Emergency Response

Plan__Integration of ONSITE-OFFSITE
EMERGENCY PLANS

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WHY ERP ?
• Till Bhopal Accident, Much Thought was not given to
Chemical Emergencies
• Though in other countries Considerable Advances were
made
• Even Western Industry started reviewing and consolidating
their views /approaches/ implementations

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 Learnings of Bhopal Chemical Plant
Disaster

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From Company Side
• Emergency Consequences were
– not adequately identified
– not estimated
• An emergency response plan was available as a routine-
• never updated
• nor familiarised with plant personnel

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From Public Authorities Side

• Emergency Plan not on record-

-not known to authorities
• No Clarity of Emergency Consequence
• No clarity of Role of Administration /
– Local Authorities
• No coordination or contingency approach, if an
emergency occurred
• No link between authority and industry

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Public
• Never knew about such an impending emergency from a
Chemical Plant
• Never knew consequences
• Never knew about their role in case of such emergency

• Situation Was A Bolt From Blue For All

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LEGAL PROVISIONS

For facing any emergency in most orderly and

disciplined manner and to create a strongly operating
mechanism, It is essential to derive a “On–Site
Emergency Plan” and ‘Off–Site Emergency Plan” as
mentioned under various statutes.

(A) Factories Act, 1948 and State Rules made there

under:

Under Section 41- (B) (i) and (iv), Compulsory
disclosure of information by the Occupier.

Under Rules under Factories Act, preparation of “On –
Site Emergency Plan” by the Occupier.

Contd…
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4 Phases of Emergency Management
Emergency Management Plans usually cover 4 areas:
• Prevention
• Preparedness
• Response
• Recovery

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TYPES OF EMERGENCY
SITUATIONS

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 CONSEQUENCES
• PRIMARY / SECONDARY

– CASCADING

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METHODOLOGY-ONSITE EMERGENCY MITIGATION

Planning
IDENTIFY SITUATIONS

ASSESS SITUATIONS FOR CONSEQUENCES (PROBABILITY

IS NO MATTER AT THIS STAGE)

ONSITE / OFF SITE EMERGENCY ORGANISATION

EMERGENCY FACILITIES

EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONEMERGENCY ACTIONS (FOR

EACH SITUATION ANTICIPATED)-By Each Designated Person
or Authority

TRAINING OF PERSONS IN RESPECTIVE RESPONSIBILITIES

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 PLANNING

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WHY PLAN ?
• INCREASING THINKING ACCURACY

• MINIMISING REACTION TIME

• INTENDED REACTION

• POOLING UP OF RESOURCES

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 Consequences Estimation

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Outcome

• Outcome of chemical accidents can be broadly

categorized as fire, explosion and toxic release/
structural failure/trapped or burried under debris

• COMBINATION OF ABOVE

AREA LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED

TOXIC RELEASE

FIRE / EXPLOSION
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 EMERGENCY FACILITIES

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EMERGENCY CONTROL CENTRE

• GATE ?
• ALTERNATE ?
• CRITERIA ?

• IDENTIFIED AS ECC

• ACCESSIBILITY

• FACILITIES AT ECC

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 Safe Zone

Contamination Reduction Corridor

ECC

Decontamination

Area

Contamination
Area Access
Control
Points
In & Out
Hot Zone
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ASSEMBLY POINTS

QUALITIES OF ASSEMBLY POINT

RESPONSIBILITIES AT ASSEMBLY POINT

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MUTUAL AID
IDENTIFICATION
RESPONSIBILITIES
RESOURCE SHARING
SERVICE SHARING

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Emergency response Plan Elements

A. INFORMATION ABOUT SITE
B. COMMUNICATION PLAN
C. FIRE SERVICES PLAN
D. MEDICAL SERVICES PLAN
E. SAFETY PLAN
F. SECURITY PLAN
G. Evacuation & Rehabilitation plan.
H. Mutual Aid plan.
I. Awareness and Mock drill plan.
J. Documentation plan.
K. Defining key personnel and fixing responsibility / authority.

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Thank You…..

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