenges - Challenging Terrain | Political instability in neighboring countries | Lack of Coordination between Ministries |
Potential hotspots for radicalization | Porous borders | Environmental concerns | 'Under-utilisation of funds |
Currently, all highway projects within 100 km of India's “Line of Control (LoC) are exempt from
obtaining environmental clearances
Government Initiatives - Vibrant Villages Programme (4 states - AP + UK + Sikkim + HP + Ladakh) | Border Infrastructure
and Management (BIM) | Implementation of recommendations of Shekatkar Committee |
AFSPA - extended in parts of Nagaland & AP By MoHA | “disturbed areas”. - Declaration is made by Governor of state,
administrator of UT or by Centre | Immunity to Armed forces personnel | In 2016,SC - armed forces could not be immune
from investigation during the discharge of their duties even in disturbed areas. |
aim to enlarge type and nature of individuals who can come under PMLA 2002 | ED under dept of revenue enforce PMLA
Assets worth over $1.8 billion recovered under Fugitive Economic Offenders Act | FEO - economic offenses involving at
least Rs. 100 crore and the person has left India to avoid criminal prosecution. |
FEO Act, 2018 - counterfeiting | money laundering | PMLA | ED- apex agency |
TTPS - based cybercrime investigation framework - track and classify cybercrimes | identify the chain of evidence | map
evidence |
NM-ICPS - National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber- Physical Systems
Smishing is a social engineering attack error) that uses fake mobile text messages to trick people into downloading malware,
sharing sensitive information, or sending money to cybercriminals | SMS + Phishing |
Spamouflage was a widespread online Chinese spam operation which posted praise for China and criticisms of the USA |
Similar campaign by Russia, named Doppelganger
Buy (Indian-IDDM) category refers to the procurement of products from an Indian vendor that has been indigenously
designed, developed, and manufactured with a minimum of 50% Indigenous Content on cost basis of the total contract
value. | Categories of procurement of the Defence Acquisition Policy, 2020 - Indian-IDDM + Buy (Indian) + Buy and
Make (Indian) + Buy (Global- Manufacture in India) + Buy (Global). |
Estb- 2018 | to enhance maritime domain awareness and share information | IOR + adjoining Seas. | Combat - Piracy & Armed
Robbery, Contraband Smuggling, IUU Fishing
S-To-S short range Ballistic Missile | 150 - 500 km | payload - 350 - 700 kg | can manoeuvre in flight
seventh and last stealth frigate of Project 17A | Project 17 (Shivalik Class) Frigates |
Sep1948 | integrate the princely state of Hyderabad |
Eastern Ladakh. | BRO to construct India's highest fighter airfield .| close to south Bank of Pangong Tso at 13,700 feet. |
Significance - Boost air infrastructure | augment IAF’s capability | Counter China’s A2AD strategy |
1.Varuna - India + France(navy)
2,SIMBEX - Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise(navy)
NGP - Integrated Conservation Mission of effective abatement of pollution, conservation, and rejuvenation of RGanga. |
Central Sector Scheme | National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) |
Key pillars: Sewerage Treatment Infrastructure | River-Front Development | River-Surface Cleaning | Bio-Diversity |
Afforestation | Public Awareness | Industrial Effluent Monitoring | Ganga Gram
States - UK + UP + JK + BIHAR + WB |
Achievements -
1. Dissolved Oxygen has been found to be within acceptable limits as per survey in 2022
2.Clean Ganga Fund
3. Collaboration with Other Countries: Such as Australia, United Kingdom, Germany, etc.
Challenges - Delay in Implementation | Poor financial management (Only 14,745cr of funds have been released by NMCG) |
Inadequate Sewage treatment | Governance issues | Lack of Participation
Strategic Area Of Intervention - NIRMAL GANGA | AVIRAL GANGA | JAN GANGA | GYAN GANGA | ARTH GANGA
‘Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control’. | • Invasive alien species represent a subset of alien
species known to have established and spread with negative impacts on biodiversity, local ecosystems and species. |
Common characteristics - Rapid reproduction and growth | High dispersal ability | Ability to adapt physiologically to new
conditions. | Ability to survive on various food types
Impact - devastating effects on native plant | crop loss and degraded soil quality | Social impact | Health (malaria, dengue
fever, chikungunya, Zika, yellow fever) | Economic burden
Initiatives against Invasive Alien Species - Target 6 of Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework | Global
Invasive Species Programme (GISP):1997 | Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (GRIIS) | Ramsar Convention |
UNCLOS
World Heritage Sites - UNESCO World Heritage List | outstanding universal value | World Heritage Convention of 1972 |
cultural, natural, and mixed. | 42 World Heritage Sites in India | World Heritage Committee | Five Cs - Credibility,
Conservation, Capacity-building, Communication and Communities |
are unique - Covers wide Horizon | Regional Planning Programme | World Heritage Fund | E.g., In Kaziranga National Park
(India) and Chitwan National Park (Nepal), the population of Greater one-horned Rhinos has been doubled since their
inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List. | Public Participation | Policy Action | Balance between Nature and Culture
Challenges faced - Decline in the population of the endangered species (Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra) |
Development Activities | Human encroachment (Lake Turkana National Parks in Kenya) | Climate Change | Funding | Armed
conflict (g., UNESCO sites of Kyiv and L’viv -Ukraine-Russia conflict) |
UNESCO- Man and Biosphere Programme (MAB), 1971 | Budapest Declaration on World Heritage (2002) | UNESCO strategy
for gender equality
PDO is a long-term ocean fluctuation in the Pacific Ocean. |
2 phases - 1. Cool or Negative Phase : lower than normal sea-surface heights/ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial
Pacific. 2. Warm or positive phase : West Pacific Ocean becomes cool and the wedge in the east warms
Why PDO enhances the frequency of Cyclones? : -ve PDO + LaNina |
Relation between PDO and El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) - If both phenomena are in the same phase, their associated
impacts can be amplified. |
Impact on Indian Monsoon: ENSO (El Niño phase) with a positive PDO is generally not good for the Indian monsoon. | When
ENSO (in La Nina phase) is linked with a negative PDO, it intensifies monsoon in India.|
Marine Heatwaves- Long-term, persistent warming and discrete periods of extreme regional ocean warming
Released by - IEA + IREA + UN-CC-High Level Champions | req @ UNCCC CoP26 | an action plan that aims to align actions
and coordinate investment across 5 key sectors (Power+Road transport+Steel+Hydrogen+Agriculture.)
Key findings - Transition to clean energy sustainable solutions is accelerating.| NDCs are not aligned with global climate goals |
Power sector accounts for 23% of total emissions, |
open-source software that allows countries to effectively manage national data and processes for trading carbon credits. |
promote development of Carbon Market | Article 6 of Paris Agreement | Carbon markets are trading systems in which carbon
credits are sold and bought | One tradable carbon credit equals one tonne of carbon dioxide | Carbon trading was
introduced by Kyoto Protocol in 1997. | In India, Ministry of Power notified Carbon Credits Trading Scheme (CCTS), 2023
released by UNCCC | GST- aims to serve as a report card on the progress of countries under the 2015 Paris Agreement in
achieving their climate action goals. |
Key Finding - world is ‘not on track | Renewable energy has to be scaled up | More ambitious mitigation targets in NDCs |
Transparent reporting on adaptation | A focus on inclusion and equity | Strategic capacity-building support
MoEFCC under National Clean Air Mission | To achieve the goal of NCAP ‘Clean Air for All | PRANA online portal | Swachh
Vayu Sarvekshan 2023
1st cat - Indore | 2md cat - Amaravati | 3rd cat - Parwanoo
UNEP | Need to decarbonise building/construction sector - responsible for at least 37% of global emissions |
Challenges - Regulation and market demand | Lack of Data | Lack of capacity
Avoid(avoid waste , buils with less)-Shift(shift to bio based building material)-Improve(Improve conventional building
materials) approach
formed by MoEFCC | under the Environment (Protection) Act (1986), | for monitoring the implementation of SC’s order in TN
Godavarman Case (1996) |
data released by UNCCD | Between 2015 and 2019, at least 100 million hectares of land were degraded every year
amounting to 402 million hectares in four years | It impacted the lives of 1.3 billion people |
India's initiatives - joined Bonn Challenge pledge | Integrated Watershed Management Program | National Mission For
Green India | National Afforestation Program
unlawful acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of widespread or long term damage to
environment being caused by those acts | India is yet to make it an offence
New data from World Resources Institute (WRI) | One-quarter of the global population faces extremely high water stress|
25 countries, including India, face extremely high water stress each year. | “extreme water stress” - using at least 80% of its
available supply | 50% of world’s population live under highly water-stressed conditions for at least one month of the year |
60% of world’s irrigated agriculture faces extremely high water stress. |
Recommendations - water governance | debt-for-nature swaps | water-efficient crops | urban water resilience action plans.
Initiatives taken by India - National WaterMission | Jas Shakti Abhiyan | Sahi Fasal
cause - rapid decline in arctic ice covers in recent decades is causing the ocean to mix together and also driving
Atlantification | Arctic Dipole which is associated with anticyclonic winds over North America and cyclonic winds over Eurasia
which alternates in an approximately 15-year cycle. ( +ve phase - slowing Arctic sea-ice loss & -ve phase accelerate sea-
ice decline.) |
under PM Matsya Sampada Yojana for rejuvenating coastal fisheries |
Advantage - Reduce wave damage on coasts | act as carbon sink. | Enhance recreational fisheries | Restricts bottom trawling
This vehicle has both the flex fuel engine as well as an electric powertrain. | It offers higher use of ethanol combined with
better fuel efficiencies.| Bharat Stage VI (BS VI) -Government had decided to leapfrog directly from BS-IV to BS-VI emission
norms w.e.f. April 01, 2020. | Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme(10%) | National Policy on Biofuels(20%) |
‘Artificial Light at Night’ (ALAN) is an excessive, misdirected, or obtrusive artificial (usually outdoor) light in the environment.
Researchers have investigated a nearly 520-millionyear- old fossil of Kylinxia zhangi (found in China) | Cambrian Chengjiang
biota | arthropods
FSSAI has rec Mithun as a food animal | Ruminant species of Bovidae family | habitat- NE India | similar to Gaur | in 2022,
Himalayan yak was accepted as a food animal by FSSAI
Agumbe is in the Shivamogga district of Karnataka and referred as “Cherrapunji of South India”, with an average rainfall of
8000 mm | located adjacent to the Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary and the Kudremukh National Park. | It is the world’s
only natural habitat of the King Cobra and referred to as "The Cobra Capital". |
The Yarlung Tsangpo river starts from Mansarovar lake and flows easterly for more than 1,600 km across Tibet before bending
towards the SE around Namcha Barwa peak to enter India at Gelling in Arunachal Pradesh, where the river is known as Siang |
Impact of China’s mega dam project - Chinese control overflow | Agriculture | Seismological impact | Ecological impact
Study say - floods in the Mediterranean regions were caused by lowpressure systems forming around an Omega Block
centred over the Netherlands | occurs when two low-pressure systems become cut off from the main flow of the jet stream,
sandwiching a high-pressure system between them. |
Kilauea aka Mount Kilauea, the world’s most active volcanic mass, is located on southeastern part of island of Hawaii, Hawaii
state, U.S.
Reasons for the strongest earthquake in this region - Northward convergence of the African plate | attributed to oblique-
reverse faulting |
world’s first disaster hospital | Project BHISHM (Bharat Health Initiative for Sahyog Hita and Maitri). | India has donanted
Aarigya Mitri cubes - Mayanmar + SL