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SNI 3140.2-2018 Gula Kristal Rafinasi
SNI 3140.2-2018 Gula Kristal Rafinasi
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=29;.757;22, Cudb `rfstbd ” Gbcfba 75 Wbhfabsf (Wohfaoi sucbr).
sucbr) . ]tbaibr faf ifrovfsf iba
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2.
7. Noacongbac
Noacongbac`ba
Noacongbac
Noacongbac`ba`ba stbaibr
`ba stbaibr ioacba
stbaibr ioacba noacf`utf por`ongbacba
ioacba noacf`utf porbturba-p to`ajdjcf0
porbturba-porbturba
orbturba ybac gordb`u0
=. Nodfaiuacf `jasunoa
9. Nodfaiuacf prjiusoa0
?. Noaebnfa poribcbacba pbacba ybac eueur iba
iba gortbaccuac
gortbaccuac ebwbg0
8. Noaiu`uac por`ongbacba
por`ongbacba iba ifvorsfhf`bsf faiustrf cudb.
]tbaibr faf ifrunus`ba jdol @jnfto Yo`afs 83-;9, Nb`baba iba Nfaunba, ybac todbl ifgblbs
nodbduf rbpbt to`afs, iba ifsopb`btf ibdbn rbpbt `jasoasus pbib tbaccbd 76 ]optongor 7;23
if Eb`brtb. Lbifr ibdbn rbpbt torsogut wb`fd ibrf ponorfatbl, `jasunoa, prjiusoa, pb`br,
dongbcb poacuefba, iba fastbasf tor`bft dbfaayb.
]tbaibr faf todbl nodbduf prjsos ebeb` poaibpbt pbib tbaccbd ? Hogrubrf 7;2< sbnpbf ioacba
tbaccbd 8 Bprfd 7;2< ioacba lbsfd b`lfr WB]AF.
[ordu ifporlbtf`ba gblwb `onuac`faba gogorbpb uasur ibrf ij`unoa stbaibr faf ibpbt
gorupb lb` pbtoa. Gbiba ]tbaibrifsbsf Absfjabd tfib` gortbaccuac ebwbg uatu`
poacfioatfhf`bsfba
poacfioatfhf`bsfba sbdbl sbtu btbu sodurul lb` pbtoa ybac bib.
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2 Wubac dfac`up
]tbaibr faf noaotbp`ba fstfdbl iba iohfafsf, gblba, sybrbt nutu, poacbngfdba mjatjl, iba mbrb
7 Bmuba ajrnbtfh
_atu` bmuba gortbaccbd, lbayb oifsf ybac ifbmu ifcuab`ba. _atu` bmuba tfib` gortbaccbd,
oifsf torb`lfr ibrf ij`unoa bmuba (tornbsu` bnbaionoa) ifcuab`ba.
_atu` tueuba poaccuabba ij`unoa faf, fstfdbl iba iohfafsf gorf`ut faf gordb`u.
=.2
cudb `rfstbd rbhfabsf
cudb `rfstbd su`rjsb ybac ifprjiu`sf ibrf cudb `rfstbd noatbl btbu cudb `rfstbd ybac ifgubt ibrf
ungf gft nodbduf prjsos `dbrfhf`bsf ioacba mbrb `brgjabtbsf iba/btbu hjshbtbsf ioacba btbu
tbapb poabngblba gblba tbngblba pbacba
=.7
cudb `rfstbd noatbl
cudb `rfstbd su`rjsb ybac ifgubt ibrf togu nodbduf prjsos iohf`bsf, ybac tfib` gjdol dbacsuac
if`jasunsf jdol nbausfb sogodun ifprjsos dogfl dbaeut
=.=
`brgjabtbsf
prjsos `dbrfhf`bsf ybac noaccuab`ba `bpur Mb(JL) 7 iba cbs MJ7 sogbcbf gblba
ponurafbaayb
=.9
hjshbtbsf
prjsos `dbrfhf`bsf ybac noaccuab`ba `bpur Mb(JL) 7 iba bsbn hjshbt sogbcbf gblba
ponurafbaayb
9 Gblba
Gblba tbngblba pbacba ybac iffzfa`ba uatu` cudb `rfstbd rbhfabsf sosubf ioacba `otoatuba
porbturba poruaibac-uaibacba.
poruaibac-uaibacba.
? ]ybrbt nutu
8 [oacbngfdba mjatjl
3 Mbrb uef
[rjiu` ifaybtb`ba dudus uef bpbgfdb nonoaulf sybrbt nutu sosubf Ybgod 2.
6 Lfcfoao
Mbrb nonprjiu`sf prjiu` ybac lfcfoafs tornbsu` mbrb poayfbpba iba poabacbabaayb
sosubf ioacba porbturba poruaibac-uaibacba.
poruaibac-uaibacba.
2; [oaconbsba
[rjiu` if`onbs ibdbn wbibl ybac tortutup rbpbt, tfib` ifpoacbrulf btbu nonpoacbrulf fsf,
bnba sodbnb poayfnpbaba iba poacbac`utba, sortb sosubf ioacba `otoatuba porbturba
poruaibac-uaibacba.
22 [oabaibba
Dbnpfrba B
(ajrnbtfh)
_atu` porsfbpba mjatjl uef `fnfb, gu`b `onbsba mjatjl cudb `rfstbd rbhfabsf iba bngfd mjatjl
nfafnbd 9 ?;; c, `onuifba tonpbt`ba ibdbn wbibl mjatjl ybac gorsfl iba `orfac.
B.7.2 [rfasfp
[utbrba jptf` mjatjl cudb bibdbl porlftuacba sombrb bdebgbr suiut putbr gfibac pjdbrfsbsf
b`fgbt poacbrul
poacbrul ijnfaba `baiuacba su`rjsb, tornjifhf`bsf jdol `baiuacba
`baiuacba jdol `jnpjaoa
btbu odonoa ybac b`tfh jptf`.
B.7.7 [orbdbtba
b) [jdbrfnotor0
pjdbrfnotor ioacba s`bdb fatorabsfjabd cudb ibdbn "»U" ioacba `otodftfba ² ;,;2 »U btbu
—]„ ioacba `otodftfba ² ;,;2 »]
g) @ubrsb poacuef (qubrtz mjatrjd pdbto)0
pdbto)0
`ubrsb poacuef torsortfhf`bsf ibdbn »U pbib sulu 7;,; »M sosubf ioacba sposfhf`bsf
FM_N]B0
m) Dbgu u`ur 2;; nD0
i) Ybguac pjdbrfnotor0
tbguac pjdbrfnotor ioacba pbaebac 7;; nn sosubf ioacba stbaibr FM_N]B iba ioacba
tjdorbasf `odbs B, ybac nonfdf`f
nonfdf`f iovfbsf 4 ;,;2%. Ybguac n noaccuab`ba
oaccuab`ba nbatod
nbatod bfr ybac
ifluguac`ba ioacba poabacbs bfr ioacba `oaibdf tlornjstbt ioacba sulu
`jastba (7;,; ² ;,2) »M sodbnb poacu`urba.
o) @bmb poautup uatu` tbguac pjdbrfnotor sosubf io ioacba
acba sposfhf`bsf FM_N]B0
FM_N]B0
h) Aorbmb babdftf` ioacba `otodftfba 2 nc0
c) [oabacbs bfr ioacba
ioacba `oa
`oaibdf
ibdf tlor
tlornjstbt
njstbt pbi
pbib
b 7;,; »M (² ;.2 µM)
B.7.= [orob`sf
Bfr sudfac.
g) tfngbac (78,;;;
tbngbl`ba (78,;
bfr ;; ² ;,;;2)
iostfdbsf c mjatjl
sogbayb` 8; nD0`o ibdbn
ibdbn dbgu u`ur 22;;
;; nD ybac `orfac
`orfac iba
m) dbrut`ba ioacba mbrb ifbiu`
ifbiu` pordblba
pordblba tbapb
tbapb ponbabsba
ponbabsba i
iba
ba tbngbl`ba
tbngbl`ba bfr sudfac sbnpbf
sbnpbf
if gbwbl tbaib cbrfs0
i) dotb``ba ibdbn poabacbs bfr gorsulu `frb-`frb 7; solfaccb sulu dbrutba `frb-`frb 7;
»M, `orfac`ba gbcfba btbs ibrf dbgu ioacba `ortbs sbrfac `onuifba topbt`ba sbnpbf
tbaib cbrfs ioacba bfr sudfac gorsulu 7; »M noacuab`ba pfpot totos iba tutup uatu`
noaclfaibrf ovbpjrbsf0
o) gfbr`ba sodbnb =; noaft pb
pbib
ib sulu rubac uatu` no noambpbf
ambpbf `osofngbacba
`osofngbacba sulu0
h) gu`b poautup
poautup dbgu i
iba
ba tfngbac
tfngbac db
dbgu
gu yba
ybacc gorfsf
gorfsf dbrutba
dbrutba sbnpbf
sbnpbf `otodftfba
`otodftfba ² ;,;;2 c0
c) tutup `ongbdf dbgu u`ur i ioacba
oacba po
poautup
autup ybac gorsfl iba `orfac `onuifba
`onuifba ifcjybac
l) ioacba
`jro`sf tbacba bcbr
ajd pbib tormbnpur
pjdb
pjdbrfnotor, norbtb0
rfnotor, mbtbt p
pongbmbba
ongbmbba p
pjdbrfsbsf
jdbrfsbsf pbib porbdbtba ioacba
ioacba sod
`jnpbrtonoa `jsjac ([;)0
f) `jro`sf tbguac
tbguac pjdbrfnotor, gorsfl`ba tbguac iba mbtbt pongbmbba
pongbmbba pjdbrfsbsf torlbibp
tbguac pjdbrfnotor ibdbn `obibba `jsjac pbib sulu rubac ([ W)0
e) poacu`urba pj pjdbrfsbsf
dbrfsbsf `ubrsb poacuef5
poacuef5
- mbtbt pongbmbba sulu pbib pdbto `ubrsb poacuef, tp, ibdbn M0
- dotb``ba tbguac stbaibr `ubrsb pbib sod `jnpbr `jnpbrtonoa
tonoa iba mbtbt pongbmbba
pjdbrfsbsfayb (Rt) ibdbn U0
`) fsf tbguac pjdbrfnotor ioacba dbrutba mjatjl i iba
ba mbtbt sulu rubac
rubac (tr)0
d) dotb``ba tbguac pbib sod `jnpbrtonoa iba mbtbt pongbmbba pjdbrfsbsfayb ([D)0
n) bpbgfdb ifcuab`ba qubrtz woico fastrunoat nb`b mbtbt sulu qubrtz woico, tq
B.7.? [orlftuacba
Addbf pjdbrfsbsf dbrutba cudb tor`jro`sf pbib sulu 7; »M noaccuab`ba mfrmudbr pjdbrfnotor 5
Afdbf pjdbrfsbsf dbrutba cudb tor`jro`sf pbib sulu 7; »M noaccuab`ba qubrtz woico
fastrunoats bibdbl5
@otorbacba5
[7; bibdbl pjdbrfsbsf tor`jro`sf dbrutba cudb pbib sulu 7; »M, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn »U0
[D bibdbl pongbmbba pjdbrfnotor torlbibp dbrutba cudb pbib sulu rubac, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn »U0
[W bibdbl pongbmbba pjdbrfnotor torlbibp tbguac pjdbrfnotor `jsjac pbib sulu rubac,
ifaybtb`ba ibdbn »U0
R7; bibdbl afdbf pjdbrfsbsf
pjdbrfsbsf (sortfhf`bt) stbaibr
stbaibr `ubrsb poacuef pbib sulu rubac
rubac 7; »M, ifaybtb`ba
ibdbn »U0
Rt bibdbl pongbmbba pjdbrfnotor torlbibp stbaibr `ubrsb poacuef pbib sulu rubac 7; »M,
ifaybtb`ba ibdbn »U0
[; bibdbl pongbmbba pjdbrfnotor torlbibp pjdbrfnotor `jsjac (sod `jnpbrtonoa
`jnpbrtonoa `jsjac) pbib
sulu rubac, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn »U0
tp bibdbl sulu `ubrsb uef, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn iorbebt modsfus (»M)0
tr bibdbl sulu dbrutba mjatjl, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn iorbebt modsfus (»M)0 iba
tq bibdbl sulu rubac pjdbrfnotor sodbnb pongbmbba, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn iorbebt modsfus (»M)0 iba
m bibdbl hb`tjr tbguac pjdbrfnotor5
m > ;,;;;983 ef`b tbguac pjdbrfnotor ifgubt ibrf codbs gjrjsfdf`bt0
m > ;,;;;987 ef`b tbguac pjdbrfnotor ifgubt ibrf wfaijws cdbss0
m > ;,;;;9?? ef`b tbguac pjdbrfnotor ifgubt ibrf stbfadoss stood.
]bbt sulu dbrutba pbib sbbt pongbmbba, t r, sotbrb 7;,; »M, nb`b poraybtbba (tr ” 7;) noaebif
sbnb ioacba ; solfaccb ibpbt ifbgbf`ba. Cuab`ba nbatod pbib tbguac bcbr sulu totbp pbib
7;,; »M sodbnb prjsos poacu`urba, gfdb nonuac`fa`ba.
MBYBYBA Ef`b pjdbrfnotor ybac ifcuab`ba ibdbn sbtuba µ] nb`b pongbmbba pjdbrfnotor ybac
iflbsfd`ba lbrus if`javorsf `o ibdbn sbtuba »U ioacba mbrb noacbdf`ba µ] ioacba hb`tjr ;,66632.
Gfdb pdbto torsortfhf`bsf bib ?<3 an iba ifcuab`ba pbib fastrunoat ioacba normury crooa
dfclt ?98 an, afdbf cudb ifgbcf ioacba 2,;;2<. Abnua gfdb pdbto ifcuab`ba pbib sjifun yoddjw
dfclt ?<6 an, `bdf`ba afdbf ioacba 2,;;;2.
Gfdb pdbto
`bdf`ba torsortfhf`bsf
afdbf cudb ioacba bib ?98 an
2,;;2<. iba ifcuab`ba
Abnua pbib qubrtz
gfdb pdbto ifcuab`ba woico
pbib fastrunoat
fastrunoat (?<3
ioacba an),
sjifun
yoddjw dfclt ?<6 an, `bdf`ba afdbf ioacba 2,;;26.
Afdbf cudb torsortfhf`bsf vbdfi uatu` pbaebac tbguac 7;; nn. Gfdb ifcuab`ba pbaebac tbguac
sodbfa torsogut, i, `bdf`ba afdbf torsortfhf`bsf ioacba hb`tjr 7;;/i.
@jro`sf vjduno
@urbacf nbssb dbgu u`ur (B.7.9.b) ioacba tjtbd nbssb dbgu u`ur iba dbrutba (B.7.9.h),
`onuifba `javorsf lbsfd poacurbacba nbssb `o vjduno sogbcbfnbab Ybgod B.2. Afdbf `jro`sf
torlbibp pjdbrfsbsf ifsortb`ba pbib Ybgod torsogut.
t orsogut.
B.7.8 @otodftfba
n X @jro`sf*
2;6,982 66,<;; -;,7;;
2;6,932 66,<2; -;,26;
2;6,9<2 66,<7; -;,2<;
2;6,962 66,<=; -;,23;
2;6,?;2 66,<9; -;,28;
2;6,?22 66,<?; -;,2?;
2;6,?72 66,<?; -;,29;
2;6,?=2 66,<3; -;,2=;
2;6,?92 66,<<; -;,27;
2;6,??2 66,<6; -;,22;
2;6,?82 66,6;; ‛;,2;;
2;6,?32 66,62; -;,;6;
2;6,?<2 66,67; -;,;<;
2;6,?62 66,6=; -;,;3;
2;6,8;2 66,69; -;,;8;
2;6,82; 66,6?; -;,;?;
2;6,87; 66,68; -;,;9;
2;6,8=; 66,63; -;,;=;
2;6,89; 66,6<; -;,;7;
2;6,8?; 66,66; -;,;2;
2;6,88; 2;;,;;; ²;
2;6,83; 2;;,;2; +;,;2;
2;6,8<; 2;;,;7; +;,;7;
2;6,86; 2;;,;=; +;,;=;
2;6,3;; 2;;,;9; +;,;9;
2;6,32; 2;;,;?; +;,;?;
2;6,37; 2;;,;8; +;,;8;
2;6,3=; 2;;,;3; +;,;3;
2;6,39; 2;;,;<; +;,;<;
2;6,3?; 2;;,;6; +;,;6;
2;6,38; 2;;,2;; +;,2;;
2;6,33;
2;6,3<; 2;;,22;
2;;,27; +;,22;
+;,27;
2;6,36; 2;;,2=; +;,2=;
2;6,<;; 2;;,29; +;,29;
2;6,<2; 2;;,2?; +;,2?;
2;6,<7; 2;;,28; +;,28;
2;6,<=; 2;;,23; +;,23;
2;6,<9; 2;;,2<; +;,2<;
2;6,<?; 2;;,26; +;,26;
2;6,<8; 2;;,7;; +;,7;;
B.=.2 [rfasfp
Dbrutba cudb ifpbabs`ba pbib poabacbs bfr ioacba porob`sf bd`bdfao mjppor. Fja tongbcb
ifroiu`sf ioacba bibayb cudb roiu`sf noaebif tongbcb (F) j`sfib ybac tfib` dbrut. Fja
tongbcb `onuifba iftftrbsf ioacba dbrutba otfdoab ifbnfab totrbbsotbt (OIYB) noaccuab`ba
faif`btjr nuroxfio.
B.=.7 [orbdbtba
B.=.= [orob`sf
B.=.? [orlftuacba
_atu` noaclftuac `baiuacba cudb roiu`sf ibpbt ifporcuab`ba Ybgod B.7 gorf`ut.
Ybgod B.7 - Luguacba vjduno tftrbsf OIYB (nD) ioacba `bibr cudb roiu`sf (%)
B.=.8 @otodftfba
_atu` cudb ioacba `baiuacba cudb roiu`sf batbrb ;,;;6 sbnpbf ;,;9 %, porgoibba lbsfd
iub `bdf poacudbacba tfib`
tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf ;,;;9%. [orgoibba
[orgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf roprjiu`sf
tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf ;,;;3%
B.9.2 [rfasfp
]usut poacorfacba iflftuac goribsbr`ba gjgjt ybac lfdbac sodbnb ponbabsba ibdbn jvoa
pbib sulu (2;? ² 2) »M ifdbaeut`ba ioacba `jaifsf poaifacfaba sotodbl poacorfacba.
B.9.7 [orbdbtba
b) [babs`ba mbwba
mbwba gosortb tutupayb ibd
ibdbn
bn `obibba torgu`b ib
ibdbn
dbn jvoa pbib sulu (2;? ²
2) »M sodbnb tfib` `urbac ibrf =; noaft dbdu ifacfa`ba ibdbn iosf`btjr lfaccb noambpbf
sulu rubac, `onuifba tfngbac ioacba aorbmb babdftf` (mbwba iba tutupayb) (S;)0
g) nbsu``ba ioacba
ioacba socorb
socorb 7; c sbnpbf =; c mjatjl `o ibdbn mbwba, tutup, ibaiba tfngbac
(S2)0
m) pbabs`ba mbwba ybac
ybac gorfsf mjatjl torsogut
torsogut ibdb
ibdbnn `obibba torgu`b ioacba
ioacba nodotb``ba
nodotb``ba
tutup mbwba ifsbnpfac mbwba if ibdbn jvoa pbib sulu (2;? ² 2) »M sodbnb = (tfcb) ebn
sotodbl sulu jvoa (2;? ² 2) »M. Vb`fa`ba tfib` bib gblba dbfa if ibdbn jvoa so dbnb
ponbabsba gordbacsuac0
i) tutup mbwba `otf`b nbsfl if ibdbn jvoa, pfai
pfaibl`ba
bl`ba socor
socorb
b `o ibdbn
ibdbn iosf`btjr lfaccb
suluayb sbnb ioacba sulu rubac `onuifba tfngbac (S7)0 iba
o) lftuac susut poacorfacba
poacorfacba ibdbn mjatjl.
B.9.9 [orlftuacba
% %
@otorbacba5
S; bibdbl gjgjt mbwba `jsjac iba tutupayb,
t utupayb, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c)0
S2 bibdbl gjgjt mbwba, tutupayb iba mjatjl sogodun if`orfac`ba, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c)0
S7 bibdbl gjgjt mbwba, tutupayb iba mjatjl sotodbl if`orfac`ba, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c).
B.9.? @otodftfba
@fsbrba lbsfd iub `bdf udbacba nb`sfnbd 2;% ibrf afdbf rbtb-rbtb lbsfd susut poacorfacba. Ef`b
`fsbrba dogfl gosbr ibrf 2;%, nb`b uef lbrus ifudbac `ongbdf.
B.?.2 [rfasfp
Cudb `rfstbd rbhfabsf ifdbrut`ba ibdbn dbrutba ibpbr solfaccb nongorf`ba dbrutba cudb ioacba
pL 3,;. Dbrutba `onuifba ifsbrfac ioacba hfdtor uatu` noaclfdbac`ba `o`orulba. Dbrutba
lbsfd poaybrfacba ifu`ur bgsjrgbasfayb pbib pbaebac codjngbac 97; an iba wbrab dbrutba
torsogut iflftuac.
B.?.7 [orbdbtba
b) ]po`trjhjtjnotor0
g) Jptfmbd modd (`uvot) ioacba pbaebac nfafnbd 9 mn0 `uvot ioacba pbaebac 2; mn btbu dogfl
ifcuab`ba uatu` cudb ybac wbrabayb roaibl0
m) Wohrb`tjnotor ioacba `otodftfba ;,2 c/2;; c0
i) Jvoa vb`un, iosf`btjr vb`un btbu poabacbs udtrbsjafm
udtrbsjafm00
o) Yfngbacba babdftf` ioacba `otodftfba ;,2 c0
h) Nongrba hfdtor ljdior0 iba
c) Nongrba hfdtor ioacba
ioacba u`ur
u`urba
ba pjrf ;,9? δn iba ifbnotor
ifbnotor ?;?; nn.
B.?.= [orob`sf
b) Dbrutba trfotlbajdbnfao
trfotlbajdbnfao (YOB) ;,2 njd/D0
dbrut`ba 3,98; c trfotlbajdbnfao mbfr ibdbn dbgu u`ur ?;; nD iba topbt`ba sbnpbf tbaib
cbrfs ioacba bfr sudfac
g) Dbrutba bsbn `djrfib, LMd ;,2 njd/D0
pfpot ioacba
ioacba lbtf-lbtf
lbtf-lbtf <,6 nD bsbn `djrfib
`djrfib po
po`bt
`bt (2,2< c/nD) `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2.;;;
nD ybac todbl gorfsf 3?; nD bfr sudfac, mbnpur ioacba mbrb nonutbr-nutbr`ba dbgu u`ur
`onuifba topbt`ba ioacba bfr sudfac sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs. _atu` bdtorabtfh dbfaayb, gfsb
eucb ifcuab`ba dbrutba
dbrutba bsbn `djrfib ;,2 njd/D ybac todbl torsoifb
torsoifb sombrb `jnorsfb
`jnorsfbd.
d.
m) Dbrutba ibpbr trfotlbajdbnfao
trfotlbajdbnfao/LMd
/LMd (YOB/LMd ibpbr).
pfaibl`ba ?;; nD dbrutba trfotlbajdbnfao ;,2 njd/D `o ibdbn codbs pfbdb 2.;;; nD, btur
pL dbrutba ioacba noabngbl soif`ft ionf soif`ft dbrutba LMd ;,2 njd/D sbnpbf pL
noaebif 3,;. Ifpordu`ba ² 97; nD dbrutba LMd ;,2 njd/D uatu` nongubt 67; nD dbrutba
ibpbr YOB/LMd. [orsfbpba dbrutba ibpbr faf ifdb`u`ba sbtu lbrf sogodun ifcuab`ba iba
sfnpba pbib sulu ² 9 »M (dbrutba faf stbgfd sodbnb 2 nfaccu). Bpbgfdb b`ba ifcuab`ba,
dbrutba ifstbgfd`ba pbib sulu rubac ioacba noacu`ur pL iba topbt`ba noaebif pL 3,;.
B.?.9.7 Ioborbsf
B.?.9.9.2 [rfasfp
Faio`s gfbs dbrutba cudb torcbatuac eundbl zbt-zbt ybac tordbrut, nos`fpua ionf`fba ibpbt
ifcuab`ba uatu` noacu`ur `baiuacba cudb. Mbrb faf lbayb vbdfi uatu` poacu`urba dbrutba
cudb nuraf, `broab bibayb zbt sodbfa cudb nonpoacbrulf faio`s gfbs torlbibp su`rjsb. Jdol
% su`rjsb (c/2;;c). ]ogbcbf bdtorabtfh lbsfd faf ibpbt ifporjdol ibrf tbgod faio`s gfbs uatu`
dbrutba su`rjsb (Ybgod B.= iba Ybgod B.9)
B.?.9.9.7 [orbdbtba
b) Wohrb`tjnotor, pbib su
sulu
lu 7; »M ib
iba
a nonpu
nonpuaybf
aybf prfsnb gornbatod bfr0
g) ]ungor sfabr dbnpu tuacstoa0
m) [oabacbs bfr iba
iba pjnpb (uatu` noa
noastbgfd`ba
stbgfd`ba sul
sulu
u bfr pbib 7; »M)0
i) Yornjnotor 2?; nn, roatbac
roatbac su
sulu
lu ; »M sbnpbf ?; »M0
»M0
o) Gbtbac pdbstf` ifbnotor ² = nn0 iba
h) Codbs pfbdb ?; nD.
b) _atu` mjatjl ybac tfib` noacbaiuac zbt torsuspoasf ifprjsos soportf soportf pbib B.9.9. zbt
torsuspoasf norupb`ba zbt dbrut ybac gu`ba cudb iba bibayb wbrab codbp ibdbn dbrutba
cudb moaioruac noacurbacf `otbebnba cbrfs pongbtbs pbib rohrb`tjnotor0
g) ef`b if ibdbnayb
ibdbnayb toribpbt
toribpbt suspoasf cudb `rfstbd, n
nb`b
b`b pbabs`b
pbabs`baa dbrutba cudb sbnpbf
sbnpbf sulu
8; »M btbu biu` sbnpbf `rfstbd dbrut. Ibdbn `obibba faf poacubpba bfr ibdbn dbrutba cudb
lbrus ibpbt ifmocbl ioacba noaonpbt`ba dbrutba cudb ibdbn gjtjd tortutup0
m) sotodbl ` `rfstbd
rfstbd cudb dbrut, ifa
ifacfa`ba
cfa`ba somo
somopbtayb
pbtayb sbnp
sbnpbf
bf sulu ybac ifpordu`ba
ifpordu`ba sogodun
sogodun
pongbmbba rohrb`tjnotor.
b) [bstf`ba porbdbtba
porbdbtba ybac todbl ifporsfbp`ba
ifporsfbp`ba iba iftodftf noau
noaurut
rut gu`u pbaiuba bdbt iba
gorsfl`ba pornu`bba prfsnb dbdu `orfac`ba0
` orfac`ba0
g) sodbaeutayb bdfr`ba bfr
bfr poacjatrjd
poacjatrjd 7; »M, nodbduf nbatod pr
prfsnb
fsnb pbib ebac`b wb`tu
wb`tu tortoatu
supbyb torebif `osofngbacba sulu ² ? noaft (prfsnb ibdbn `obibba tortutup)0
m) pfaibl`ba sbtu totos bfr `o prfsnb rohrb`tjnotor
rohrb`tjnotor uatu` n noaoatu`ba
oaoatu`ba tftf` ajd
ajd btbu
ifcuab`ba sogbcbf `jro`sf0
i) `onuifba pfaibl`ba soif`ft dbrutba cudb `o ibdbn co codbs
dbs pfbdb i
iba
ba btur sulu dbrutba
dbrutba cudb
batbrb 2< »M sbnpbf 7< »M0
o) gu`b prfsnb iba totos`ba dbrutba cudb `o pornu`bba prfsnb. ]ogbr`ba ]ogbr`ba dbrutba cudb
noaccuab`ba gbtbac pdbstfm lfaccb noayogbr `o pornu`bba prfsnb, lbtf-lbtf ebacba
sbnpbf torcjros prfsnbayb iba eucb ebacba sbnpbf torgoatu` codonguac, `onuifba
tutup prfsnb somopbtayb0
h) gbmb rohrb`tjnotor sosubf ioacba potuaeu` gu`u pbaiuba bdbt0
c) cuab`ba gogorbpb s`bdb `jro`sf
`jro`sf ua
uatu`
tu` noa
noaibpbt`ba
ibpbt`ba pongbmbba tor`jro`sf.
MBYBYBA
Bpbgfdb if`oreb`ba
if`oreb`ba pbib sulu sodbfa 7; »M, nb`b pongbmbba
pongbmbba Ybg
Ybgod
od B.= lbrus if
if`jro`sf
`jro`sf ioacba Ybgod
B.9.
B.?.9.9.? [orlftuacba
Gfdb rohrb`tjnotor if`bdfgrbsf ibdbn faio`s gfbs, gbmb ybac torio`bt ioacba ;,;;;;? sbtuba
iba ibpbt`ba µGrfx (WI]%) pbib Ybgod B.= iba Ybgod B.9.
B.?.9.9.8 @otodftfba
[oambpbfba poacudbacba
poacudbacba tfib` gjdol dogfl gosbr ibrf ;,7 »Grfx (;,7% WI]).
Ybgod B.= - ]`bdb faio` rohrb`sf fatorabsfjabd FM_N]B uatu` dbrutba su`rjsb nuraf
sulu 7; »M iba ?<6 an
2? 2,=??8< 2,=??<9 2,=?8;; 2,=?828 2,=?8=7 2,=?89< 2,=?889 2,=?8<; 2,=?863 2,=?32=
28 2,=?376 2,=?39? 2,=?382 2,=?333 2,=?36= 2,=?<2; 2,=?<78 2,=?<97 2,=?<?< 2,=?<3?
23 2,=?<62 2,=?6;3 2,=?67= 2,=?69; 2,=?6?8 2,=?637 2,=?6<6 2,=8;;? 2,=8;72 2,=8;=<
2< 2,=8;?9 2,=8;3; 2,=8;<3 2,=82;= 2,=827; 2,=82=8 2,=82?= 2,=8286 2,=82<8 2,=87;7
26 2,=8726 2,=87=? 2,=87?7 2,=878< 2,=87<? 2,=8=;2 2,=8=2< 2,=8==9 2,=8=?2 2,=8=8<
7; 2,=8=<9 2,=89;2 2,=892< 2,=89=9 2,=89?2 2,=898< 2,=89<9 2,=8?;2 2,=8?2< 2,=8?=?
72 2,=8??2 2,=8?8< 2,=8?<? 2,=88;7 2,=8826 2,=88=? 2,=88?7 2,=8886 2,=88<8 2,=83;=
77 2,=837; 2,=83=3 2,=83?9 2,=8332 2,=83<< 2,=8<;9 2,=8<72 2,=8<=< 2,=8<?? 2,=8<37
7= 2,=8<<6 2,=86;3 2,=8679 2,=8692 2,=86?< 2,=863? 2,=8667 2,=3;;6 2,=3;78 2,=3;9=
79 2,=3;8; 2,=3;3< 2,=3;6? 2,=3227 2,=3276 2,=3293 2,=3289 2,=32<2 2,=326< 2,=3728
7? 2,=37== 2,=37?; 2,=3783 2,=37<? 2,=3=;7 2,=3=7; 2,=3==3 2,=3=?9 2,=3=37 2,=3=<6
78 2,=39;3 2,=3979 2,=3992 2,=39?6 2,=3938 2,=3969 2,=3?22 2,=3?76 2,=3?98 2,=3?89
73 2,=3?<7 2,=3?66 2,=3823 2,=38=9 2,=38?7 2,=383; 2,=38<3 2,=33;? 2,=337= 2,=339;
7< 2,=33?< 2,=3338 2,=336= 2,=3<22 2,=3<76 2,=3<93 2,=3<8? 2,=3<<7 2,=36;; 2,=362<
76 2,=36=8 2,=36?9 2,=3637 2,=36<6 2,=<;;3 2,=<;7? 2,=<;9= 2,=<;82 2,=<;36 2,=<;63
=; 2,=<22? 2,=<2== 2,=<2?2 2,=<286 2,=<2<3 2,=<7;? 2,=<77= 2,=<792 2,=<7?6 2,=<733
=2 2,=<768 2,=<=29 2,=<==7 2,=<=?; 2,=<=8< 2,=<=<8 2,=<9;? 2,=<97= 2,=<992 2,=<9?6
=7 2,=<93< 2,=<968 2,=<?29 2,=<?=7 2,=<??2 2,=<?86 2,=<?<< 2,=<8;8 2,=<879 2,=<89=
== 2,=<882 2,=<836 2,=<86< 2,=<328 2,=<3=? 2,=<3?= 2,=<337 2,=<36; 2,=<<;6 2,=<<73
=9 2,=<<98 2,=<<8? 2,=<<<= 2,=<6;7 2,=<67; 2,=<6=6 2,=<6?< 2,=<638 2,=<66? 2,=6;29
=? 2,=6;=7 2,=6;?2 2,=6;3; 2,=6;<< 2,=62;3 2,=6278 2,=629? 2,=6289 2,=62<7 2,=67;2
=8 2,=677; 2,=67=6 2,=67?< 2,=6733 2,=6768 2,=6=2? 2,=6=== 2,=6=?7 2,=6=32 2,=6=6;
=3 2,=69;6 2,=697< 2,=6993 2,=6988 2,=69<? 2,=6?;? 2,=6?79 2,=6?9= 2,=6?87 2,=6?<2
=< 2,=68;; 2,=6826 2,=68=< 2,=68?< 2,=6833 2,=6868 2,=632? 2,=63=9 2,=63?9 2,=633=
=6 2,=6367 2,=6<27 2,=6<=2 2,=6<?; 2,=6<3; 2,=6<<6 2,=66;< 2,=667< 2,=6693 2,=6683
9; 2,=66<8 2,9;;;8 2,9;;7? 2,9;;99 2,9;;89 2,9;;<9 2,9;2;= 2,9;27= 2,9;297 2,9;287
92 2,9;2<2 2,9;7;2 2,9;772 2,9;79; 2,9;78; 2,9;7<; 2,9;766 2,9;=26 2,9;==6 2,9;=?<
97 2,9;=3< 2,9;=6< 2,9;92< 2,9;9=3 2,9;9?3 2,9;933 2,9;963 2,9;?23 2,9;?=3 2,9;??3
9= 2,9;?38 2,9
2,9;?68
;?68 2,
2,9;82
9;828
8 2,
2,9;8=
9;8=8
8 2,9;8?8
2,9;8?8 2,9;8
2,9;838
38 2,9;8
2,9;868
68 2,9;328 2,9;3
2,9;3=8
=8 2,9;3?8
99 2,9;338 2,9
2,9;368
;368 2,
2,9;<2
9;<23
3 2,
2,9;<=
9;<=3
3 2,9;<?3
2,9;<?3 2,9;<
2,9;<33
33 2,9;<
2,9;<63
63 2,9;623 2,9;6
2,9;6=3
=3 2,9;6?<
9? 2,9;63< 2,9
2,9;66<
;66< 2,
2,92;2
92;2<
< 2,
2,92;=
92;=6
6 2,92;?6
2,92;?6 2,92;
2,92;36
36 2,92;
2,92;66
66 2,9227; 2,922
2,9229;
9; 2,9228;
98 2,922<2 2,9
2,927;2
27;2 2,
2,9277
92777
7 2,
2,9279
92797
7 2,92787
2,92787 2,927
2,927<=
<= 2,92=
2,92=;=
;= 2,92=79 2,92=
2,92=99
99 2,92=8?
93 2,92=<? 2,929;8
2,929;8 2,
2,9297
92973
3 2,
2,9299
92993
3 2,9298<
2,9298< 2,929<<
2,929<< 2,92?
2,92?;6
;6 2,92?=; 2,92??;
2,92??; 2,92?32
9< 2,92?67 2,9
2,92827
2827 2,
2,928=
928==
= 2,
2,928?
928?9
9 2,9283?
2,9283? 2,928
2,9286?
6? 2,923
2,92328
28 2,923=3 2,923
2,923?<
?< 2,92336
96 2,92366 2,9
2,92<7;
2<7; 2,
2,92<9
92<92
2 2,
2,92<8
92<87
7 2,92<<=
2,92<<= 2,926
2,926;9
;9 2,926
2,9267?
7? 2,92698 2,926
2,92683
83 2,926<<
?; 2,97;;6 2,9
2,97;=;
7;=; 2,
2,97;?
97;?2
2 2,
2,97;3
97;37
7 2,97;6=
2,97;6= 2,972
2,97229
29 2,972
2,972=?
=? 2,972?8 2,972
2,97233
33 2,97266
?2 2,9777; 2,9
2,97792
7792 2,
2,9778
97787
7 2,
2,977<
977<=
= 2,97=;?
2,97=;? 2,97=
2,97=78
78 2,97=
2,97=93
93 2,97=8< 2,97=
2,97=6;
6; 2,97922
?7 2,979=7 2,9
2,979?9
79?9 2,
2,9793
9793?
? 2,
2,9796
97963
3 2,97?2<
2,97?2< 2,97?
2,97?=6
=6 2,97?
2,97?82
82 2,97?<7 2,978
2,978;9
;9 2,9787?
?= 2,97893 2,9
2,9788<
788< 2,
2,9786
9786;
; 2,
2,9732
97322
2 2,973==
2,973== 2,973
2,973?9
?9 2,973
2,97338
38 2,9736< 2,97<
2,97<26
26 2,97<92
?9 2,97<8= 2,9
2,97<<9
7<<9 2,
2,976;
976;8
8 2,
2,9767
9767<
< 2,97696
2,97696 2,976
2,97632
32 2,976
2,9766=
6= 2,9=;2? 2,9=;
2,9=;=8
=8 2,9=;?<
?? 2,9=;<; 2,9
2,9=2;7
=2;7 2,
2,9=27
9=279
9 2,
2,9=29
9=298
8 2,9=28<
2,9=28< 2,9=2
2,9=26;
6; 2,9=7
2,9=722
22 2,9=7== 2,9=7
2,9=7??
?? 2,9=733
?8 2,9=766 2,9
2,9==72
==72 2,
2,9==9
9==9=
= 2,
2,9==8
9==8?
? 2,9==<3
2,9==<3 2,9=9
2,9=92;
2; 2,9=9
2,9=9=7
=7 2,9=9?9 2,9=9
2,9=938
38 2,9=96<
?3 2,9=?7; 2,9
2,9=?97
=?97 2,
2,9=?8
9=?8?
? 2,
2,9=?<
9=?<3
3 2,9=8;6
2,9=8;6 2,9=8
2,9=8=2
=2 2,9=8
2,9=8?9
?9 2,9=838 2,9=8
2,9=86<
6< 2,9=37;
?< 2,9=39= 2,9
2,9=38?
=38? 2,
2,9=3<
9=3<3
3 2,
2,9=<2
9=<2;
; 2,9=<=7
2,9=<=7 2,9=<
2,9=<??
?? 2,9=<
2,9=<33
33 2,9=6;; 2,9=6
2,9=677
77 2,9=699
?6 2,9=683 2,9
2,9=6<6
=6<6 2,
2,99;2
99;27
7 2,
2,99;=
99;=?
? 2,99;?3
2,99;?3 2,99;
2,99;<;
<; 2,992
2,992;7
;7 2,9927? 2,992
2,9929<
9< 2,9923;
8; 2,9926= 2,9
2,99728
9728 2,
2,997=
997=<
< 2,
2,9978
99782
2 2,997<9
2,997<9 2,99=
2,99=;8
;8 2,99=
2,99=76
76 2,99=?7 2,99=
2,99=3?
3? 2,99=6<
82 2,9997; 2,9
2,9999=
999= 2,
2,9998
99988
8 2,
2,999<
999<6
6 2,99?27
2,99?27 2,99?
2,99?=?
=? 2,99?
2,99??<
?< 2,99?<2 2,998
2,998;9
;9 2,99873
87 2,998?; 2,9
2,9983=
983= 2,
2,9986
99868
8 2,
2,9932
99326
6 2,99397
2,99397 2,993
2,9938?
8? 2,993
2,993<<
<< 2,99<22 2,99<
2,99<=9
=9 2,99<?<
8= 2,99<<2 2,9
2,996;9
96;9 2,
2,9967
99673
3 2,
2,996?
996?;
; 2,99639
2,99639 2,996
2,99663
63 2,9?;
2,9?;7;
7; 2,9?;9= 2,9?;
2,9?;83
83 2,9?;6;
89 2,9?22= 2,9
2,9?2=3
?2=3 2,
2,9?28
9?28;
; 2,
2,9?2<
9?2<9
9 2,9?7;3
2,9?7;3 2,9?7
2,9?7=;
=; 2,9?7
2,9?7?9
?9 2,9?733 2,9?=
2,9?=;2
;2 2,9?=79
8? 2,9?=9< 2,9
2,9?=32
?=32 2,
2,9?=6
9?=6?
? 2,
2,9?92
9?926
6 2,9?997
2,9?997 2,9?9
2,9?988
88 2,9?9
2,9?9<6
<6 2,9??2= 2,9??
2,9??=3
=3 2,9??8;
88 2,9??<9 2,9
2,9?8;<
?8;< 2,
2,9?8=
9?8=2
2 2,
2,9?8?
9?8??
? 2,9?836
2,9?836 2,9?3
2,9?3;=
;= 2,9?3
2,9?378
78 2,9?3?; 2,9?3
2,9?339
39 2,9?36<
83 2,9?<77 2,9
2,9?<98
?<98 2,
2,9?<3
9?<3;
; 2,
2,9?<6
9?<6=
= 2,9?623
2,9?623 2,9?6
2,9?692
92 2,9?6
2,9?68?
8? 2,9?6<6 2,98;
2,98;2=
2= 2,98;=3
8< 2,98;82 2,9
2,98;<?
8;<? 2,
2,982;
982;6
6 2,
2,982=
982=9
9 2,982?<
2,982?< 2,982
2,982<7
<7 2,987
2,987;8
;8 2,987=; 2,987
2,987?9
?9 2,9873<
86 2,9
2,98=;=
8=;= 2,9
2,98=73
8=73 2,
2,98=?
98=?2
2 2,
2,98=3
98=3?
? 2,
2,989;
989;;
; 2,989
2,98979
79 2,989
2,9899<
9< 2,9893=
2,9893= 2,989
2,98963
63 2,98?72
3; 2,9
2,98?98
8?98 2,9
2,98?3;
8?3; 2,
2,98?6
98?69
9 2,
2,9882
98826
6 2,
2,9889
9889=
= 2,988
2,9888<
8< 2,988
2,98867
67 2,98323
2,98323 2,983
2,98392
92 2,98388
32 2,9
2,9836;
836; 2,9
2,98<2?
8<2? 2,
2,98<9
98<9;
; 2,
2,98<8
98<89
9 2,
2,98<<
98<<6
6 2,986
2,9862=
2= 2,986
2,986=<
=< 2,9868=
2,9868= 2,986
2,986<3
<3 2,93;27
37 2,9
2,93;=3
3;=3 2,9
2,93;87
3;87 2,
2,93;<
93;<8
8 2,
2,9322
93222
2 2,
2,932=
932=8
8 2,932
2,93282
82 2,932
2,932<8
<8 2,9372;
2,9372; 2,937=?
2,937=? 2,9378;
3= 2,9
2,937<?
37<? 2,9
2,93=2;
3=2; 2,
2,93==
93==?
? 2,
2,93=8
93=8;
; 2,
2,93=<
93=<?
? 2,939
2,9392;
2; 2,939
2,939=?
=? 2,9398;
2,9398; 2,939
2,939<?
<? 2,93?2;
39 2,9
2,93?=?
3?=? 2,9
2,93?8;
3?8; 2,
2,93?<
93?<?
? 2,
2,9382
9382;
; 2,
2,938=
938=?
? 2,938
2,93882
82 2,938
2,938<8
<8 2,93322
2,93322 2,933
2,933=8
=8 2,93382
3? 2,9
2,933<3
33<3 2,9
2,93<27
3<27 2,
2,93<=
93<=3
3 2,
2,93<8
93<87
7 2,
2,93<<
93<<<
< 2,936
2,9362=
2= 2,936
2,936=<
=< 2,93689
2,93689 2,936
2,936<6
<6 2,9<;2?
38 2,9
2,9<;9;
<;9; 2,9
2,9<;8?
<;8? 2,
2,9<;6
9<;62
2 2,
2,9<22
9<228
8 2,
2,9<29
9<297
7 2,9<2
2,9<283
83 2,9<2
2,9<26=
6= 2,9<72<
2,9<72< 2,9<7
2,9<799
99 2,9<73;
33 2,9
2,9<76?
<76? 2,9
2,9<=72
<=72 2,
2,9<=9
9<=98
8 2,
2,9<=3
9<=37
7 2,
2,9<=6
9<=6<
< 2,9<9
2,9<97=
7= 2,9<9
2,9<996
96 2,9<93?
2,9<93? 2,9<?
2,9<?;2
;2 2,9<?78
3< 2,9
2,9<??7
<??7 2,9
2,9<?3<
<?3< 2,
2,9<8;
9<8;9
9 2,
2,9<87
9<876
6 2,
2,9<8?
9<8??
? 2,9<8
2,9<8<2
<2 2,9<3
2,9<3;3
;3 2,9<3==
2,9<3== 2,9<3
2,9<3?6
?6 2,9<3<?
36 2,9
2,9<<22
<<22 2,9
2,9<<=3
<<=3 2,
2,9<<8
9<<8=
= 2,
2,9<<<
9<<<6
6 2,
2,9<62
9<62?
? 2,9<6
2,9<692
92 2,9<6
2,9<683
83 2,9<66=
2,9<66= 2,96;
2,96;26
26 2,96;9?
<; 2,9
2,96;32
6;32 2,9
2,96;63
6;63 2,
2,9627
9627=
= 2,
2,9629
96296
6 2,
2,9623
9623?
? 2,967
2,967;7
;7 2,967
2,9677<
7< 2,967?9
2,967?9 2,967
2,967<;
<; 2,96=;3
<2 2,9
2,96===
6=== 2,9
2,96=?6
6=?6 2,
2,96=<
96=<8
8 2,
2,9692
96927
7 2,
2,969=
969=<
< 2,969
2,9698?
8? 2,969
2,96962
62 2,96?23
2,96?23 2,96?
2,96?99
99 2,96?3;
<7 2,9
2,96?63
6?63 2,9
2,9687=
687= 2,
2,968?
968?;
; 2,
2,9683
96838
8 2,
2,963;
963;=
= 2,963
2,96376
76 2,963
2,963?8
?8 2,963<7
2,963<7 2,96<
2,96<;6
;6 2,96<=?
<= 2,9
2,96<87
6<87 2,9
2,96<<6
6<<6 2,
2,9662
9662?
? 2,
2,9669
96697
7 2,
2,9668
96686
6 2,966
2,9666?
6? 2,?;;
2,?;;77
77 2,?;;96
2,?;;96 2,?;;
2,?;;38
38 2,?;2;7
<9 2,?
2,?;276
;276 2,?
2,?;2?8
;2?8 2,
2,?;2<
?;2<=
= 2,
2,?;72
?;72;
; 2,
2,?;7=
?;7=3
3 2,?;7
2,?;78=
8= 2,?;7
2,?;76;
6; 2,?;=23
2,?;=23 2,?;=
2,?;=99
99 2,?;=32
<? 2,?
2,?;=6<
;=6< 2,?
2,?;97?
;97? 2,
2,?;9?
?;9?7
7 2,
2,?;93
?;936
6 2,
2,?;?;
?;?;8
8 2,?;?
2,?;?==
== 2,?;?
2,?;?8;
8; 2,?;?<3
2,?;?<3 2,?;8
2,?;829
29 2,?;892
Lftuac `jasoatrbsf zbt pbibt mjatjl ibdbn dbrutba, m, ibrf poacu`urba WI]0 WI] tor`jro`sf
iflftuac ioacba mbrb noacbdf`ba WI] ioacba hb`tjr ;,6<6. Cuab`ba WI] tor`jro`sf uatu`
noaoatu`ba ioasftbs (ς) pbib dbrutba uef ibrf Ybgod B.?.
?;
?2 2776,3
27=?,7
?7 279;,3
?= 2798,=
_atu` noaclftuac `jasoatrbsf dbrutba (m) noaccuab`ba runus sogbcbf gorf`ut5
B.?.8 @otodftfba
_atu` cudb ioacba wbrab dbrutba sbnpbf ioacba ?; F_ 3.;, nb`b porgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf
poacudbacba
poacudbacb a tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf = F_3.;.
_atu` cudb ioacba wbrab dbrutba sbnpbf ioacba ?; F_3.;, nb`b porgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf
roprjiu`sf tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 3 F_3.;.
_atu` cudb ioacba wbrab dbrutba batbrb ?; sbnpbf 7;; F_ 3.;, nb`b porgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf
poacudbacba
poacudbacb a tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 6 F_3.;.
_atu` cudb ioacba wbrab dbrutba batbrb ?; sbnpbf 7;; F_ 3.;, nb`b porgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf
roprjiu`sf tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 77 F_3.;.
_atu` cudb ioacba wbrab dbrutba batbrb 7;; sbnpbf 8;; F_ 3.;, nb`b porgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf
poacudbacba
poacudbacb a tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 99 F_ 3.;.
_atu` cudb ioacba wbrab dbrutba batbrb 7;; sbnpbf 8;; F_ 3.;, nb`b porgoibba lbsfd iub
`bdf roprjiu`sf tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 2;6 F_ 3.;.
]AF =29;.757;2<
B.8.2 [rfasfp
[oacu`urba `jaiu`tfvftbs sposfhf` dbrutba cudb pbib `bibr 7< c/2;; c `onuifba `bibr bgu
iflftuac noaccuab`ba hb`tjr `jro`sf.
B.8.7 [orbdbtba
b) Mjaiumtfvfty notor0
g) Yfngbacba babdftf` `otodftfba ;,2 nc0
m) [fpot0 iba
i) Dbgu u`ur 2.;;; nD, ?;; nD, ibaiba 2;; nD.
B.8.= [orob`sf
b) Bfr nuraf0
bfr ybac todbl noacbdbnf iub `bdf poayudfacba, btbu bfr iofjafsbsf ioacba `jaiu`tfvftbs
`urbac ibrf 7 δ]/mn.
g) @bdfun `djrfib, @Md ;,;2 njd/D0
tfngbac 39?,? nc @Md ybac todbl if`orfac`ba pbib sulu ?;; »M, dbrut`ba ioacba bfr
sudfac ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2.;;; nD `onuifba topbt`ba sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs. Gfsb eucb
ifcuab`ba dbrutba @Md ;,;2 njd/D ybac torsoifb sombrb `jnorsfbd.
m) @bdfun `djrfib, @Md ;,;;;7 njd/D0
pfpot 2; nD dbrutba @Md ;,;2 nc/D `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur ?;; nD iba oamor`ba ioacba bfr
sudfac sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs. Dbrutba faf nonpuaybf `jaiu`tfvftbs (78,8 ² ;,=) δ]/mn pbib
sulu 7; »M (sotodbl if`urbacf ioacba `jaiu`tfvftbs sposfhf` bfr ybac ifcuab`ba).
b) Yfngbac (=2,= ² ;,2) c mjatjl uef `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2;; nD iba dbrut`ba ioacba bfr
sudfac `onuifba topbt`ba sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs pbib sulu 7; »M0
g) mbrb dbfa bibdbl dbru
dbrut`ba
t`ba (7<,; ² ;,2) c mjatjl uef ibdbn bfr sudfac iba tfngbac
tfngbac solfaccb
gjgjtayb noaebif 2;;,; c c.. Eundbl pbibtba ibdbn dbrutba lbrus =2,= c/2;;
c/2;; nD
nD btbu 7<
c/2;; c dbrutba0
m) biu` ioacba gbf` iba
iba pfa
pfaibl`ba
ibl`ba dbrutba `o ibdbn sod poacu`ur
poacu`ur (nobsurfac modd)
modd) iba u`ur
`jaiu`tfvftbs pbib sulu (7; ² ;,7) »M (M 2)0
i) mo` poacu`urba
poacu`urba noaccuab`ba dbrutba gb`u (@Md ;,;;;7;,;;;7 njd/D).
njd/D).
B.8.? [orlftuacba
@otorbacba5
M7< bibdbl `jaiu`tfvf
`jaiu`tfvftbs
tbs tor`jro`sf pb
pbib
ib dbrutba 7< c/2;; c0
M2 bibdbl @jaiu`tfvftbs mjatjl pbib sulu 7; »M, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nf`rjsfonoas
nf`rjsfonoas por mn (δ]/mn)0
M7 bibdbl `jaiu`tfvftbs
`jaiu`tfvftbs sposfhf`
sposfhf` bfr sudfac pbib
pbib sulu 7; »M »M,, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nf`rjsf
nf`rjsfonoas
onoas por
soatfnotor (δ]/mn).
Gfdb poacu`urba ifdb`u`ba pbib sulu if dubr sulu stbaibr (`fsbrba sulu poacu`urba
sogbf`ayb pbib (7; ² ?) »M, gubtdbl `jro`sf sulu pbib b`lfr poacuefba5
]AF =29;.757;2<
M7; >
,
@otorbacba5
MY bibdbl `jaiu`tfhftbs pbib sulu Y »M0 iba
M7; bibdbl `jaiu`tfhftbs pbib sulu 7; »M.
MBYBYBA
Gfdb `jaiu`tfvftbs dbrutba stbaibr @Md ;,;;7 njd/D iftoatu`ba pbib
sulu (7; ² ?) »M, nb`b `jaiu`tfvftbs @Md stbaibr iftoatu`ba ioacba runus `jaiu
`jaiu`tfvftbs
`tfvftbs
@Md ;,;;;7 njd/D pbib sulu Y »M > 78,8 {2 + ;,;72 (Y - 7;)}
B.8.3 @otodftfba
Wopobtbgfdfty uef bgu `jaiu`tfhftbs ioacba notjio faf tfib` dogfl ibrf ;,;;22?% soibac`ba
roprjiumfgfdfty tfib` dogfl ibrf ;,;;233%.
B.3 ]oifnoa
B.3.2 [rfasfp
Cudb ybac ifuef ifdbrut`ba ibdbn bfr pbabs iba ifsbrfac noaccuab`ba sbrfacba nongrba
pjrjsftbs < δn. Nongrba iba zbt pbibt tb` dbrut (soifnoa) ybac tortblba pbib
nongrba ifmumf, if`orfac`ba iba iftfngbac.
B.3.7 [orbdbtba
b) [orbdbtba poaybrfac ybac torifrf hfdtor ljdior, ibpbt ifpbsbac mjafmbd hfdtrbtfja hdbs`
`bpbsftbs 9 D, ibpbt ifluguac`ba ioacba pjnpb vb`un0
b) jvoa0
g) aorbmb babdftf` ioacba `otodftfba ;,2 nc0
m) tfngbacba `bpbsftbs ? `c ioacba `otodftfba 2 c0
i) iosf`btjr0
o) euc stbfadoss stood 7.;;; nD ifdoac`bpf ioacba poacbiu` stbfadoss stood0
stood0
h) pfasot (twoozors
twoozors)0
)0
c) mbwba potrf ibrf pdbstf` btbu bdunfafun0 iba
l) nongrba hfdtor ifbnotor
ifbnotor ? mn, ioa
ioacba
cba u`
u`urba
urba pjrf <,; δn.
B.3.= [orob`sf
b) [orob`sf `rjnbtjcrbhf
`rjnbtjcrbhf ((Mlrjnbtjcrbpl
Mlrjnbtjcrbplfm
fm sprby robcoat)5
robcoat)5 2-abpltljd
2-abpltljd/dbrutba
/dbrutba bsbn hjshbt0
g) dbrut`ba 2 c 2-abpltljd ibdbn 2;; nD otbajd iba tbngbl`ba 2; nD bsbn jrtjhjshbt (GE
> 2,86 c/nD)0 iba
m) bfr sudfac.
]AF =29;.757;2<
b) Mumf sbrfacba
sbrfacba nongrba ioacba mbrb ifmodu ifmodup`ba
p`ba `o ibdbn bfr sudfac noaififl
noaififl sodbnb 8
noaft iba tfrfs`ba0
g) pfaibl`ba `o ibdbn
ibdbn mbwba potrf yba
ybacc gorsfl iba `orfac
`orfac noaccuab`ba
noaccuab`ba pfasot0
pfasot0
m) `orfac`ba nongrba ioacba tutup potrf torgu`b `o ibdbn jvoa pbib sulu 8; »M sbnpbf
8? »M sodbnb 2 ebn0
i) sotodbl `orfac,
`orfac, tutup dbcf mbwb
mbwba
a potrf iba
iba ifacfa`
ifacfa`ba
ba ibdbn iosf`btjr sodbnb
sodbnb ² =; noaft0
iba
o) tfngbac iba mbtbt
mbtbt gorb
gorbtt nongrba
nongrba `or
`orfac
fac sbnpbf `ja
`jastba
stba (N2).
(N2).
b) Gbsblf sbrfacba
sbrfacba nongrba ybac todbl if iftfngbac
tfngbac ioac
ioacba
ba mbrb noacbpuac`ba
noacbpuac`ba pbib bfr
sudfac ibdbn mbwba potrf0
g) dotb``ba sbrfacba
sbrfacba ybac todbl ifgbsbl
ifgbsblff ibdbn poaybaccb sbrfacba ibaiba dowbt`ba dbrutba
cudb pbabs nodbduf sbrfacba nongrba ybac gorto`baba vb`un0
m) ioacba lbtf-lbtf, gfdbs euc stbfadoss stood ioacba bfr sudfac pbabs noaccuab`ba
poacbiu` dbdu tubac`ba `o ibdbn poaybaccb sbrfacba0
i) mumf zbt tb` dbrut ybac tortfaccbd if nongrba i ibdbn
bdbn poayb
poaybaccb
accb sbrfacba
sbrfacba ioacba bfr sudfac
pbabs sogbayb` ?;; nD0
o) uatu` cudb putfl
putfl ybac sudft ifsbrfa
ifsbrfac,
c, gbsblf nongr
nongrbaba pbib sbr
sbrfacba
facba bwbd ioacba
ioacba bfr
sudfac sortb `ongbdf`ba `o ibdbn poaybaccb sbrfacba. Mumf ioacba bfr sudfac pbabs
sogbayb` 2.;;; nD.
b) ]otodbl poamumfba
poamumfba b`lfr, `ongbdf`ba btb
btbu
u nongrba iba sbrfacba
sbrfacba bwbd `o ibdbn mbwba
potrf sonudb.
sonudb. @orfac`ba
@orfac`ba mbwba
mbwba potrf ioacba tutup ifg
ifgu`b
u`b `o ibdbn jvoa
jvoa pbib
pbib sulu (8;
»M sbnpbf 8? »M) sodbnb 2 ebn0
g) tutup `ongbdf
`ongbdf mbwba potrf iba ifacfa`b
ifacfa`baa ibdbn iiosf`btjr
osf`btjr sodbnb ² =; noaft.
noaft. Yfngbac
nongrba sbnpbf `jastba, (N7)0
m) uatu` cudb ybac sudft ifsb
ifsbrfac,
rfac, `orfac`ba nongrba i iba
ba sbrfacba bwbd poacorfacba
poacorfacba
sodbnb 2 ¾ ebn0
i) oho`tfvftbs poamumfba sbacbtdbl poatfac ibdbn poacbrulayb torlbibp `otodftfba0
o) poacuefba faf
faf ibpbt ifuef ioacba
ioacba noayonprj
noayonprjt`ba
t`ba robcoa 2-abpltljd/bsbn
2-abpltljd/bsbn hjshbt
hjshbt iba
`orfac`ba nongrba pbib sulu 2;? »M, nongrba lbrus gogbs go gbs `jnpjaoa
`jnpjaoa ybac
noayogbg`ba wbrab uacu.
B.3.? [orlftuacba
@otorbacba5
N; bibdbl gjgjt mjatjl, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn cr
crbn (c)0
N2 bibdbl gjgjt sbrfacba nongrba, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c)0 iba
N7 bibdbl gjgjt sbrfacba nongrba + zbt tb` dbrut, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c).
]AF =29;.757;2<
B.3.8 @otodftfba
[orgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf poacudbacba (rfpftbgfdfty) tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 9,6 nc/`c.
[orgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf roprjiu`sf (roprjiu`sfgfdfty) tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 3,7 nc/`c.
B.<.2 [rfasfp
]oeundbl mjatjl ifdotb``ba pbib gbcfba btbs ibrf subtu sot byb`ba `onuifba ifbyb`
solfaccb b`ba torebif ponfsblba goribsbr`ba pbib porgoibbba u`urba hrb`sf. ]otfbp hrb`sf
iftfngbac iba iftoatu`ba prosoatbso gjgjt torlbibp mjatjl.
B.<.7 [orbdbtba
B.<.=.7 [oacbyb`ba
B.<.9 [orlftuacba
Mjatjl porlftuacba5
Gjgjt poafngbacba cudb5 2;; c
Ibtb u`urba byb`ba, lbsfd poafngbacba, sortb porlftuacba `unudbtfh cudb ybac torsfsb
iftuaeu``ba pbib Ybgod B.8.
]AF =29;.757;2<
Ybgod B.8 - Luguacba batbrb u`urba byb`ba (nn) ioacba `unudbtfh cudb ybac torsfsb (%)
uatu` mjatjl porlftuacba
_atu` y > ?;
y
?; >
> -238,=x
-238,=x +
+ 2=8,2
2=8,2
x > ;,96
_atu` y > 28
y > -238,=x + 2=8,2
28 > -238,=x + 2=8,2
x > ;,8<
]AF =29;.757;2<
B.6.2 [rfasfp
Sbrab `jnpdo` sudhft/rjsbafdfa ifu`ur sombrb hjtjnotrf` pbib pbaebac codjngbac ?8; an
sotodbl gorob`sf ioacba hjrnbdiolfi.
B.6.7 [orbdbtba
B.6.= [orob`sf
pfaibl`ba
tbngbl`ba 9 nD LMd
8 nD dbrutba
po`btrjsbafdfa lfirj`djrfib
iba topbt`ba ioacbaeoaul `o ibdbn
bfr sudfac sbnpbfdbgu
tbaibu`ur 2;;
cbrfs. nD,
Sbrab
b`ba socorb lfdbac totbpf gfbr`ba iudu sodbnb 2 ebn sogodun ifcuab`ba.
m) Dbrutba hjrnbdiolfib ;,7 c/2;; nD0
oamor`ba ioacba bfr sudfac ? nD hjrnbdiolfi pb. ς7; > 2,;3; - 2,;<; noaebif 2.;;; nD
ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2.;;; nD.
i) Dbrutba su`rjsb nuraf0
dbrut`ba 2;; c su`rjsb gogbs sudhft (pb) ioacba bfr sudfac ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2;;; nD iba
topbt`ba sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs.
o) Dbrutba abtrfun lfirj`sfib, AbJL ;,2 njd/D0
h) Dbrutba yjifun ;,;? njd/D0
]AF =29;.757;2<
/ 7?=,7;=7
@otorbacba5
m bibdbl `jasoatrbsf dbrutba stbaibr godorbac
godorbac ifj`sfib, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nf`rjcrbn por nfddfdftor
nfddfdftor
(δc/nD)0 iba
t bibdbl vjduno dbrutba abtrfun tfjsudhft, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nfddfdftor (nD).
]AF =29;.757;2<
o) u`ur bgsjrgbas noaccuab`ba `uvot ifbnotor 2 mn pbib pbaebac codjngbac ?8; an0
iba
h) cuab`ba bfr sudfac sogbcbf gdba`j.
b) [fpot dbrutba
dbrutba stbaibr sudhft oamor 2 nD, 7 nD, = nD,
nD, 9 nD, ? nD iba
iba 8 nD (a), nbsu``ba
nbsfac-nbsfac `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2;; nD (dbgu u`ur lbrus gogbs sudhft)0
g) tbngbl`ba nbsfac-nbsfac
nbsfac-nbsfac 9 nD AbJL ;,2 njd/D iba topbt`ba sbnpbf tbaib tbaib
cbrfsa
cbrfs aioacba dbrutba su`rjsb iba `jmj` lfaccb ljnjcoa0
m) pfpot nbs
nbsfac-nbsfac
fac-nbsfac 2; nD dbrutba ifbtbs iba nbsu``ba `o ibdbn tbguac tbguac rob`sf
rob`sf ybac
gorsfl iba `orfac0
i) tbngbl`ba 7 nD dbrutba rjsbafdfa tfib` gorwbr
gorwbrab
ab iba 7 nd dbrutba
dbrutba hjrnbdiolfib
hjrnbdiolfib `onuifba
`onuifba
gfbr`ba sodbnb =; noaft pbib sulu rubac0
o) u`ur nbsfac-nbsfac bgsjrgbas-ayb pbib pbaebac codjngbac ?8; an0 an0
h) cuab`ba bfr sudfac sogbcbf gdba`j0 iba
c) gubt `urvb
`urvb luguacba
luguacba batbrb bgsjrgbas ioacba `jasoatrbsf sudhft.
@jasoatrbsf godorbac ifj`sfib pbib sotfbp tbguac rob`sf bibdbl5
2;
@otorbacba5
a bibdbl eundbl dbrutba stbaibr
stbaibr sudhft oamor ybac
ybac iftbn
iftbngbl`ba
gbl`ba `o ibdbn sotfbp dbgu
dbgu u`ur 2;; nd,
nd,
ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nfddfdftor0 iba
m bibdbl `jasoatrbsf dbrutba stbaibr sudhft oamor ybac ifporjdol pbib poaoatuba
poaoatuba ajrnbdftbs stbaibr
sudhft, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nf`rjcrbn ]J7.
B.6.? [orlftuacba
@baiuacba godorbac
godorbac ifj`sfib if ibdbn mjatjl bibdbl5
B.6.8 @otodftfba
_atu` cudb rbhfabsf ybac `baiuacba sudhftayb batbrb 9,7; nc/`c sbnpbf ioacba 73,8= nc/`c,
afdbf rfpftbgfdfty batbrb ;,37 nc/`c sbnpbf ioacba ?,8 nc/`c ioacba rbtb-rbtb afdbf rfpftbgfdfty
bibdbl
sbnpbf =,79 nc/`c.
ioacba 79,26_atu`
nc/`ccudb rbhfabsf
ioacba ybac roprjiusfgfdfty
rbtb-rbtb sbnb afdbf roprjiusfgfdfty
22,;6 nc/`c.batbrb 2,?8 nc/`c
B.2;.2.2 [rfasfp
Iostru`sf mjatjl ioacba mbrb poacbguba `orfac pbib sulu 9?; M ybac ifdbaeut`ba ioacba
podbrutba ibdbn dbrutba bsbn. Djcbn ybac tordbrut iflftuac noaccuab`ba bdbt
]po`trjhjtjnotor ]orbpba Btjn (]]B) ioacba pbaebac codjngbac nb`sfnun 77<,< an.
]AF =29;.757;2<
B.2;.2.7 [orbdbtba
B.2;.2.= [orob`sf
b) Bsbn aftrbt, LAJ= po`bt0
g) Bsbn `djrfib, LMd po`bt0
m) Dbrutba bsbn aftrbt, LAJ= ;,2 A0
oamor`ba 3 nD LAJ= po`bt ioacba bqubgfios ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2.;;; nD iba oamor`ba
sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs.
i) Dbrutba bsbn `djrfib,
`djrfib, LMd 8 A0
oamor`ba ?;; nD LMd po`bt ioacba bqubgfios ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2.;;; nD iba oamor`ba
sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs.
o) Dbrutba gb`u 2.;;; ¿c/nD Mi0
dbrut`ba 2,;;; c Mi ioacba 3 nD LAJ = po`bt ibdbn codbs pfbdb 7?; nD iba nbsu``ba
`o ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2 ;;; nD `onuifba oamor`ba ioacba bqubgfios sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs
btbu gfsb ifcuab`ba dbrutba gb`u Mi 2.;;; ¿c/nD sfbp pb`bf.
h) Dbrutba gb`u 7;; ¿c/nD Mi0
pfpot 2; nD dbrutba gb`u 2 ;;; ¿c/nD Mi `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur ?; nD `onuifba oamor`ba
ioacba bqubgfios
bqubgfios sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs `onuifba if`jmj`. Dbrutba gb`u `oiub faf nonfdf`f
`jasoatrbsf 7;; ¿c/nD Mi.
c) Dbrutba gb`u 2; ¿c/nD Mi0
pfpot 7; nD dbrutba gb`u 7;; ¿c/nD Mi `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2;; nD `onuifba oamor`ba
ioacba bqubgfios
bqubgfios sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs `onuifba if`jmj`. Dbrutba gb`u `otfcb faf nonfdf`f
`jasoatrbsf 2; ¿c/nD Mi.
l) Dbrutba gb`u `oreb Mi0
pfpot `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2;; nD nbsfac-nbsfac sogbayb` ; nD0 ;,2 nD0 ;,7? nD0 ;,?
nD0 2 nD0 ? nD iba 2; nD dbrutba gb`u 2; ¿c/nD `onuifba tbngbl`ba ? nD dbrutba
LAJ= 2 A btbu LMd 8 A, iba oamor`ba ioacba bqubgfios sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs `onuifba
`jmj`. Dbrutba gb`u `oreb faf nonfdf`f `jasoatrbsf ; ¿c/nD0 ;,;2 ¿c/nD0 ;,;7? ¿c/nD0 ;,;?
¿c/nD0 ;,2 ¿c/nD0 ;,? ¿c/nD iba 2,; ¿c/nD Mi.
]AF =29;.757;2<
i) bpbgfdb bgu godun gogbs ibrf `brgja ybac iftbaibf ioacba wbrab `obgu-bguba, gbsbl`ba
ioacba gogorbpb totos bfr iba tbngbl`ba totos ionf totos LAJ = po`bt `frb-`frb ;,? nD
sbnpbf ioacba = nD0
o) `orfac`ba mbwba if btbs ponbabs
ponbabs dfstrf` iba nbsu`
nbsu``ba
`ba `ongbdf `o i
ibdbn
bdbn tbaur pbib
pbib sulu
(9?; ² ?) M `onuifba dbaeut`ba
dbaeut`ba ponbabsba sbnpbf bgu n noaebif
oaebif putfl. [oabngblba
[oabngblba
LAJ= po`bt ibpbt ifudbacf bpbgfdb bgu nbsfl gorwbrab `obgu-bguba0
h) dbrut`ba bgu gorwbrab putfl ibdbn ? nD LMd 8 A, sbngfd ifpbabs`ba
ifpbabs`ba if btbs
btbs ponbabs
dfstrf` btbu poabacbs bfr sbnpbf `orfac, `onuifba dbrut`ba ioacba LAJ = ;,2 A iba
nbsu``ba `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur u`ur ?; nD `onuifba topbt`ba
topbt`ba lfaccb tbaib cbrfs ioacba
bqubgfios (X), ef`b pordu, sbrfac dbrutba noaccuab`ba `ortbs sbrfac `o ibdbn gjtjd
pjdfprjpfdoa0
c) sfbp`ba dbrutba gdba`j
gdba`j ioacba poabngblba
poabngblba porob`
porob`sf
sf iba pordb`uba ybac sbnb soportf
soportf
mjatjl0
l) gbmb bgsjrgbas
bgsjrgbas dbrutba gb`u
gb`u `oreb iba dbrutba
dbrutba mjatjl to
torlbibp
rlbibp gdba`j
gdba`j noaccuab`ba
noaccuab`ba ]]B
pbib pbaebac codjngbac nb`sfnun so`ftbr 77<,< an0
f) gubt `urvb
`urvb `bdfgrbsf batbrb `j
`jasoatrbsf
asoatrbsf ddjcbn
jcbn (¿c/nD
(¿c/nD)) sogbcbf sungu \ iba bgsjrgbas
bgsjrgbas
sogbcbf sungu V0
e) pdjt lbsfd pongbmb
pongbmbba
ba dbrutba mjatjl torlbibp
torlbibp `urvb `bdfgr
`bdfgrbsf
bsf (M)0 iba
`) lftuac `baiuacba djcbn ibdbn mjatjl.
B.2;.2.? [orlftuacba
M
@baiuacba djcbn (nc/`c) X
S
@otorbacba5
M bibdbl `jasoatrbsf djcbn ibrf `urvb `bdfgrbsf, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nf`rjcrbn por nfdfdftor
nfdfdftor (¿c/nD)0
(¿c/nD)0
X bibdbl vjduno dbrutba b`lfr, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nfdfdftor (nD)0 iba
S bibdbl gjgjt mjatjl, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c).
B.2;.2.8 @otodftfba
B.2;.7.2 [rfasfp
B.2;.7.7 [orbdbtba
]AF =29;.757;2<
B.2;.7.= [orob`sf
biu` lfaccb
m) tfngbac dbrut0` 2,? c mjatjl ibrf dbrutba
sogbayb
sogbayb` dbrutba cudb `o ibdbn
ibdbn tbguac iostru`sf,
iostru`sf, tbngbl`ba
;,3? nD LAJ=, pbabs`ba tbguac iostru`sf ibdbn poabacbs bfr sombrb pordblba lfaccb
noambpbf sulu 6; sbnpbf 6? M, pbabs`ba so`ftbr 7; sbnpbf =; noaft lfaccb sodurul
ubp mj`dbt noroib iba wbrab `brbt noaclfdbac0
i) ifacfa`ba, tbngbl`ba ;,? nD L7J7 ?;% totos ionf totos, pbabs`ba pbib sulu 6; sbnpbf
6? M sodbnb ? noaft0
o) ifacfa`ba, tbngbl`ba `ongbdf ;,? nD L7J7 ?;% totos ionf totos, pbabs`ba pbib sulu
6; sbnpbf 2;; M sodbnb ? sbnpbf 2; noaft lfaccb eorafl0
h) ifacfa`ba, oamor`ba ioacba bfr sudf
sudfac
ac sbnpbf vjduno b`lfr
b`lfr 2; nD0
c) sfbp`ba dbrutba gdba`j
gdba`j ioacba poabngblba
poabngblba porob`sf iba iba pordb`uba ybac sbnb so soportf
portf
mjatjl0
l) aybdb`ba spo`trjnotor,
spo`trjnotor, gbmb mjatjl, dbrutba gdba`j ,iba dbrutba io iorot
rot stbaibr pbib
pbaebac codjngbac 7<=.= an.
B.2;.7.? [orlftuacba
M H[ 2;
@baiuacba djcbn (nc/`c)
S
@otorbacba5
M bibdbl lbsfd pongbmbba `jasoatrbsf djcbn if`urbacf `jasoatrbsf gdba`j, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn
nf`rjcrbn por nfdfdftor (¿c/nD)0
H[ bibdbl hb`tjr poacoamorba
2; bibdbl vjduno dbrutba b`lfr, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn 2; nfdfdftor (nD)0 iba
S bibdbl gjgjt mjatjl, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c).
]AF =29;.757;2<
B.2;.7.8 @otodftfba
Womjvory ybac ifibpbt ibrf spf`o lbrus noambpbf 2;; ² 7;%, iba `otopbtba uatu` sodurul
prjsos poacudbacba nb`sfnun 4?% W]I.
_atu` cudb ioacba jrior ?;ac [g/c, porgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf poacudbacba (afdbf rfpftbgfdfty)
tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 77 ac/c. _atu` cudb ybac sbnb, porgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf roprjiu`sf
(roprjiusfgfdfty)
(roprjiusfgfdfty) tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf =< ac/c.
_atu` cudb noacbaiuac batbrb 7;; ” ?;; ac [g/c, porgoibba lbsfd iub `bdf poacudbacba
(afdbf rfpftbgfdfty) tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf ?3 ac/c. _atu` cudb ybac sbnb, porgoibba lbsfd iub
`bdf roprjiu`sf (roprjiusfgfdfty) tfib` gjdol dogfl ibrf 2?8 ac/c.
Mjatjl ifio`stru`sf ioacba LAJ= iba LMd `onuifba tbngbl`ba @Md uatu` noacurbacf
cbaccuba. ]a ifgbmb noaccuab`ba ]]B pbib pbaebac codjngbac nb`sfnun 7=?,? an
ioacba aybdb j`sfibsf A7J-M7L7.
B.2;.=.7 [orbdbtba
b) ]]B gosortb
gosortb `odoac`bpbaayb
`odoac`bpbaayb (dbnpu
(dbnpu `btji
`btjib
b ]a) 0
g) Ybaur0
m) Aorbmb babdftf` ioacba `otodftfba ;,2 nc0
i) [onbabs dfstrf`0
o) [oabacbs bfr0
h) Dbgu u`ur 2.;;; nD, 2;; nD iba ?; nD0
c) [fpot u`ur gors`bdb ;,2 nD0
l) Dbgu Ordoanoyor 7?; nD0
nD0
f) Codbs u`ur ?; nD0 iba
e) Codbs pfbdb 7?; nnD.
D.
B.2;.=.= [orob`sf
g) Bsbn
m) Bsbn `djrfib,
aftrbt, LAJ = po`bt0
LMd po`bt0
i) Dbrutba gb`u 2.;;; nc/nD ]a0
dbrut`ba 2,;;; c ]a ioacba 7;; nD LMd po`bt ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2.;;; nD, tbngbl`ba 7;;
nD bqubgfios, ifacfa`ba pbib sulu rubac iba oamor`ba ioacba bqubgfios sbnpbf ttbaib baib
cbrfs.
o) Dbrutba gb`u 2;; ¿c/nD ]a0 ]a0
pfpot 2; nD dbrutba gb`u Bs 2.;;; ¿c/nD `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2;; nD iba oamor`ba ioacba
bfr sudfac sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs.
cbrfs. Dbrutba gb`u `oiub faf nonfdf`f `jasoatrbsf 2;; ¿c/nD ]a.
h) Dbrutba gb`u `oreb ]a.
pfpot 2; nD LMd po`bt iba 2,; nD dbrutba @Md `o ibdbn nbsfac-nbsfac dbgu u`ur 2;;
nD. Ybngbl`ba nbsfac-nbsfac ; nD0 ;,? nD0 2,; nD0 7,; nD, ?,; nD 2;,; nD iba 2?,;
]AF =29;.757;2<
nD dbrutba gb`u 2;; nc/nD ]a iba oamor`ba ioacba bqubgfios sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs.
Dbrutba gb`u `oreb
`oreb faf nonfdf`f `jasoatrbsf
`jasoatrbsf ; ¿c/nD0 ;,? ¿c/nD0 2 ¿c/nD0 7 ¿c/nD0
? ¿c/nD0 2; ¿c/nD iba 2? ¿c/nD ]a.
B.2;.=.? [orlftuacba
M
@baiuacba tfnbl (]a) (nc/`c) X
S
@otorbacba5
M bibdbl `jasoatrbsf tf tfnbl
nbl (]a) ibrf `urvb `bdfgrbsf, i ifaybtb`ba
faybtb`ba ibdbn
ibdbn nf`rjcrbn
nf`rjcrbn por nfdfdftor
nfdfdftor
(¿c/nD)0
X bibdbl vjduno dbrutba b`lfr, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nfdfdftor (nD)0
S bibdbl gjgjt mjatjl, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c).
B.2;.=.8 @otodftfba
@fsbrba W]I ibrf iub `bdf udbacba nb`sfnun 28%. Ef`b W]I dogfl gosbr ibrf 28%, nb`b uef
lbrus ifudbac `ongbdf.
B.2;.9.2 [rfasfp
Wob`sf batbrb soaybwb nor`urf ioacba AbGL9 btbu ]aMd7 ibdbn `obibba bsbn b`ba
nongoatu` cbs btjnf` Lc. Eundbl Lc ybac torgoatu` sogbaifac ioacba bgsjrgbas Lc ybac
ifgbmb noaccuab`ba ]]B tbapb aybdb pbib pbaebac codjngbac nb`sfnun 7?=,3 an.
B.2;.9.7 [orbdbtba
]AF =29;.757;2<
g) Nfmrjwbvo ifcostor0
m) Aorbmb babdftf` ioacba `otodftfba ;,2 nc0
i) [onbabs dfstrf`0
o) [oaifacfa torgubt ibrf
ibrf gjrjsfdf`bt,
gjrjsfdf`bt, ifbnotor 2
27
7 nn sbnpbf 2< nn, tfaccf 9;; nn iffsf
ioacba mfamfa Wbsmlfc sotfaccf 2;; nn, iba ifdbpfsf ioacba gbtu ififl gorifbnotor
gorifbnotor 9
nn if btbs mfamfa sotfaccf 7; nn0
h) Ybguac iostru`sf0
c) Dbgu iostru`sf 7?; nD goribsbr gudbt0
l) Dbgu u`ur 2.;;; nD, ? ?;;
;; nD, iba 2;; nD0
f) Codbs u`ur 7? nD0
e) [fpot u`ur gors`bd
gors`bdb
b ;,;? nD btbu nf`rj gurot0
gurot0 iba
`) Codbs pfbdb ?;; nD.
B.2;.9.= [orob`sf
d) `jasoatrbsf
Dbrutba gb`u;,2 ¿c/nD.
`oreb Lc0 iba
pfpot nbsfac-nbsfac ;,2nD0 ;,7? nD0 ;,? nD0 2,; nD0 7,; nD iba ?,; nD dbrutba gb`u ;,2
¿c/nD `o ibdbn dbgu u`ur 2;; nD torpfsbl iba oamor`ba ioacba dbrutba poacoamor
sbnpbf tbaib cbrfs. Dbrutba gb`u `oreb faf nonfdf`f `jasoatrbsf ;,;;;2 ¿c/nD0 ;,;;;7?
¿c/nD0 ;,;;;? ¿c/nD0 ;,;;2 ¿c/nD0;,;;7 ¿c/nD iba ;,;;? ¿c/nD Lc
n) Gbtu ififl.
]AF =29;.757;2<
o) mjatjl0
tbngbl`ba dbrutba
dbrutba poroiu`sf
poroiu`sf `o ibdbn dbrutba gb`u `oreb,
`oreb, dbrutba mjatjl,
mjatjl, iba dbrutba
gdba`j pbib bdbt LXC0
h) gbmb bgsjrgbas dbrutba gb`u `oreb, dbrutba
dbrutba mjatjl, iba dbrutba gdba`j noaccuab`ba
noaccuab`ba ]]B
tbapb aybdb pbib pbaebac codjngbac 7?=,3 an0
c) gubt `urvb `bdfgrbsf batbrb
batbrb `jasoatrbsf djcbn (¿c/nD
(¿c/nD)) sogbcbf sungu \ ibaiba bgsjrgbas
bgsjrgbas
sogbcbf sungu V0
l) pdjt lbsfd po
pongbmbba
ngbmbba dbrutba mjatjl torlbibp `urvb `bdfgrbsf (M)0
f) db`u`ba poacorebba iupdj0 iba
e) lftuac `baiuac
`baiuacba ba Lc ibdbn mjatjl.
mjatjl.
]AF =29;.757;2<
B.2;.9.? [orlftuacba
M
@baiuacba nor`urf (Lc), (nc/`c) X hp
S
@otorbacba5
M bibdbl `jasoatrbsf djcbn ibrf `u `urvb
rvb `bdfgrbsf,
`bdfgrbsf, ifaybtb`ba
ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nf`rjcrbn por nfdfdftor
nfdfdftor (¿c/nD)0
(¿c/nD)0
X bibdbl vjduno dbrutba b`lfr, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nfdfdftor (nD)0
S bibdbl gjgjt mjatjl, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c)0
hp bibdbl hb`tjr poacoamorba.
B.22.2 [rfasfp
B.22.= [orob`sf
]AF =29;.757;2<
B.22.? [orlftuacba
M
@baiuacba brsoa (Bs), (nc/`c) S X
@otorbacba5
M bibdbl `jasoatr
`jasoatrbsf
bsf djcbn ybac ifporjdol ibrf pongbmbba bdbt, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nfdfcrbn por dftor
(nc/D)0
X bibdbl vjduno dbrutba b`lfr, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn nfdfdftor (nD)0
w bibdbl gjgjt mjatjl, ifaybtb`ba ibdbn crbn (c)0
]AF =29;.757;2<
Gfgdfjcrbhf
P2^ BJBM Jhhfmfbd Notlji 67;.23?, ]ucbr bai ]yrups, [ropbrbtfja jh Yost ]bnpdo.
]bnpdo. Hfabd
bmtfja.
P9^ BJBM Jhhfmfbd Notlji 6<?.28, Yfa fa Mbaaoi Hjjis, Btjnfm Bgsjrptfja
]pomtrjpljtjnotrfm
]pomtrjpljtjnotrfm Notlji.
Notlji.
P?^ BJBM Jhhfmfbd Notlji 666.22, Dobi, Mbinfun, Mjppor, Frja, bai Ufam fa hjjis5
Bgsjrptfja ]pomtrjpljtjnotry
]pomtrjpljtjnotry bhtor Iry Bslfac
Bslfac..
P8^ FM_N]B Notlji C]7/2/=/6-2?. 7;;3. Ylo Iotornfabtfja jh ]ucbr Njfsturo gy Djss ja
Iryfac ” Jhhfmfbd.
P3^ FM_N]B No
Notlji
tlji C]7/2/3-==. 7;;6. Ylo Iotornfabtfja jh ]udplfto gy Wjsbafdfao
Mjdjnotrfm.
P<^ Notlji fa Slfto ]ucbr ” Jhhfmfbd0 fa XXL[* Wbw ]ucbr ” Yoatbtfvo0 bai fa Mbao ]ucbr
Eufmos bai ]yrups ” Bmmoptoi.
P6^ FM_N]B Notlji C]7/=-2. 2669. Ylo Grbuasmlwofc Notlji hjr tlo [jdbrfsbtfja jh Slfto
]ucbr gy [jdbrfnotry ” Jhhfmfbd.
P2;^ FM_N]B Notlji C]7/=/6-?. 7;;3. Ylo Iotornfabtfja jh Woiumfac ]ucbr fa [urfhfoi
]ucbr gy tlo @afclt bai Bddoa OIYB Notlji ”Jhhfmfbd.
P27^ FM_N]B Notlji C]7/=-23. 7;;7. Ylo Iotornfabtfja jh Mjaiumtfvfty Bsl fa Wohfaoi
]ucbr [rjiumts ” Jhhfmfbd.
P2=^ FM_N]B Notlji C]7/=/6-26. 7;;3. Ylo Iotornfabtfja jh Fasjdugdo Nbttor fa Slfto
]ucbr gy Nongrbao Hfdtrbtfja ” Jhhfmfbd.
P29^ FM_N]B
Bgsjrptfja Notlji
]pomtrj C]7/=-7=.
]pomtrjsmjpy
smjpy 7;;?. Ylo Iotornfabtfja jh Brsoafm fa Slfto ]ucbr gy Btjnfm
” Yoatbtfvo.
P23^ _aibac-_aibac
_aibac-_aibac Ajnjr < Yblua 2666 toatbac [ordfaiuacba @jasunoa.
P2<^ _aibac-_aibac
_aibac-_aibac Ajnjr =8 Yblua 7;;6 toatbac @osolbtba.
]AF =29;.757;2<
P26^ _aibac-_aibac
_aibac-_aibac Ajnjr 2< Yblua 7;27 toatbac [bacba.
P7;^ _aibac-_aibac
_aibac-_aibac Ajnjr = Yblua 7;29 toatbac [orfaiustrfba.
P72^ _aibac-_aibac
_aibac-_aibac Ajnjr 7; Yblua 7;29 toatbac ]tbaibrifsbsf iba [oafdbfba @ososubfba.
P76^ [orbturba @opbdb Gbiba [oacbwbs Jgbt iba Nb`baba Ajnjr L@. ;;.;8.2.?7.9;22
Yblua 7;;6 toatbac [oaotbpba Gbtbs Nb`sfnun Monbrba Nf`rjgb iba @fnfb ibdbn
Nb`baba.
P=2^ [orbturba @opbdb Gbiba [oacbwbs Jgbt iba Nb`baba Ajnjr 28 Yblua 7;28 toatbac
@rftorfb Nf`rjgfjdjcf Ibdbn [bacba Jdblba.
P=7^ [orbturba @opbdb Gbiba [oacbwbs Jgbt iba Nb`baba Ajnjr 72 Yblua 7;28 toatbac
@btocjrf [bacba.
P==^ [orbturba @opbdb Gbiba [oacbwbs Jgbt iba Nb`baba Ajnjr ? Yblua 7;2< toatbac
Gbtbs Monbrba Djcbn Gorbt ibdbn [bacba Jdblba.