WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY - PHILIPPINES

ENERGY
TRANSFORMATION
2ND QUARTER, BIOLOGY 1 ||
 ENERGY
TRANSFORMATION
ATP - ADP CYCLE
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
FERMENTATION
Imagine the living cell as a tiny chemical
factory where thousands of chemical
reactions occur in the microscopic level.

Can you envision the complex processes

that happen when the substances in
your cell are converted to another?
CHANGE

ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
CHEMICAL REACTION

a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to

one or more different substances, the products. Substances are either
chemical elements or compounds. A chemical reaction rearranges the
constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products.

METABOLISM

it is the sum of the chemical reactions that take place within each cell of a
living organism and that provide energy for vital processes and for synthesizing
new organic material.
ENERGY CAPACITY TO DO WORK AND
THE CAPACITY TO CREATE OR
CAUSE CHANGE.

POTENTIAL ENERGY KINETIC ENERGY

stored energy that depends upon the form of energy that an object or a
relative position of various parts of a particle has by reason of its motion.
system.
ENERGY IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
CATABOLISM
REFERS TO THE PROCESS THAT BREAKS
DOWN COMPLEX MOLECULES INTO
SMALLER MOLECULES, USUALLY
RELEASES ENERGY FOR THE ORGANISM
TO USE.
EX. CELLULAR RESPIRATION
ENERGY IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
ANABOLISM
REFERS TO THE PROCESS WHICH
BUILDS MOLECULES THE BODY NEEDS,
USUALLY REQUIRES ENERGY FOR
COMPLETION.
-CONSTRUCTIVE, CREATES
COMPOUNDS THAT ARE MORE
SPECIALIZED AND COMPLEX.
ENERGY IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
EXERGONIC
THE REACTANTS RELEASES MORE OF
THEIR POTENTIAL ENERGY TO THE
SURROUNDINGS, WHILE A LITTLE TURNS
INTO A PRODUCT.

EXAMPLE: WOOD BURNING, THE

POTENTIAL ENERGY FROM ITS
GLUCOSE IS CONVERTED TO HEAT AND
LIGHT AND CREATES CARBON DIOXIDE
AND WATER AS PRODUCTS.
ENERGY IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
ENDERGONIC
THE REACTANTS OBTAIN MORE ENERGY
FROM THE SURROUNDING DURING THE
REACTION PROCESS TO FORM A
PRODUCT RICH IN POTENTIAL ENERGY.

EXAMPLE: PHOTOSYNTHESIS, ENERGY-

POOR CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER
MOLECULES WITH THE HELP OF
SUNLIGHT PRODUCES ENERGY-RICH
MOLECULES IN PLANTS.
 COUPLED
REACTIONS The use of energy obtained
from an exergonic reaction to
chemical reaction with a
drive endergonic reactions is
common intermediate in
called energy coupling.
which energy is transferred
from one side of the reaction
The reaction associated with
to the other.
this is called a coupled
reaction.
PHOSPHORYLATION
THE ADDITION OF A PHOSPHORYL GROUP TO AN
ORGANIC COMPOUND.
END OF PRESENTATION.