CHAPTER 23 _ READING DATA 30 8 26 4 Hours of Sleep | | | | 2b 20) 18 16 - + u}-— - ~ ‘Weight of Truck (tons) 102084050070 Age (years) Ina certain study, researchers created the seatterplot above to summarize the ages of the participants and the number of hours of sleep they required each night. Which of the following is the closest to the age, in years, of the participant who required the least amount of sleep each night? A) 35 By 40 ©) 55 D) 60 210 n}-— ~ Hours since 9:00 AM, Starting at 9:00 A.M. each day, Musa picks up packages at various locations until is trailer truck reaches its maximum capacity. He then delivers all the packages that he picked up that day. The graph above shows the weight of his truck at different during the day. What is See ee RT AEREECT, tons? (Ay 14 B) 16 ou D) 30‘THE COLLEGE PANDA Annual Salt Production in the US. Video Game Console Sales in 2015 8 g 3 gs Units Sold (thousands) g 8 Production (thousand metric tons) 8 Ae CeO ae Console Based on the graph above, for which of the The graph above shows the number ld following two consecutive years was the percent Bae er of units sol in 2015 for five different video game consoles. increase in US. annual salt production the same The prices of consoles A, B,C,b, and E are $100, as the percent decrease from 2010 to 20117 $150, $200, $250, and $300, respectively. Which A) 2009 to 2010 of the five consoles generated the'most total B) 2012 to 2013, “revenue? ©) 2013 to 2014 ADA D) 2014 to 2015 we 9D 5 g 8 g Average mass of brain (grams) 0 Cow Wolf Goat Cat Pig Animal According to the graph above, the average mass of a wolf's brain is what fraction of the average ‘mass of a pig's brain? 120/80 = 3 2uCHAPTER 23_ READING DATA 20 }|-e- Company X Company ¥ | 1s of dollars) Profit (mil Quarter ‘The graph above shows the profit of Company X and Company Y in each quarter of last year. In ‘was Company X’s profit twice Company Y's? Ay B)2 Oa) D4 | 22 State Health Care Spending in 2013 Hospital Care samPrescription Drug Ze 3 5 Zoo 3 2 3 & AL AK AZAR state ‘The graph above shows the health care spending, of four different states, Alabama (AL), AK (Alaska), AZ (Arizona), and AR (Arkansas) in 2013. Based on the graph, which state had the highest combined hospital care and prescription drug spending in 2013? A) Alabama B) Alaska ©) Arizona D) ArkansasTHE COLLEGE PANDA Calls Answered per Hour Time (hours) Jeremy works ata call center. The graph above shows the average number of calls he answered per hour during his 7-hour work shift. What is the total number of calls he answered during his shift? 44 Greg eats breakfast at 8:00 A.M. and lunch at 12:00 PM. During each meal, doctors record his glucose levels in the graph above until they are able to calculate Greg's glucose recovery time, the time it takes for the body’s glucose levels to return to their recorded value at the start of the ‘meal. According to the graph, by how many hours is Greg's glucose recovery time after dinner greater than his glucose recovery time after lunch? Ay 1S) B) 2 3 Dd) 55 Tine (Hous aer800 A) 213CHAPTER 23_ READING DATA Car xX 55 50 5 40 35 30 2 20 15 10 5 = f A 8 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Speed (miles per hour) ‘The graph above shows the gas mileage for Car X at different speeds. Based on the graph, how ‘many gallons of gas are needed to drive Car X for 5 hours at a constant speed of 30 miles per hour? 150.1/25= 6 24THE COLLEGE PANDA The tables below give the distribution of travel times between two towns for Bus A and Bus B cover the same 40 days. Bus A ‘Travel time (minutes) | Frequency a 5 6 0 ee ee 8 0 Bus B ‘Travel time (minutes) | Frequency —_ 3s | 5 | 30 10 [3s | s | 40 10 Which of the following statements is true about the data shown for these 40 days? ‘A) The standard deviation of travel times for Bus Ais smaller. B) The standard deviation of travel times for Bus Bis smaller. ©) The standard deviation of travel times is the same for Bus A and Bus B. D) The standard deviation of travel times for Bus A and Bus B cannot be compared with the data provided. 29 SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 Number of kayaks ‘Weight (in pounds) ‘The bar chart above shows the distribution of weights (to the nearest pound) for 19 kayaks made by Company A and 19 kayaks made by ‘Company B, Which of the following correctly ‘compares the median weight of the kayaks made by each company? A) The median weight of the kayaks made by Company A is smaller. B) The median weight of the kayaks made by ‘Company Bis smaller. ©) The median weight of the kayaks is the same for both companies, D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given. Ri aes ees SS ‘Temperature (°F) | Frequency oo 3 o 4 3 4 o 10 70 7 ‘The table above gives the distribution of low temperatures for a city over 28 days. What is the ‘median low temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit CP), of the city for these 28 days? 67 229CHAPTER 25. STATISTICS T A shoe store surveyed a random sample of 50 customers to better estimate which shoe sizes should kept in stock. The store found that the ‘median shoe size of the customers in the sample is 10 inches. Which of the following statements must be true? A) The sum of all the shoe sizes in the sample 500 inches. B) The average of the smallest shoe size and the largest shoe size in the sample is 10 inches. ©) The difference between the smallest shoo size and the largest shoe size in the sample is 10 inches. ER a ‘A food company hires an independent research agency to determine its product's shelf life, the length of time it may be stored before it expires. Using a random sample of 40 units of the product, the research agency finds that the product's shelf life has a range of 3 days. Which of the following must be true about the units in| the sample? A) All the units expired within 3 days. 'B) The unit with the longest shelf life took 3 days longer to expire than the unit with the shortest shelf life. ©) The mean shelf life of the units than the median, 1D) ‘The median shelf life of the units is 3 more than the mean more 230 SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 5 6 7 8 9 10 Integers ‘The graph above shows the frequency distribution of alist of randomly generated integers between 5 and 10. Which of the following correctly gives the mean and the range of the list of integers? A) Mean = 7.6, Range = 4 “BY Mean =76,Range=5) Mean = 76/10 = 7.6 ©) Mean =82,Range-4 Range=10-5=5 D) Mean = 8.2, Range =5 ER ay | Quiz [7 ‘Score | 87 a] Ras |eoa) en |a7, 90 | 83 | 98 | 87 | 91 2 5 The table above shows the scores for Jay's first seven math quizzes. Which of the following are true about his scores? 1, The mode is greater than the median. IL, The median is greater than the mean. I, The range is greater than 20, A) only B) Monty — ©) Mand Il D) [Hand IL 230Number of classes 10203 Number of films shown, ‘The bar chart above shows the number of films shown in class over the past year for 19 classes in School A and 15 classes in School B. Which of {he following correctly compares the mean and ‘median number of films shown in each class for the two schools? ‘A) The mean and median number of films shown in each class are both greater in School A. B) The mean and median numberof films shown in each class are both greater in School B. (©) The mean number of films shown in each class is greater in School A, but the median is the same in both schools. D) The mean and median number of films shown in each class are the same in both schools. SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 THE COLLEGE PANDA, Calories in Meals 500 | 500 | 520 560 | 550 550 | 550 | 600 | 600 | 900 ‘The table above lists the number of calories in each of Mary’s last 10 meals. If a 900-calorie ‘meal that she had today is added to the values listed, which of the following statistical measures of the data will not change? 1. Median Il, Mode I, Range A) Land Il only B) Land If only © Mand It only D) LL, and iit eS Se ee ee D1 2 2 24 2 2% 7 WW 30 Gas mileage (miles per gallon) The dotplot above gives the gas mileage (in miles per gallon) of 15 different cars. If the dot | representing the car with the greatest gas, mileage is removed from the dotplot, what will happen to the mean, median, and standard deviation of the new data set? A) Only the mean will decrease. B) Only the mean and standard deviation will decrease. ) Only the mean and median will decrease. D) The mean, median, and standard deviation. will decrease. 231 231CHAPTER 26 STATISTICS I (CHAPTER EXERCISE: Answers for this chapter start on page 312. A calculator is allowed on the following questions, 6 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Age (years) The scatterplot above shows the relationship between age, in years, and shoe size for 24 males between 10 and 20 years old. The line of best fit isalso shown. Based on the data, how many 19 year old males had a shoe size greater than the ‘one predicted by the line of best fit? At Ba o3 Db) 4 | SS Sane Se 240 ‘Traffic Light Violations in Various Towns 100 20 : 30 40 50 6 7 8 9 100 ‘Number of traffic lights Average weekly number of traffic light violations ‘The scatterplot above shows the number of traffic lights in 15 towns and the average weekly number of traffic light violations that occur in ‘each town. The line of best fit is also shown. Based on the line of best fit, which of the following is the predicted average weekly number of traffic light violations ina town with 75 traffic lights? A) 40 B) 50 Cod Dd) SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 240A university wants to determine the dietary preferences of the stuclents in its freshman class. Which of the following survey methods is most likely to provicle the most valid results? A) Selecting a random sample of 600 students from the university B) Selecting a random sample of 300 students from the university's freshman class ©) Selecting a random sample of 600 students Somashunvariyis foshmencians D) Selecting a ranclom sample of 600 stuclents from one of the university's freshman dining halls ‘Two candidates are running for governor of a state. A recent poll reports that out of a random sample of 250 voters, 110 support Candidate A and 140 support Candidate B. An estimated 500,000 state residents are expected to vote on lection day. According to the poll, Candidate B is expected to receive how many more votes than Candidate A? A) 60,000 B) 130,000 ©) 220,000 1D) 280,000 SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 2 __THE COLLEGE PANDA Consumer Behavior during Store Sales HAE Ea ouSaSRsRrsagas ‘Average shopping time (minutes) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Store Discount (%) Shopping time refers to the time a customer spends in one store. The scatterplot above shows the average shopping time, in minutes, of customers at 26 different stores offering various discounts. The line of best fit is also shown. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the meaning of the y-intercept of the line of best ft? A) The predicted average shopping time, in _ minutes, of customers at a store offering no cay B) The predicted average shopping time, in minutes, of customers at a store offering a 50% discount ‘The predicted increase in the average shopping time, in minutes, for each one percent increase in the store discount ‘The predicted average number of customers ata store offering no discount ° D) 241CHAPTER 26 STATISTICS I Di Ss Advertising for 16 Companies EES Movie Length versus Box Office Sales oe Revenue (in thousands of dollars) © 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Advertising Expenses (in thousands of dollars) ‘The scatterplot above shows the relationship between revenue and advertising expenses for 16 companies. The line of best fit is also shown. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the meaning of the slope of the line of best fit? A) The expected increase in revenue for every uadlalleninciassinadlyarticinscenenaes B) ‘The expected increase in revenue for every one thousand dollar increase in advertising, expenses ©) The expected increase in advertising ‘expenses for every one thousand dollar increase in revenue D) The expected revenue of a company that has no advertising expenses 242 Box Office Sales (in millions of dollars) 6070 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Movie Length (minutes) ‘The scatterplot above plots the lengths of 15 movies against their box office sales. The line of best fit is also shown. Which of the following is, the best interpretation of the meaning of the slope of the line of best fit? A) The expected decrease in box office sales per minute increase in movie length 'B) The expected increase in box office sales per _minute increase in movie length C) The expected decrease in box office sales per 10-minute increase in movie length 1D) The expected increase in box office sales per 10-minute increase in movie length SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 242THE COLLEGE PANDA Mistakes Made in Incentive-based Task Fat and Calories of Ice Cream eee 5 Number of mistakes made 440 . Total calories 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Prize (in dollars) Ina psychological study, researchers asked participants to each complete a difficult task for a cash prize, the amount of which varied from participant to participant. The results of the study, as well as the line of best fit, are shown in the scatterplot above. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the meaning of the intercept of the line of best fit? A) The expected decrease in the number of mistakes made per dollar increase in the cash prize B) ‘The expected increase in the number of mistakes made per dollar increase in the cash prize ©) The expected dollar amount of the cash prize required for a person to complete the task with 0 mistakes | B 39 35 Total fat (grams) 15 (20 ‘The scatterplot above shows the fat content and calorie counts of 8 different cups of ice cream. Based on the line of best fit to the data shown, what is the expected increase in the number of calories for each additional gram of fat in a cup of ice cream? ays BS ©» D) 40 203, SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 243CHAPTER 26_ STATISTICS I SSS | Nitrogen Fertilizer and Oats : 80 z z £ g 70 a Bo 5 7 2 3 s 2” 3 2 30 a g E $20 i Z 10 z Fo 5 0 100-200, 300, 400 500 & Amount of nitrogen applied (pounds per acre) Number of restatirants “The satterplotabove shows the distribution of ‘The scatterplot above shows the amount of Pl nitrogen fertilizer applied to 8 oat fields and seats for the restaurants in 7 different mall food their yields. The line of best fit is also shown. courts. The line of best fit is also shown. According to the data, what is the total number Which of the following is closest to the amount | ‘of seats atthe food court represented by the data of nitrogen applied, in pounds per acre, to the ‘at field whose yield is best predicted by the line | Point thatis farthest from the line of best fit? ‘of best fit? | A) 200 A) 200 B) 240 8) 350 © 0 ©) 400 iD) 560 1b) 450 Researchers must conduct an experiment to see whether a new vaccine is effective in relieving certain allergies. They have selected a random sample of 100 allergy patients. Some of the patients are assigned to the new vaccine while the rest are assigned to the traditional treatment. Which of the following methods of assigning ‘each patient's treatment is most likely to lead to a reliable conclusion about the effectiveness of the new vaccine? A) Females are assigned to the new vaccine. B) Those who have more than one allergy are assigned to the new vaccine. C) The patients divide themselves evenly into two groups. A coin is tossed to decide which group receives the new vaccine. RTT. 244 SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 244‘THE COLLEGE PANDA BBEESSSaaqa Avbasketball manufacturer selects a random The length of a blue-spotted salamander’s tail sample of its basketballs each week to ensure a can be used to estimate its age. A biologist consistent air pressure within them is selects 80 blue-spotted salamanders at random ‘maintained. In Week 1, the sample had a mean and finds that the average length of their tails air pressure of 82 psi (pounds per square inch) has a 95% confidence interval of 5 to 6 inches. and a margin of error of 0.1 psi. In Week 2, the Which of the following conclusions is the most sample had a mean air pressure of 77 psi and a appropriate based on the confidence interval? ‘margin of error of 0.3 psi. Based on these results, |A) 95% of all blue-spotted salamanders have a which of the following is a reasonable | conclusion? {ail that is between 5 and 6 inches in length. B) 95% of all salamanders have a tail that is A) Most of the basketballs produced in Week 1 between 5 and 6 inches in length. had an air presgure under 82psi-wheress, Cy The rue average length of the tails of all aes a ae ee blue-spotted salamanders is likely between an air pressure under 77 psi ee B) The mean air pressure of all the basketballs D) The trie average length ofthe tals of all produced in Week 1 was 0.5 psi more than = . the mean air pressure of all the basketballs eee produced in Week 2 | oie ©) Thenumber of basketballs in the Week 1 sample was more than the number of ie as basketballs in the Week 2 sample. D) Itis very likely that the mean air pressure ‘An economist conducted research to determine of all the basketballs produced in Week 1 whether there is a relationship between the price ‘was less than the mean air pressure of all of food and population density. He collected the basketballs produced in Week 2. data from a random sample of 100 USS. cities and found significant evidence that the price of food is lower in places with a high population LEANNA | ensity Which ofthe following conclusions s eee ey eee ese eee oe eee ee asahey: The tudor has na et iclded witch densi a eae ee poupafpericoiibenetecs tuicouney” | ®) US sity Wan ica nepali soa ee ae ee following groups would most likely give the smallest margin of error? ©) InUS. cities, a decrease in the price of food. is caused by an increase in the population |A) Residents of the same city density B) Customers of a certain restaurant D) InUS cities, an increase in the population ©) Viewers of the same television show density is caused by a decrease in the price D) Students who are following the same daily of food. diet plan 245 SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 24523 Reading Data The SAT loves to test your ability to read graphs and charts. Fortunately, these are typically the easiest questions because they never involve too much math. Most of them just test you on simple arithmetic with the extra step of having to interpret a graph. Practice away! 206THE COLLEGE PANDA (CHAPTER EXERCISE: Answers for this chapter start on page 307. A calculator is allowed on the following questions. 2 2 8 ‘Commute Time from Work 0s SO ‘Commute Time to Work For four work days, Alex plotted the commute time to work and the commute time from work in the grid above. For which of the four days was the total commute time to and from work the greatest? AA B)B oe Db) D Voter Tumout in Congressional and Presidential Elections 80 75 |_| -= Congressional Election 7 -* Presidential Election 65 Percent of total voters oF + t “EELEEAEEE: Year The graph above shows the voter turnout for each year a congressional election or a presidential election was held. In which two year period was the difference in voter tumout between the congressional election and the presidential election the smallest? A) 1996 to 1998 B) 2000 to 2002 ©) 2004 t0 2006 D) 2008 to 2010CHAPTER 23_ READING DATA Ice Cream Sales Average Precipitation in Kathmandu 175 1.70 1.65 1.60 1.55, 1.50 145 1.40 1.35 Sales (millions of dollars) LIS Sree —e LPS LLL SS SA rw se ee FS Sori wy According, to the line graph above, ice cream sales were highest both in 2013 and in 2014 during which three month period? A) January to March B) April to June D) October to December of SREB ERS Total Precipitation (mm) The line graph above shows the monthly precipitation in Kathmandu last year. According to the graph, the total precipitation in September ‘was what percentage of the total precipitation in June? A) 40% B) 50% “Cy 60%" D) 75%Population in 2010, ‘THE COLLEGE PANDA Birth Rate ‘Actual Estimated San Diego Chicago Los Angeles 1 2. 3 4 Population (millions) Researchers created the graph above to compare their population estimates with the actual populations of different cities in 2010. For which of the cities did the researchers underestimate the population? 1. San Diego Il. Chicago Il. Los Angeles A) Tonly B) Land Ml only © Mand Il only D) L1,and It 2 South Korea -*_Japan Births per 1,000 Women, 8 8 2006—-2008—«2010—=—«O12——«T Year Based on the graph, which of the following best describes the general trend in birth rates in South Korea and Japan from 2006 to 201: oe . B) Each year, birth rates increased in both South Korea and Japan. ©) Each year, birth rates increased in South Korea but decreased in Japan. 1D) Each year, birth rates decreased in South Korea but increased in Japan.Most of the data for Neighborhood B are at the ends and are much more spread out from the mean, which, because the bar graph is symmetrical, we can estimate to be 3 cars. The data for Neighborhood A, on the other hand, are more clustered towards the low end, where the mean is. Therefore, the standard deviation for Neighborhood Bis lager Answer [(B)} CHAPTER EXERCISE: Answers for this chapter start on page 310. A calculator is allowed on the following questions. MB Te ee: The average height of 14 students in one class is g G3 inches, The average height of 21 students in g4 another classi 68, I the two classes are 3 |. _| combined, what is the average height, in inches, 5 | of the students in the combined class? Bal A) 64.5 a B) 65 o C) 66 > 2 © D0 PPP D) 665 LOLS LS Books read SLE | ine histogram above shows the number of books read last year by 20 editors at a publishing Kristie has taken five tests in science class. The company. Which of the following, could be the average of all five of Kristie’s test scores is 94. ‘median number of books read by the 20 editors? ‘The average of her last three test scores is 92. What is the average of her first two test scores? ee 0 a > xe ov b) 2 oO” » D) 98 27 SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 227CHAPTER 25_ STATISTICS 1 ° ° ° ° e mot eee ° 18 19 20 21 2 2% 2 ‘Age (years) ‘The dotplot above shows the distribution of ages for 24 winners of the Miss World beauty pageant atthe time they were crowned. Based on the data, which of the following is closest to the average (arithmetic mean) age of the winning Miss World pageant contestant? A) 19 B) 20 oa b) 2 Locks are sections of canals in which the water level can be mechanically changed to raise and lower boats. The table below shows the number of locks for 10 canals in France. [Name] oaks] isne | 27 Alsace | 25 [Rhone [5 Centre | 30 [Garonne [~ 23 | Lalinde | 27 | ri | Oise | 27 [Wosges [98 | Sambre [29 Removing which of the following two canals from the data would result in the greatest decrease in the standard deviation of the number of locks in each canal? A) Aisne and Lalinde B) Alsace and Garonne ©) Centre and Midi D) Rhone and Vosges SAT & IG BOOK STORE 01227746409 228