INNATE IMMUNITY II

SONYA ESTI KHOLIFA

1

1. What are antimicrobial peptides that produce in epithelial and some leukocytes?
defensins and the cathelicidins

2. What are peptides that are toxic to bacteria and fungi called?
defensins

3. Mention two families of human defensins that distinguished by the location of

the bonds ?
α-defensins
β-defensins

4. Where is the defensins are not produced ?

1.epithelial cells of mucosal surfaces

2.monosit
3.neutrophils
4.natural killer cells cytotoxic T lymphocytes
3. monosit

5. What cell that act as the major producer of α- defensins ?

1. Mast Cells
2. Paneth cells
3. Dendritic Cells
4. Lymphocytes
5. NK Cells
2. Paneth cells

6. What is the other name of Paneth cell defensins ?

Crypticidins
7

7. What is the name of cell that the function is to limit the amount of lumenal
microbes near the epithelial barrier ?
1. Mast Cells
2. Paneth cells
3. Dendritic Cells
4. Lymphocytes
5. NK Cells
2. Paneth cells

8.What is the antimicrobial peptides that produced by neutrophils and barrier

epithelial cells in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract ?
Cathelicidin
9

9. Which one is not the mechanism for against infections of cathelicidin ?

1. against infections by multiple mechanisms

2.direct toxicity to microorganisms
3. activation of various responses in leukocytes
4. promote eradication of microbes
5. detect invading microbes
5. detect invading microbes

10

10. Where are the intraepithelial T lymphocytes are present ?

1. Epidermis
2. Hepar
3. Lymphatic nodes
4. Spleen
Epidermis
Mucous membrane

11

11. What are the name of cells that have specialized phagocytic functions,
primarily for the first line of defense against microbes that breach epithelial
barriers ?
1. Mast Cells
2. Macrophages
3. Dendritic Cells
4. Lymphocytes
5. NK Cells
2. macrophages
neutrophils

12

12. What is the name of cell that rapidly and efficiently detect invading microbes
because of their location in tissues and their expression of numerous pattern
recognition receptors for PAMPs and DAMPs ?
1. Mast Cells
2. Basophils
3. Dendritic Cells
4. Lymphocytes
5. NK Cells

3. Dendritic cells (DCs)

13

13. What is the name of DC subset cell that act major source of the antiviral
cytokines, type I interferons, that reduced in response to viral infections ?
Plasmacytoid

14

14. What is the name of bone marrow–derived cells with lymphocyte morphology that
were discovered as cells that produced cytokines similar to those made by T cells
but lacked TCRs ?
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs)

15

15. Mention three subsets of innate lymphoid cells ?

ILC1
ILC2
ILC3

16

16. Which ILCs that produce IFN-γ and express the transcription factor T-bet, like
Th1 cells ?
1. ILC1s
2. ILC2s
3. ILC3s
4. ILC4s

1. ILC1s

17

17. Which ILCs that produce IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13, and express the transcription
factor GATA-3, like Th2 cells ?
1. ILC1s
2. ILC2s
3. ILC3s
4. ILC4s

2. ILC2s

18

18. Which ILCs that produce IL-22 and/or IL-17 and express the transcription factor
RORγt, like Th17 cells ?
1. ILC1s
2. ILC2s
3. ILC3s
4. ILC4s

3. ILC3s

19

19. Which ILCs that important for defense against intracellular microbes ?
1. ILC1s
2. ILC2s
3. ILC3s
4. ILC4s

1. ILC1s

20

20. Which ILCs that contribute to allergic disease?

1. ILC1s
2. ILC2s
3. ILC3s
4. ILC4s
2. ILC2s

21

21. Which ILCs that are found at mucosal sites and participate in defense against
extracellular fungi and bacteria, as well as in maintaining the integrity of
epithelial barriers ?
1. ILC1s
2. ILC2s
3. ILC3s
4. ILC4s

3. ILC3s

22

22. What is the name of subtype cell of ILC3s, which, in addition to secreting IL-
17 and IL-22, also express the membrane molecule lymphotoxin-α and secrete TNF ?

Lymphoid tissue–inducer (LTi) cells

23

23. What is the name of cell that often considered the first known ILC, are
cytotoxic cells that play important roles in innate immune responses, mainly
against viruses and intracellular bacteria ?
NK cells

24

24. NK cells can be identified in the blood by expression of what CD?

1. CD8
2. CD16
3. CD40
4. CD56
5. CD94
4. CD56

25

25. What is the name of protein in NK cells that facilitates the entry of other
granule proteins into the cytosol of target cells ?
Perforin

26

26. What is the name of proteolytic enzymes in NK cells that initiate a sequence of
signaling events that cause death of the target cells by apoptosis ?

Granzymes

27

27. Mention two type of NK cells receptors that regulated the balance between
signals for distinguish infected and stressed cells from healthy cells?
Activating receptors
Inhibitory receptors
28

28. What is the name of NK cell–activating receptors that contain a structural

domain named the immunoglobulin (Ig) fold, first identified in antibody (also known
as Ig) molecules?
1. NKG2D
2. KIRs
3. ITAMs
4. ITIMs

2. killer cell immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors (KIRs)

29

29. What is the name of the ability of NK cells to become activated by host cells
that lack class I MHC ?
“recognition of missing self.”

30

30. What is the name of NK cell–activating receptors which contain tyrosine

residues that become phosphorylated by cytoplasmic kinases after binding of ligands
to the receptors?
1. NKG2D
2. KIRs
3. ITAMs
4. ITIMs

3. Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs)

31

31. What is the name of Inhibitory receptors of NK cells which engage molecules
that block the signaling pathways of activating receptors?
1. NKG2D
2. KIRs
3. ITAMs
4. ITIMs

4. Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs (ITIMs)

32

32. Which one the major cytokines of the innate immune system that not stimulate NK
function ?
1. IL-6
2. IL-12
3. IL-15
4. IL-18
5. type I interferons
1. IL-6

33

33. What is the name of cell that present in the skin, mucosal epithelium, and
connective tissues that rapidly secrete proinflammatory cytokines ?
1. Mast Cells
2. Basophils
3. Dendritic Cells
4. Lymphocytes
5. NK Cells

1. Mast cells

34

34. Monocytes and neutrophils are recruited into infected tissues in response to
microbes or signals generated by what cell?
Sentinel Cells

35

35. What is the granule contents of Mast cells that cause vasodilation and
increased capillary permeability?
vasoactive amines (such as histamine)

36

36. What is the name of inactive precursor enzyme for proteolytic cascades in
Complement activation ?
Zymogen

37

37. Mention 3 complement activation pathways ?

classical pathway
alternative pathway
lectin pathway

38

38. Which complement activation pathway that triggered by MBL?

lectin pathway

39

39. Which one is not the proinflammatory cytokines of the innate immune system?
1. TNF
2. IL-1
3. IL-6.
4. IL-8
4. IL-8

40

40. What is the other name of TNF- β ?

Lymphotoxin
41

41. What molecules that can stimulated TNF production by macrophages ?

PAMPs and DAMPs

42
42. Mention two forms of IL-1 ?
IL-1α and IL-1β

43

43. Which IL that act as major contributor to inflammation in several human

inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis ?
1. IL-10
2. IL-1
3. IL-6.
4. IL-8

3. IL-6

44

44. What cytokines can induce postcapillary venule endothelialcells to express E-

selectin and to increase their expression of ligands for leukocyte integrins ?
1. IL-10
2. IL-1
3. IL-6.
4. IL-8

2. IL-1

45

45. What happen if TNF inhibits the contractility of myocardial?

Decrease in blood pressure, or shock.

46