ST.

ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

Patient Information
Name: Caseres, Kristoffe
Age: 9years old
Room: NS 116
Diagnosis: PCAP (PEDIATRIC COMMUNITY- AQUIRED PNEUMONIA
Student nurse incharge: Dajay, Jemina Corazon B.
 ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com
Drug Name/Dosage/ Classifications Indication/
Frequency/Route Mechanism of Actions Contraindications
/Timing
Generic: Therapeutic Class: Indications:
Cefuroxime is commonly
Ceftin Antibiotics, specifically
cephalosporins. used to treat a wide range of
bacterial infections, including
respiratory tract infections,
urinary tract infections, skin
and soft tissue infections,
and more. It is effective
against many Gram-positive
Pharmacologic Class: and Gram-negative bacteria.
Brand:
econd-generation Contraindications:
Cefuroxime
cephalosporin antibiotic.
Cefuroxime should not be
Dosage : 250mg used in individuals with a
known allergy to
Frequency: BID
cephalosporin antibiotics or
Route: ORAL a history of severe allergic
reactions to penicillin. It is
also contraindicated in
patients with a history of
colitis associated with
antibiotic use.
Adverse Reactions
Common adverse
effects:
Cefuroxime can
include gastrointestinal
symptoms like nausea,
diarrhea, and
abdominal pain. It may
also cause allergic
reactions, skin rashes,
and in some cases,
more severe side
effects like kidney
problems or blood
disorders. It's
important to note that
not everyone will
experience these side
effects, and they
should be discussed
with a healthcare
provider..
Nursing Actions
1. Assessment:
- Assess the child's medical history,
including allergies and previous adverse
reactions to antibiotics.
- Monitor vital signs regularly to detect any
signs of adverse reactions.
2. Medication Administration
- Administer the medication according to the
prescribed dosage and schedule.
- Ensure proper intravenous (IV)
administration technique if it's given through
an IV line.
- Administer oral medication with food if
required to minimize gastrointestinal upset.
3. Patient Education:
- Educate the child and their parents or
guardians about the importance of completing
the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms
improve.
ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

- Explain the potential side effects and the

need to report any adverse reactions
promptly.

4. Allergy Assessment
- Verify any known allergies to antibiotics,
especially cephalosporins, to prevent allergic
reactions.
- Monitor the child closely for signs of an
allergic reaction, such as hives, difficulty
breathing, or swelling of the face or lips.

5. Hydration and Monitoring:

- Encourage adequate fluid intake to prevent
dehydration, especially if the child experiences
diarrhea as a side effect.
- Monitor urine output to ensure proper renal
function.

6. Infection Control:
- Follow standard infection control protocols
to prevent the spread of infections, both to and
from the pediatric patient.
ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

7. Blood Monitoring:
- In some cases, blood tests may be
necessary to monitor the child's response to
the medication, especially if the child is
receiving Cefuroxime for a severe infection.

8. Patient Comfort:
- Address any discomfort or pain associated
with the infection.
- Provide appropriate comfort measures,
such as fever-reducing medications if
necessary.

9. Documentation:
- Maintain accurate and complete records of
medication administration, vital signs, and any
observed side effects or changes in the child's
condition.

10. Communication:
- Collaborate with the healthcare team to
report any significant changes in the child's
 ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

condition or response to the medication.

- Communicate with the child and their
family to ensure they understand the
treatment plan and follow-up care.

Drug Name/Dosage/ Classifications Indication/ Adverse Reactions Nursing Actions

Frequency/Route Mechanism of Actions Contraindications
/Timing
 ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

Generic: Therapeutic Class:
Anticonvulsant, Analgesic
Pregabalin
Pharmacologic Class:
Brand:
Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Lyrica
(GABA) Analog
Dosage: 75mg Pregabalin binds to the alpha-2-
delta subunit of voltage-gated
Frequency: OD
calcium channels in the central
Route: ORAL nervous system. By doing so, it
reduces the release of
neurotransmitters, such as
glutamate, norepinephrine, and
substance P. This dampening of
neurotransmitter release helps in
controlling neuropathic pain and
seizures.
Indications:
Management of neuropathic
pain associated with diabetic
peripheral neuropathy
(DPN).
Adjunctive therapy for
partial-onset seizures in
adults.
Management of fibromyalgia.
Treatment of neuropathic
pain associated with
postherpetic neuralgia.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to
Pregabalin or any
components of the
formulation.
Known hypersensitivity to
other drugs in the same
class (e.g., gabapentin).
Patients with a history of
angioedema.
Common adverse  Monitor for the effectiveness of pain
effects: relief and seizure control.
 Assess patients for signs of depression
Dizziness,
or suicidal thoughts.
somnolence, dry
 Be vigilant for signs of angioedema,
mouth, peripheral
such as swelling of the face, mouth, or
edema
throat.
Serious adverse  Educate patients about the importance
effects: of adhering to their diabetic
management plan.
Angioedema,
 Instruct patients to take Pregabalin as
hypersensitivity
prescribed by their healthcare provider.
reactions, suicidal
 Advise patients to report any unusual or
thoughts/behavior
severe side effects.
(rare)
 Emphasize the importance of regular
follow-up appointments and monitoring
of renal function.
 Educate patients about the potential for
dizziness or somnolence, particularly
when starting the medication.

Drug Name/Dosage/ Classifications Indication/ Adverse Reactions Nursing Actions

Frequency/Route Mechanism of Actions Contraindications
/Timing
 ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com
Generic: Therapeutic Class: Indications:
Sevelamer Phosphate Binder Sevelamer is primarily
indicated for the control of
serum phosphorus levels
in patients with chronic
kidney disease (CKD) on
Brand: Pharmacologic Class:
hemodialysis or peritoneal
Renagel, Renvela Non-absorbed phosphate dialysis
binder
It is also used off-label in
some diabetic patients
Dosage : 800mg with hyperphosphatemia
Frequency: TID (6-12-6) who are not on dialysis
Route: ORAL Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to
Sevelamer or any
component of the
formulation
Patients with bowel
obstructions
Common adverse  Monitor serum phosphorus levels
effects: regularly to assess the effectiveness of
Sevelamer therapy.
Nausea, vomiting,
 Assess for signs of hypophosphatemia,
diarrhea, constipation,
which may require dosage adjustments.
abdominal pain
 Encourage patient compliance with
Serious adverse medication and dietary
effects: recommendations.
 Instruct patients to take Sevelamer as
Hypophosphatemia
prescribed, usually with meals.
(rare)
 Emphasize the importance of adhering
to dietary phosphate restrictions.
 Educate patients about potential
gastrointestinal side effects and
encourage reporting any severe or
persistent symptoms.
 ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

Drug Name/Dosage/ Classifications Indication/ Adverse Reactions Nursing Actions

Frequency/Route Mechanism of Actions Contraindications
/Timing
Generic: Therapeutic Class: Indications: Common adverse 1.Hypertonic solutions must be administered
effects: by trained personnel. Avoid extravasations as
Sodium Bicarbonate Antacids, Antireflux Agents Hyperacidity, severe
tissue irritation or cellulitis may result
Antiulcerants, Electrolytes diarrhea (where there is Cerebral hemorrhage,
loss of Sodium CHF (aggravated),
Bicarbonate) Tetany, Pulmonary
2. Administer isotonic solutions slowly; too
Pharmacologic Class: edema
Brand: Urine: Alkalinization, rapid administration may result in death due to
Alkalinizing Agents management of metabolic cellular acidity. Check the rate of flow
Rhea Sodium Bicarbonate®, acidosis Dyspepsia frequently.
Hospira Sodium Side Effects:
Bicarbonate®, Contraindications:
Metabolic alkalosis,
PhilPharmawealth Metabolic or respiratory mood changes, 3. If on low continuous or intermittent NG
alkalosis; hypernatremia, tiredness, shortness of suctioning or vomiting, assess for evidence of
AtlanticSodium Bicarbonate® severe pulmonary edema; breath, muscle excessive chloride loss.
Dosage : 650mg hypocalcemia, weakness, irregular
4. Record I&O. Observe for dry skin and
hypochlorhydria heartbeat; muscle
Frequency: OD 6am mucous membranes, polydipsia, polyuria, and
hypertonicity, twitching;
air hunger; this may indicate a reversal of
Route: Through dialysate hypernatremia,
metabolic acidosis. With acidosis, assess for
hyperosmolality
the relief of dyspnea and hypercapnia.
hypocalcemia,
hypokalemia; stomach
cramps, flatulence.

rand name:
- Pfizer rand
 ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com
name:
Drug Name/Dosage/ Classifications Indication/
Frequency/Route Mechanism of Actions Contraindications
/Timing
Generic: Therapeutic Class: Indications:
Cilostazol Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Cilostazol is indicated for
the management of
intermittent claudication, a
condition characterized by
pain and cramping in the
legs due to reduced blood
Pharmacologic Class: flow.
Brand: Phosphodiesterase III It may also be used in
Inhibitor diabetic patients with
Pletal
intermittent claudication to
Dosage: 100mg improve walking distance
and quality of life.
Frequency: OD (8 am)
Route: ORAL
Contraindications:
Known hypersensitivity to
Cilostazol or other
phosphodiesterase
inhibitors.
Adverse Reactions Nursing Actions
Common adverse  Monitor patients for signs of peripheral
effects: vascular disease, such as diminished
peripheral pulses or skin changes in the
Headache, diarrhea,
lower extremities.
abnormal stools,
 Assess for bleeding tendencies,
palpitations.
especially in patients taking multiple
Serious adverse anticoagulant or antiplatelet
effects: medications.
 Collaborate with the healthcare team to
Bleeding (rare), heart manage potential drug interactions and
rhythm disturbances ensure safe medication administration.
(rare).
 Instruct patients to take Cilostazol as
prescribed by their healthcare provider.
 Advise patients to report any unusual
bleeding, changes in heart rate, or
symptoms of heart failure.
 Encourage patients to follow a healthy
lifestyle, including smoking cessation
and regular exercise, to maximize the
benefits of Cilostazol.
ST. ALEXIUS COLLEGE
Gen. San. Drive, City of Koronadal, South Cotabato, Philippines 09506, Tel.: (083) 228-2019, Fax: (083) 228-4015, Email: st.alexiuscollege@yahoo.com

Cilostazol is
contraindicated in patients
with heart failure of any
severity.