1.

Morphemes: M - Multipliers isa dalawa tatlo apat lima anim pito walo siyam /sa/ /dalawa/ /tatl/ /apat/ /lma/ /anm/ /pt/ /wal/ /am/
one

two three four five six seven eight' nine

Mc - Multiplicands -pu daan libo milyon bilyon Ad - Addends -labi Ln Linkers ng na Pl Plus /na/ /na/ /lab/ plus 10 /p/ /daan/ /lb/ /mljn/ /bljn/ times 10 times 100 times 1000 times 1,000,000 times 1,000,000,000

at

/at/

OrdM Ordinal Markers pang ika /pa/ /ka/

FM Fraction Marker ika /ka/

DM Distributive Marker tig /tg/

FrM- Frequentative Marker maka /maka/

CARDINAL NUMBERS (BILANG PAULAT) Legend: 1. W -> word 2. M -> multipliers 3. Mc -> multiplicands 4. Ln -> linkers 5. Ad -> addends 6. Pl -> plus Rules: CrN (Numbers one to nine) 1. W -> M 2. M -> isa, dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo, siyam (Eleven to Nineteen Numerals) EN 1. W -> Ad M 2. Ad -> labi 3. M -> isa, dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo, siyam 4. Tob (Progressive Assimilation) C1 C2 C3 N -> C1 C2 C3 n m ng

C1 Alveolar Consonants (t, d, l, s) C2 Bilabial Consonants (p) C3 Any Consonant

5. Tob o -> u ___# __C (Multiples of 10) MT

+ The Mc Ln Mc should be greater than the Mc in the preceding MTsim. *milyong bilyon

(MTSimple) MTsim: M Ln Mc (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200) (MTComplex) MTcom 1. W -> (MTsim Ln M Pl (EN Ln M P))MTsim (Ln Mc) 2. MTsim -> M Ln Mc 3. EN -> Ad Ln M 4. M -> isa, dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo, siyam 5. Ln -> na (C__na), N 6. Pl -> at 7. Ad-> labi 8. Mc -> -pu, -daan, -libo, -milyon, -bilyon 9. Tob (Progressive Assimilation) C1 C2 C3 N -> C2 C1 C3 m ng n

C1 Alveolar Consonants (t, d, l, s) C2 Bilabial Consonants (p) C3 Any Consonant

10. Tob (rhoticism) #__C na daan #__C na raan

11. Tob o -> u ___# __C 12. Topt (deletion) isandaan -> sandaan isanlibo -> isanlibo 13. Tob isampu -> sampu 14. Tob Mc Pl CrN Mc at CrN -> Mc t Crn (Complex Numbers) CN 1. W-> MTcom Pl M EN 2. MTcom -> (MTsim Ln M Pl (EN Ln M P))MTsim (Ln Mc) 3. MTsim -> M Ln Mc 4. EN -> Ad Ln M 5. M -> isa, dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo, siyam 6. Ln -> na (C__na), N 7. Pl -> at 8. Ad-> labi 9. Mc -> -pu, -daan, -libo, -milyon, -bilyon 10. Tob (Progressive Assimilation)

C1 C2 C3 N ->

C1 C2 C3

n m ng

C1 Alveolar Consonants (t, d, l, s) C2 Bilabial Consonants (p) C3 Any Consonant 11. Tob (rhoticism) #__C na daan #__C na raan

12. Tob o -> u __# u__C 13. Tob Mc Pl CrN Mc at CrN -> Mc t Crn

ORDINAL NUMBERS Rules: OrdN

*ikaisa We use una, a spanish loan word, in this cases. *pangisa We use panguna.

1. W -> OrdM + CrN Una 2. OrdM -> PaN, ika 3. CrN ->dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo siyam, sampu, labing isa... (except: isa) 4. Tob PaN C1 C2 -> Pam -> Pan C1 C2

C1= Bilabial Consonants C2 = Alveolar Consonants

5. Tob (deletion) Ika dalawa -> ika lawa tatlo 6. Tob (deletion) PaN dalawa -> paN alawa tatlo atlo tlo

FRACTION Rules: FN
*ikaisa 1/1 such fraction do exist but we dont need to use fractional expression. It is equivalent to isa. *ikadalawa We use kalahati instead. Note: sampu- can also be called pulo or pu.

(Simple Fraction: 1 as the numerator) SFN 1. W -> FM M kalahati 2. FM -> ika 3. M -> tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo, siyam , special case: sampu, (except: isa & dalawa) 4. Ln -> N, na (C__na) 5. Top (deletion) ika M (Ln bahagi) -> ka M (Ln bahagi) 6. Tob (deletion) (Ln bahagi)

ka (C1)V1 X-> ka (Complex Fraction: 1<@ as the numerator) CFN 1. W -> M Ln SFN 2. CrN -> dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo, siyam, sampu, labing-isa (except isa) 3. Ln -> N, na (C__na) 4. Tob (Regressive Assimilation)
X Vz N bahagi -> X Vz m bahagi 5. Tob (Regressive Assimilation)

C1 C2 C3

N ->

C1 C3

C2

C1 Alveolar Consonants (t, d, l, s) C2 Bilabial Consonants (p) C3 Any Consonant

ng

DISTRIBUTIVE NUMBERS Rules: DN 1. W -> DM M 2. DM -> tig 3. CrN -> dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim, pito, walo, siyam, sampu, labing-isa (except isa) 4. Tob (Partial Reduplication) [exception: First four cardinal numbers] DM M tig (C1)V1 X ->tig (C1)V1 (C1)V1 X 5. Tob (partial reduplication, deletion, insertion, vowel harmony) [Only applies to the first cardinal numbers.] tig (C1) X -> tig V1-tigV1 X tigV1 X (C1) X

RESTRICTIVE NUMERALS Rules: RN 1. W-> CrN 2. Crn -> isa, dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim 3. Tob (Partial Reduplication) (C1)V1 X -> (C1)V1(C1)V1 X

GROUPING NUMERALS Rules: GN 1. W-> CrN 2. Crn -> isa, dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim 3. Tob (Partial Reduplication) (C1)V1(C2)V3 X -> (C1)V1(C2)V3 (C1)V1(C2)V3 X

INDEFINITE NUMERALS

Rules: IN
+ In this numerical expression, we also use laksa (times 10,000), yuta(times 100,000) and angaw(times 1,000,000) not-widely-used multiplicands.

1. W-> Mc 2. Mc -> -pu, daan, libo, laksa, yuta, angaw, milyon, bilyon
3. Tob (complete reduplication) Mc -> Mc-Mc

FREQUENTATIVE NUMERALS Rules: FrN *makaisa We use minsan.

1. W -> FrM CrN 2. FrM -> maka3. CrN -> isa, dalawa, tatlo, apat, lima, anim
4. Tob (deletion, insertion) FrM dalawa -> FrM lawa tatlo itlo