Wilmer Baldeo, BSIT-1

ACTIVITY #2
1. According to the philosophical view, what is a human person?
Cite specific examples.
Human person is a notion that refers to the fundamental dispositions and
qualities that humans are considered to have naturally, such as ways of thinking,
feeling, and acting. The term is frequently used to describe the essence of humanity
which, for some considerable factors, has helped in supporting the analysis of concepts,
definitions, arguments, and difficulties. The understanding of human person in
philosophical view has also improve one’s ability to organize thoughts and situations,
deal with value questions, and extract what is vital from large amounts of information.

The Aristotelian philosophy of the human person views the individual as a

member of the human kind with unique innate conceptual knowledge capacities and
freedom of choice within this knowledge base. This philosophical viewpoint, also known
as moderate realism, also described that the world is coherent because the human
intellect graps formal conceptual aspects of the world of experience, frames arguments,
and may reason to new understandings. For instance, an individual could achieve full
development through societal support because he is naturally a social and political
creature, which would allow him to participate to activities common to all. This
individual’s action, in return, would contribute something to his ever-changing
environment for the latter to keep on reinventing itself.

Socrates, however, believed that humans have an inheritable soul that lives on
even after death. The immortality of one’s soul, which has learned many things
throughout its existence, would be transferred to the new body it would inhabit. For
example, a human person acquired a great extent of experience before he died. His
soul, according to this philosophical notion, would keep these experiences even after it
reside in another body.
Furthermore, Greek philosopher Protagoras described that human person is the
measure of all things that exist and of all the things that do not exist. Plato’s claim
articulated that perfect human being does not exist because what is in this world is just
a flawed copy of humanity’s original selfin the realm ideas. In accordance to
Parmenides’s viewpoint, on the other hand, a man has knowledge of something
thatnothing, for a man who does exist is nothing.
 2. Why was human nature patterned on the image of God?
Human nature bears the image of God in a way that man’s self-awareness and
personality, which are higher order than animals, may bear a close resemblance to
God’s traits, aside from the fact that man possesses a sense of conscience and
performs moral decision-making. Augustine of Hippo proposed that the image of God
lives in man’s memory, knowledge, and will, attempting to reflect God’s Trinitarian
personhood in this way.
Theologically speaking, the book of Genesis from the Bible also significantly
substantiate the claim that God made man his own image by grounding the fundamental
equality between men and women, who equally bear the image of God.

3. According to St. Thomas Aquinas, describe the human person

as created by a superior being with a divine purpose.
Saint Thomas Aquinas delineated the human person as created by a superior
being with a divine purpose because they have a soul and a body. For living things,
their substantial form is their soul, St. Thomas Aquinas should not be understood to be
ascribing some special sort of spirituality to plants and animals: he considers them to be
corporeal objects in the same way that rocks and streams are. Rather, he follows
Aristotle’s lead in treating the soul as the first basis of life, whatever that may be,
because Saint Thomas Aquinas believed that the substantial form of any substance is
the primary internal explanation for its existence, it follows that every living substance
has a soul that is its substantial form.
The essential role of a soul, as with any substantial form, is to account for the
substance’s nature as a certain kind of thing, possessing the unity and persistence that
distinguishes things. Saint Awuinas Aquinas referred to this actualizing duty as the
soul’s essence. The continued survival of living organisms necessitates that they
perform specific functions, including as feeding and reproducing, moving and
perceiving, in the case of animals, and reasoning, in the case of human. The capacities
of the soul correspond to these operations.
 4. Discuss the sociological views.
According to Lucila L. Salcedo (2004), we are looking at this social environment
or the numerous ways that humans behave socially. As a result, when we talk about
society or the social world, what we really mean is human behavior. This is not to say
that all sociologists see the social world from the same perspective (or viewpoint); nor
do they always agree on what they are seeing, how behavior could or should be
understood, and so on.

5. Discuss the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is an Abraham Maslow theory that proposes that
humans are motivated by five main types of needs: physiological, safety, love, esteem,
and self-actualization. According to this notion, higher needs in the hierarchy emerge
when people believe they have adequately satisfied the preceding need. Although
subsequent research does not fully corroborate Maslow’s idea, his work has influenced
other psychologists and contributed to the discipline of positive psychology. In addition,
when a lower need is met, the next need on the hierarchy becomes the main focus.

Physiological needs are basic physical demands such as drinking when thirsty or
eating when hungry. Some of these needs, according to Maslow, involve our efforts to
meet the body’s need for homeostasis, or maintaining regular levels in various biological
systems. After people’s physiological needs are addressed, the next requirement is a
safe environment. Our safety needs are evident even in childhood, since children have
a desire for safe and predictable situations, and when they are not provided, they often
react with fear or worry. Maslow observed that in adults living in developed countries,
safety demands are more visible in emergency situations, such as war and disasters.
The next need in Maslow’s hierarchy is to feel loved and accepted. This requirement
encompasses both romantic relationships and bonds to friends and family members.
Our esteem needs include a wish to feel good about ourselves. Maslow defines
esteem needs as having two components: The first is feeling self-assured and good
about oneself while the second component is feeling valued by others; that is, believing
that our accomplishments and efforts have been acknowledged by others. Self-
actualization refers to feeling fulfilled or as if we are living up to our full potential, one
distinguishing quality of self-actualization is that it appears differently for each individual.
REFERENCE:
1. The Nature of the Human Person (2021) Zamboanga Peninsula Polytechnic
State University. Retrieve from:
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/zamboanga-peninsula-polytechnic-state-
university/nstp-cwst/nstp-civic-welfare-training-service-module-4/22490768
2. Summary of Aristotle’s Theory of Human Nature (2014) Retrieve from:
https://reasonandmeaning.com/2014/10/17/theories-of-human-nature-chapter-9-
aristotle-part-1/#
3. Hopper, E. (2020) Marlow’s Hierarchy of Needs Explained. Retrieve from:
https://www.thoughtco.com/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-4582571