Erik Erikson was an ego psychologist who developed one of the most popular and influential theories of

development. While his theory was impacted by psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud's work, Erikson's theory
centered on psychosocial development rather than psychosexual development.

The stages that make up his theory are as follows:1

Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy from birth to 18 months)

The trust vs. mistrust stage is the first stage of psychologist Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial
development. This stage begins at birth and lasts until a child is around 18 months old. According to
Erikson, this is the most important period of a child's life, as it shapes their view of the world as well as
their overall personality. Erikson believed that early patterns of trust influence a child's social and
emotional development. If a child successfully develops trust, they will feel safe and secure in the world.
According to his theory, a parent essentially shapes their child's perception and future relationships.

Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddler years from 18 months to three years)

Autonomy versus shame and doubt is the second stage of Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial
development. This stage occurs between the age of 18 months and around age 2 or 3 years. According to
Erikson, children at this stage are focused on developing a greater sense of self-control.

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development describes a series of eight stages that take place
throughout the course of life. The first stage of development, trust vs. mistrust, is all about developing a
sense of trust in the world.

Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool years from three to five)

Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (Middle school years from six to 11)

Stage 5: Identity vs. Confusion (Teen years from 12 to 18)

Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young adult years from 18 to 40)

Stage 7: Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle age from 40 to 65)

Stage 8: Integrity vs. Despair (Older adulthood from 65 to death)