Oxford Fajar Mathematics T STPM Full Wor

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CHAPTER 13

Focus on Exam 13
1 (a) Draft
10 4 9 4
11 7 5
12 5 4 0
13 4 2
14 5 2
15 8
16 0 2
Final
10 4 4 9
11 5 7
12 0 4 5
13 2 4
14 2 5
15 8
16 0 2

Key: 13|2 means 132 scores


1 + 15
(b) Median =
2
= 8th value
= 125
1 + 15
Q1 =
4
= 4th value
= 115
3(1 + 15)
Q3 =
4
= 12th value
= 145
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2 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

(c)

100 120 140 160 180


Scale: 1 cm represent 10 score

2 (a) The stem-and-leaf diagram gives a frequency distribution while retaining the original data.
(b) Draft

3 1 7 7 5
4 2 4 8 4 3 5
5 8 1 5 8 2 4 9 6 2 5 4 2 3 7
6 2 3 7 7 1 5 8 3 4 9 9 3 5
7 7 4 6 2 8 5 6 8 5
8 9 3 6 1 9 4 7 9 3
9 5 4 8 1 5
10 6 3 3

Final

3 1 5 7 7
4 2 3 4 4 5 8
5 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 8 9
6 1 2 3 3 3 4 5 5 7 7 8 9 9
7 2 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 8
8 1 3 3 4 6 7 9 9 9
9 1 4 5 5 8
10 3 3 6

Key: 8|1 means 81 tickets

1 + 63
(c) Median =
2
= 32nd value
= 65
1 + 63
Q1 =
4
= 16th value
= 54

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Fully Worked Solutions 3

3(1 + 63)
Q3 =
4
= 48th value
= 83
(d)

30 50 70 90 110
Scale: 1 cm represents 10 tickets
1 + 29
3 (a) Median =
2
= 15 th value
= 78
1 + 29
Q1 =
4
= 7.5 th value
71 + 73
=
2
= 72

3(1 + 29)
Q3 =
4
= 22.5 th value
= 88

(b)/(c)
Fertiliser B

Fertiliser A

50 60 70 80 90 100 110
Scale: 1 cm represent 10 cm

(d) Fertiliser A produced more taller plants. Range in plot using fertiliser B is wider.

4 (a)
Time (t minutes) Number of matches Cumulative frequency
0  t < 15 4 4
15  t < 30 7 11
30  t < 60 24 35
60  t < 90 38 73
90  t < 120 7 80

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4 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

(b) Cumulative
frequency

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

Time
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 (minutes)
Q1 = 42 Median = 53 Q3 = 78

IQR = 78 − 42
= 36

5 (a) n = 69
1 + 69
Median =
2
= 35th value
= 36
1 + 69
Lower quartile =
4
= 17.5 th value
24 + 25
=
2
= 24.5
3 (1 + 69)
Upper quartile =
4
= 52.5 th value
43 + 45
=
2
= 44
IQR = 44 − 24.5
= 19.5
1 + 82
(b) Lower quartile =
4
= 20.75th value
= 33 + x

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Fully Worked Solutions 5

1 + 82
Median =
2
= 41.5th value
= 47
IQR = 28
28
47 − (33 + x) =
2
x=0
3(1 + 82)
Upper quartile =
4
= 62.25th value
= y + 63
28
(63 + y ) − 47 =
2
y = −2

(c) A

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Scale: 2 cm represents 10 withdrawals

(d) More withdrawals from machine B, IQR is also wider in machine B.


6 (a) Frequency
density

Time
0 10 20 30 40 40 60 70 80 (minutes)

 97 
 − 31
2
(b) Median = 10 + 10
63
= 10 + 2.778
= 12.778
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6 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

frequency
7 (a) Frequency density =
class width
17
p=
3 − 2.8
= 85
8
q=
3.4 − 3.2
= 40
Frequency density

(b)

200

100

Time
0 (minutes)
2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4

frequency
8 (a) Frequency density =
class width
frequency
0.6 =
25
Frequency = 25 × 0.6
= 15

(b) n = 117
117
Median =
2
= 58.5th value
58.5 − (5 + 19 + 24) = 10.5

10.5
Frequency density =
5
= 2.1

From histogram, group age is 30 − 35.


10.5
Median = 1.875 + 30 OR 30 35

= 31.875 28

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Fully Worked Solutions 7

10.5
Median = 30 + (5)
28
= 31.875

9 (a) −10  t < −6 implies that the employee arrives between 6 to 10 minutes early.
Frequency
(b)

200

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

Minutes
–10 –5 0 5
Median = −2.2
IQR = 2.9
10 (a) q = 344 + 78
= 422
p = 494 – 422
= 72
Cumulative
(b) frequency

500

400

300

200

100

Number of
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 days

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8 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

540
(c) Q1 =
4
= 135 th value

Q1 is in class 0 < n  10.


135
Q1 = (10)
210
= 6.429

3
Q3 = (540)
4
= 405 th value

Q3 is in class 20 < n  30.


61
Q3 = 20 + (30 − 20)
78
= 27.821

120
11 (a) Median =
2
= 60 th value
= 183 cm (from graph)
120
Q1 =
4
= 30 th value
= 175
3(120)
Q3 =
4
= 90 th value
= 189
IQR = 189 – 175
= 14
(b) 10% of 120 = 12
Total number of players to be selected = 20 + 12
= 32

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Fully Worked Solutions 9

12 (a) Speech per minute


(b)
Time Frequency
2<t4 20
4<t6 44
6<t7 34
7<t8 30
8 < t  10 30
10 < t  16 36
1464
(c) Mean =
194
= 7.564
158
(d) P( X < 10) =
194
= 0.8144
13 (a) A = 18
1
B= (16) th value
4
= 4th value
= 19
1
C = (16) th value
2
= 8 th value
= 23
3
D = (16) th value
4
= 12 th value
= 29
E = 36
(b) IQR = 29 − 19
= 10
The spread in the middle 50% of the data is greater than the overall spread of the set of data.
Range = 18 < 2IQR = 20.
14 Mean = 4
⇒s + t + u + v = 4 × 4
= 16
Median = 3
⇒ t + u = 3× 2
=6
s + 6 + v = 16
s + v = 10 .... 1

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10 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

Range = 6
⇒ v−s=6 ○
.... 2

1 +○
2 : 2v = 16
∴v = 8
s=2
Mode = 3
⇒ t =u=3
15 (a) 60th percentile = 0.6 × 120
= 72nd value
= 167 cm
1
(b) Median = (120) th value
2
= 60th value
= 165 cm
3 1
IQR = (120) th value − (120) th value
4 4
= 90th value – 30th value
= 170 – 160
= 10 cm
Middle 50% lies between 160 to 170 cm.
16 p + q + r + s = 14 × 4
= 56
q + r = 13 × 2
= 26
∴ p + s = 30 ... 1
s − p = 16 ... 2
1 + 2 : 2s = 46
s = 23
∴ p=7
∴ q = r = 13
17 (a) Median mark = 3
1
(b) Number of students who received marks between 3 to 6 = (32) = 8
4
1
18 (a) Median= (100) th value
2
= 50 th value
=3
1
Q1 = (100) th value
4
= 25th value
=2
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Fully Worked Solutions 11

3
Q3 = (100) th value
4
= 75th value
=4
IQR = 4 − 2
=2
∑ fx
(b) Mean =
∑f
310
=
100
= 3.10
Mode = 3
2
∑ fx 2  ∑ fx 
s= −
∑f  ∑ f 
1212 2
= − ( 3.10 )
100
= 2.51
= 1.584

3(mean − mode)
Pearson coefficient of skewness =
standard deviation
3(3.1 − 3)
=
1.584
= 0.189
The data distribution skewed to the right.

19 (a)
Frequency

10

Hours
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

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12 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

8(3) + 11( 4) + 13(8) + 15(10) + 17(3) + 19(1)


(b) Mean =
3 + 4 + 8 + 10 + 3 + 1
392
=
29
= 13.517
20 Given that r = s and p < q < r.
Mode = 15
∴ r = s = 15
p + q + r + s = 12 × 4
= 48
p + q = 48 − 30
= 18
s − p = 8 ⇒15 − p = 8
∴p = 7
∴ q = 18 − 7
= 11
∴ p = 7, q = 11, r = s = 15

21 Mean = 37
Σx
= 37
28
∴ Σx = 37 × 28
= 1036
New total = 1036 + 31 + 37
= 1104
1104
New mean =
28 + 2
= 36.8

22 (a) n = 24, Σ ( x − a) = 7.32


x = 0.9, Σ ( x − a) 2 = 21.15
y= x−a
Σy
y=
n
Σ ( x − a)
=
24
7.32
=
24
= 0.305

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Fully Worked Solutions 13

y = x −a
0.305 = 0.9 − a
a = 0.9 − 0.305
= 0.595

(b) s y2 =
å y2 - y2
n
21.15
= - 0.3052
24
= 0.7882
\s x = s y
= 0.7882
= 0.888
(c) x − a is used to reduce the value of the data for easier calculation.
Σx
23 x=
n
RM 91 000
=
50
= RM 1820
Σ( x − x ) 2
s2 =
n
RM87600
=
50
= RM 1752
s = RM 1752
= RM 41.86
Σ( y − 60) 245
24 (a) =
70 70
= 3.5
y = 60 + 3.5
= 63.5
(b) Σ ( y − 50) = Σ ( y − 60) + 10 × 70
= 245 + 700
= 945
x = y − 50
Σx
x=
70
Σ( y − 50)
=
70
945
=
70
= 13.5
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14 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

Σ x2
σ x2 = − x2
70
Σ( y − 50) 2
= − 13.52
70
σx = σy
Σ ( y − 50) 2
10.22 = − 13.52
70
Σ ( y − 50) 2 = 70(10.22 + 13.52 )
= 20040.3
25 (a) Mode = 56
(b) n = 26
26 + 1
Median =
2
= 13.5 th value
49 + 52
=
2
= 50.5
26 + 1
Q1 =
4
= 6.75 th value
33 + 35
=
2
= 34
3( 26 + 1)
Q3 =
4
= 20.25 th value
58 + 60
=
2
= 59

Σx
(c) x=
n
1335
=
26
= 51.346
Σx 2
s2 = − x2
n
71 801
= − 51.346 2
26
= 125.165

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Fully Worked Solutions 15

=
s = 125.165
= 11.188

(d) Mean − mode 51.346 − 56


=
Standard deviation 11.188
= −0.416
(e) (i) The mean is on the left hand side of the graph.
(ii) Mode > Median
(iii) The smallest value of 27 reduces the mean.

31 + 1
26 (a) Q1 = th value
4
= 8th value
= 33
31 + 1
Q2 = th value
2
= 16 th value
= 41
3(31 + 1)
Q3 = th value
4
= 24 th value
= 52

(b) January

March

10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Number of emails

(c) The wider range and interquartile range for January shows that the number of e-mails
varies more in January. In March, the median and the largest number of e-mails is also
greater than in January. Hence, there are more e-mails in March.

27 (a) y = 32 + 33
= 65
x = 99 − 65
= 34

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16 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

(b) n = 125
125 + 1
Q2 = th value
2
= 63th value
63 − 32
= 17 +
33
= 17.939
∑ fx
(c) x =
∑f
2176
=
125
= 17.408

∑ fx
28 (a) x =
∑f
29 450
=
300
= 98.1667

(b) p = 32 + 63
= 95
q = 165 + 71
= 236
(c) 8.3% Cumulative
frequency

320

280

240

200

160

120

80

40

Number of
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 questions

(d) 15% of students = 300 × 0.15


= 45 students
From graph, 45 students answer 83 questions.

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Fully Worked Solutions 17

29 (a) p = 97 + 23
= 120
q = 130 − 120
= 10
(b), (c) Cumulative
frequency

140

120

100

80
Median
60

40

20

Length
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 (cm)

130
(d) Q1 = th value
4
= 32.5th value
From graph, 32.5th value = 84 cm
(e) 10% of rods are over 90th percentile.
∴ Rods has to be cut = 0.10 × 130
= 13 rods
(f) 10% of median length = 0.1 × 95
= 9.5 cm
Maximum length = 95 + 9.5
= 104.5 cm
Minimum length = 95 – 9.5
= 85.5 cm
(g) From graph, the number of rods to be marked = 90 – 35
= 55 rods

30 (a) 50 (from graph)


(b) 90 − 50 = 40 (from graph)
150
(c) Median = th value
2
= 75 th value
= 6.3 minutes

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18 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

(d) 0.4 × 150 = 60th value


∴ m = 5.5
(e)

Time Frequency
4t<6 37
6t<8 47
8  t < 10 28

31

Amperes f x x − 13 fx
10  x < 11 8 10.5 −3 −24
11  x < 12 22 11.5 −2 −44
12  x < 13 33 12.5 −1 −33
13  x < 14 25 13.5 0 0
14  x < 15 9 14.5 1 9
15  x < 16 2 15.5 2 2
16  x < 17 1 16.5 3 1

Σfx
x=
Σf
−89
=
100
= −0.89
y = x + 13.5
= 12.61
Median = 50th value
12
= 12 + (1)
33
= 12.364

11
Mode = 12 + (1)
19
= 12.579
This distribution is positively skewed.

32 (a) Draft
3 8 3 9
4 1 4 8 3 8 6 9 7 9
5 3 5 7 0 3 0 6 1 5 0 2 1 2

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Fully Worked Solutions 19

Final

3 3
3 8 9
4 1 3 4
4 6 7 8 8 9 9
5 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3
5 5 5 6 7

Key = 4|1 means 41 000 kg

25 + 1
(b) Q2 = th value
4
= 13th value
= 50 000 kg
25 + 1
Q1 = th value
4
= 6.5th value
44 000 + 46 000
=
2
= 45 000 kg

3 ( 25 + 1)
Q3 = th value
4
= 19.5th value
52 000 + 53 000
=
2
= 52 500 kg

IQR = 52 500 – 45 000


= 7500 kg

∑x
(c) x =
n
1 210 000
=
25
= 48 400 kg
∑ x2
σ2 = − x2
n
59 418 000 000
= − (48 400)2
25
= 34 160 000 kg
σ = 5844.6557 kg

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20 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

(d)

30 35 40 50 60
103 kilograms

(e) The data is negatively skewed. 33 000 kg is an outlier.

33 (a) Frequency

Time
(minutes)
0 5 10 15 20

The data is negatively skewed.

∑ fx
(b) x =
∑f
269
=
22
= 12.227
22
−7
Median = 11 + 2 (14 − 11)
8
= 12.5

4
Mode = 11 + (14 − 11)
4+5
= 12.333
Mean < median justifies that the skewness is negative.

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Fully Worked Solutions 21

34 (a) The level of metal dust lie between 174.5 and 179.5 mg m–3 occured in 11 days.
(b)
Metal dust level Frequency, f Midpoint, x y = x – 187 fy fy2
170 – 174 8 172 −15 −120 1800
175 – 179 11 177 −10 −110 1100
180 – 184 25 182 −5 −125 625
185 – 189 22 187 0 0 0
190 – 194 15 192 5 75 375
195 – 199 7 197 10 70 700
200 – 204 2 202 15 30 450

∑ f = 90 ∑ fy = −180 ∑ fy 2 = 5050

Σfy
Mean, y =
Σf
−180
=
90
= −2
Σfy 2
s y2 = − y2
Σf
5050
= − ( −2) 2
90
= 52.1111
s y = 52.1111
= 7.2188

(c) Cumulative
frequency

100

80
Q3
60
Q2
40
Q1
20

Metal dust
5

.5

level
9.

4.

9.

4.

9.

4.

4.
9
16

17

17

18

18

19

19

20

Median = 184.7

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22 ACE AHEAD Mathematics (T) Third Term

90
Q1 = th value
4
= 22.5 th value
= 180.25
3 (90)
Q3 =
4
= 67.5 th value
= 190
IQR = Q3 − Q1
= 190 − 180.25
= 9.75

(d) At 198 mg m−3, the cumulative frequency is 86. The percentage of days for which the
90 − 86
workplace is considered unsafe = × 100%
90
= 4.4%
35 x = School candidates
y = Private candidates
nx = 25 , x = 55, σ x = 4
ny = 5 , y = 40, σ y = 5
Σx
x=
nx
Σx = 25 × 55
= 1375
Σx 2
σ x2 = − x2
nx
Σx 2 = nx (σ x2 + x 2 )
= 25(16 + 55 2 )
= 76 025
Σy
y=
ny
Σy = 40 × 5
= 200
Σy 2
σ 2y = − y2
ny
Σy 2 = ny (σ 2y + y 2 )
= 5( 25 + 40 2 )
= 8125

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Fully Worked Solutions 23

Σx + Σy
Overall mean =
nx + ny
1375 + 200
=
25 + 5
= 52.5
Σx 2 + Σy 2
σ2 = − 52.52
nx + ny
76 025 + 8125
= − 52.52
30
= 48.75
σ = 48.75
= 6.9821

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