INTERACTION DESIGN CLASS PROJECT

DATA
COLLECTION
AND
VISUALIZATION
Made and Presented by:
Shounak Das Mayank Nagwanshi
Piyush Oram Pratyush Praveen
INTRODUCTION
In this short presentation, we'll
discuss what data is, how we collect
it, and how we can visualize it. The
previous groups covered data
collection processes extensively, so
our main focus will be on making
data more understandable through
visualization. This session aims to
provide a straightforward
exploration of data and highlight the
importance of visualizing it for
better insights and decision-making.
WHAT IS
DATA ?
Data refers to a collection of
facts, statistics, or information
that can be in various forms,
such as numbers, text, images,
or multimedia.

Data can be raw and

unprocessed, and it becomes
valuable when it is organized,
analyzed, and interpreted to
extract meaning or insights.
 Ways to collect data!
01 Surveys and
Questionnaires
Surveys involve asking a set of
questions to a sample of
individuals to gather information
about their opinions, experiences,
or characteristics. These can be
conducted in person, over the
phone, via mail, or online.
02 Interviews
Interviews involve direct,
one-on-one conversations
with individuals or groups
to collect information.
Interviews can be
structured (using a fixed
set of questions) or
unstructured (open-ended
discussions).
 Observations
03 Data can be collected by
04 Experimental data collection
observing and recording
behaviors, events, or phenomena.
This method is often used in fields
like anthropology, psychology,
and market research.
Document Analysis
05 This method involves analyzing
06
existing documents, records, or
archives to gather data. It's often
used in historical research,
content analysis, and policy
analysis.
Experiments
involves controlling and
manipulating variables to study
cause-and-effect relationships.
Experiments are common in
scientific research and can be
conducted in controlled
laboratory settings or real-world
environments.
Social Media and Web
Data Mining
Data can be collected from social
media platforms and websites
using web scraping or data mining
techniques to gather information
about trends, sentiment, and user
behavior.
 Case Studies Focus Groups
07 Case studies involve an in-depth
08 Focus groups involve small groups
analysis of a single subject or a of individuals discussing a specific
small number of subjects to gain topic or product. It's a qualitative
detailed insights. This method is data collection method used in
common in psychology, business, market research and product
and social sciences. development.

Phone and Email Surveys Biological Sampling

09 These methods involve using
10 In fields like ecology and
phone calls or email to collect environmental science, data can
data from respondents, and they be collected by taking biological
are often used in market research samples from ecosystems, such as
and customer feedback. soil, water, or organisms.
WHAT IS
DATA
VISUALIZATION?
Data visualization is a powerful
tool for presenting data in a
way that is easily
understandable and can reveal
insights and patterns that
might be less apparent in raw
data.
 Why is Data
Visualisation Important?
Enhanced
01 Understanding
02
Visualizing data makes it
easier for both experts
and non-experts to grasp
complex information
quickly. Visual
representations can
simplify intricate datasets,
allowing for more intuitive
comprehension.
Effective
Communication
Visualizations facilitate
clear and concise
communication of data-
driven insights. They
make it easier to convey
findings and share
information with others,
leading to more effective
decision-making.

03 Pattern Recognition 04
Visualizations can reveal
patterns and trends in
data that might be less
apparent when examining
raw numbers. This aids in
identifying opportunities
and potential issues.
05 Storytelling 06
Data visualizations can be
used to tell a compelling
data-driven story. This is
particularly valuable in
data journalism, business
presentations, and
reports.
Identification of
Anomalies
Visualization makes it
easier to spot outliers or
anomalies in data, which
can be significant for
quality control, fraud
detection, or anomaly
detection in various fields.
Decision Making
Data visualization plays a
crucial role in informed
decision-making across
various domains,
including business,
healthcare, finance, and
public policy. It helps
stakeholders make more
data-driven and effective
decisions.
Different Ways to
Visualise Data
01 BAR
CHARTS
Bar charts are used to compare
categories of data by showing
the length of bars. They are
effective for comparing data
across different categories and
are available in various forms,
including clustered, stacked,
and grouped bar charts.
02 LINE
CHARTS
Line charts are useful for
displaying data that changes
over a continuous interval or
time. They connect data points
with lines, making them
suitable for showing trends and
patterns.
.
03 SCATTER
PLOTS
Scatter plots display individual
data points as dots on a two-
dimensional graph. They are
useful for showing the
relationship between two
variables and identifying
correlations or outliers.
04 PIE
CHARTS
Pie charts represent parts of a
whole by dividing a circle into
segments. They are suitable for
displaying the composition of a
data set but can be less
effective than other charts for
comparing data.
05 AREA
CHARTS
Area charts are similar to line
charts but represent the area
below the line, making them
useful for displaying cumulative
data or stacked data, such as
market share over time.
06 HISTOGRAMS

Histograms are used to display

the distribution of a single
variable, typically showing the
frequency or probability of
values within predefined
intervals (bins).
07 GANTT
CHARTS
Gantt charts are used to
visualize project schedules and
timelines, showing tasks, their
start and end dates, and
dependencies.
08 RADAR
CHARTS
Radar charts display
multivariate data on a two-
dimensional graph with multiple
axes radiating from a central
point. They are used to
compare the performance of
different categories across
multiple variables.
However, even
these graphs and
charts need to be
designed properly.
01 CROWDED PIE
CHARTS
Pie charts are best used when there are
2-3 items that make up a whole. Any
more than that, and it’s difficult for the
human eye to distinguish between the
parts. of a circle.
Notice how it’s hard to distinguish the
size of these parts.
Is “China” bigger than “Other”?
It’s hard for our eyes to tell the
difference. Instead, replace this with a
bar chart:
02 HORIZONTAL
BAR
CHARTS
Horizontal bar charts suffer
from the same issue as pie
charts: once there are too many
categories, you run out of space
to include text and it becomes
hard to digest:
 MULTI-COLOURED
03 BAR CHARTS
The first bar chart might look pretty,
and you might be wondering “what’s
wrong with it?”

The more colors you use, the less

.
comprehensible the visualization will
be. More colors = more categories the
brain must process. There is a better
way to use colours.
 MULTI-COLOURED
03 BAR CHARTS
Colors allow us to highlight whatever
information we want.
If we wanted to highlight the country
with the biggest CO2 emissions, we can
use red vs. grey:
.
Notice how China immediately sticks
out and we get the point across.
Other times, it’s a good idea to use
multiple shades of the same color.
04 3-D BAR
GRAPHS
Studies have shown that 3D rendering
can negatively affect graph
comprehension. It might be tempting to
be creative and ‘3D’ your graphs, but
there. are better ways to get creative.
 CONCLUSION

Data visualization is an indispensable tool in today's

data-driven world. It transforms raw data into
valuable insights, making it easier for people to
understand and act upon the information. By
choosing the right visualization method and avoiding
common pitfalls, we can effectively communicate
data and empower data-driven decision-making.