Measures of Position

Ungrouped Data
• Quantiles- divide the distribution into 4 equal
parts such as 𝑄1, 𝑄2, 𝑄3, 𝑄4.
- 25 % of the distribution, th item

- 50 % of the distribution, th item

- 75 % of the distribution, th item

- 100 % of the distribution, th item

• Deciles – divide the distribution into 10 equal
parts such as 𝐷1 , 𝐷2 , 𝐷3 , 𝐷4 , 𝐷5 , 𝐷6 , 𝐷7 , 𝐷8 ,
𝐷9 , 𝐷10 .
- 10 % of the distribution, th item

- 20 % of the distribution, th item

- 30 % of the distribution, th item, etc.

• Percentiles – divide the distribution into 100
equal parts such as 𝑃1 , 𝑃2 , 𝑃3 , 𝑃4 … . . 𝑃100 .
- 1 % of the distribution, th item

- 2 % of the distribution, th item, etc.

• Example 1.
Given: 10,8,13,11,22,17,5
Find: 𝑄1, 𝐷4 , 𝑃70
Solution: 5,8,10,11,13,17,22
= = 2nd item
𝑄1 = 8
 = = 3.2nd item
𝐷4 = 10 + 0.2 (11-10) = 10.2
= = 5.6 th item
𝑃70 = 13 + 0.6 (17-13) = 15.4
• Example 2.
Given: 120,111,123,112,132,141,145,150,156
Find: 𝑄2, 𝐷1 , 𝑃5
Solution:
111,112,120,123,132,141,145,150,156
= = 5 th item
𝑄2= 132
 = = 1st item
𝐷1 = = 111
= = 0.5 th item
𝑃5 = 0 + 0.5(111-0) = 55.5
• Assignment2
Given : 10,18,13,14,15,17,12,10,15,16,15
Find : 𝑄3, 𝐷3 , 𝑃45