CARGO CALCULATIONS

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 PRINCIPLES

Archimedes principle: Every floating body displaces its own

weight of the liquid in which it floats.
Displacement is the volume of water the vessel displaces.

Light displacement is the actual weight of a vessel when

complete and ready for service but empty.

Deadweight is the actual amount of weight in tonnes that a vessel

can carry when loaded to the maximum permissible draught
(includes fuel, fresh water, gear supplies, cargo and crew).

Full displacement is the total weight of the vessel.

Deadweight = Full displacement - Light displacement

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There are only two simple rules used in cargo calculation:

Deadweight = Full displacement – light displacement

Cargo Volume = Cargo weight x Stowage Factor

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LIST
when a vessel is inclined by forces within the vessel.

HEEL
when a vessel is inclined by an external force.

A list/Heel reduces the stability of the vessel.

When a list/Heel occurred correction should be made.

LOLL
The term “LOLL” describes the state of a vessel which is unstable when upright and
which floats at an angle from the upright to one side or the other. If an external
force, e.g. a wave or wind, changes this state, the vessel will float at the same angle
to the other side.

Loll is quite different from list or heel as it is caused by different circumstances

and requires different counter-measures to correct. Therefore, most important, that
officers are able to distinguish between these terms.

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 Example (1)
In your ship there is a Cargo hold 10 x 8.5 x 4.2 m having dunnage spread regularly over the floor of the hold at a height
of 20 cm, and the side battens are at 12.5 cm from the shell plating on each side.
The hold was loaded with 10000 boxes of lead each measuring 35 x 15 x 10 cm, and it was also loaded with 4000 barrels
of paint each of 55 cm high and 30cm diameter; if the broken stowage for the barrels of paint in the hold was 5% of the
barrels volume.
Calculate the remaining hold's volume to load number of cases knowing that S.F. of cases is 2 m3/ton and each 4 cases
weight is one tonne, “Assuming that there in no broken stowage for the box of lead”.
Answer (1)
Hold breadth = 8.5 - 0.25 = 8.25 m
Hold depth = 4.2 - 0.20 = 4.00 m.
Hold length = 10 m.
Hold capacity(Volume) = 10 x 8.25 x 4 = 330 m3
Volume of lead box = 0.35 x 0.15 x 0.10 = 0.00525 m3
Volume of total lead boxes = 0.00525 x 10000 = 52.5 m3
Volume of barrel = 3.14 x 0.15 x 0.15 x 0.55 = 0.0388 m3
Volume of barrels = 0.0388x 4000 = 155.43 m3
Barrels broken stowage = 155.43 x 0.05 = 7.77 m3
Hold capacity occupied by cargoes and broken Stowage= 52.5 + 155.43 + 7.77 = 215.7 m3
Hold remaining volume = 330 - 215.7 = 114.3 m3
Mass of cases require to load = 114.3 / 2 = 57 tones
Number of cases = 57 x 4 = 228 case

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 Example(1-1)
In your ship there is a Cargo hold 10 x 10.3 x 7.3 m having dunnage spread regularly over the floor of the hold at a
height of 30cm, and the side battens are at 15 cm from the shell plating on each side.
The hold was loaded with 15000 boxes of lead each measuring 35 x 25 x 10 cm, and it was also loaded with 6000 barrels
of paint each of 60 cm high and 20 cm diameter; if the broken stowage for the barrels of paint in the hold was 7% of the
barrels volume.
Calculate the remaining hold's volume to load number of cases knowing that S.F. of cases is 3 m3/ton and each 5 cases
weight is one tonne, “Assuming that there in no broken stowage for the box of lead”.
Answer (1-1)
Hold breadth = 0.30 – 10.3 = 10m
Hold depth = 0.3 – 7.3 = 7m.
Hold length = 10 m.
Hold capacity(Volume) = 10 x 10 x 7 = 700m3
Volume of lead box = 0.35 x 0.25 x 0.1 = 0.00875m3
Volume of total lead boxes = 0.00875x 15000 = 131.25m3
Volume of barrel = 3.14 x 0.1 x 0.1 x 0.6 = 0.01884m3
Volume of barrels = 0.01884 x 6000 = 113.04m3
Barrels broken stowage = 113.04 x .0.07 = 7.9128m3
Hold capacity occupied by cargoes and broken Stowage= 7.9128 + 113.04 + 131.25 = 252.2028m3
Hold remaining volume = 252.2028 - 700 = 447.7972m3
Mass of cases require to load = 447.7972 / 3 = 149tones
Number of cases = 149.2657333333333 x 5 = 746case

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 Example(1-2)
In your ship there is a Cargo hold 20 x 12.5 x 6.4 m having dunnage spread regularly over the floor of the hold at a height
of 40 cm, and the side battens are at 25 cm from the shell plating on each side.
The hold was loaded with 20000 boxes of lead each measuring 30 x 20 x 15cm, and it was also loaded with 3000 barrels
of paint each of 70cm high and 50cm diameter; if the broken stowage for the barrels of paint in the hold was 5% of the
barrels volume.
Calculate the remaining hold's volume to load number of cases knowing that S.F. of cases is 2 m3/ton and each 8 cases
weight is one tonne, “Assuming that there in no broken stowage for the box of lead”.
Answer (1-2)

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 Example(2)
You are going to load your ship with 1200 tonne of general cargo, knowing that, the cargo S.F. is 2 m3/ton, if the broken
stowage for the cargo in the hold was 5% and the hold’s volume was 4400 m3. Calculate the remaining hold's volume.

Answer (2)
Volume of 1200 tonne = 1200 x 2 = 2400 m3
Cargo broken stowage = (2400 x 5)/100 = 120 m3
Cargo volume = 2400 + 120 = 2520 m3
Remaining hold’s volume = 4400 - 2520 = 1880 m3

Example (2-1)
You are going to load your ship with 2300 tonne of general cargo, knowing that, the cargo S.F. is 2 m3/ton, if the broken
stowage for the cargo in the hold was 6% and the hold’s volume was 5800 m3. Calculate the remaining hold's volume.
Answer (2-1)

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 Example(3)
1. Your box ship can hold 7540tons. It was loaded with 430tons of Fuel, 47 tons of FW, and 35tons for deferent appliances.
It has 3 cargo holds, each hold’s volume as follows:
(Hold#1)1960m3
(Hold#2) 4657m3
(Hold#3) 1934m3
Calculate the total volume of Coal bulk cargo that your ship can load and how many tons in each hold?

Answer (3)
Total Coal weight = 7540-512 = 7028tons

Total Coal volume = 1960+4657+1934 = 8551m3

Coal weight in hold #1 = (1960/8551) x7028 = 1610.90866565314tons

Coal weigh tin hold #2 =
(4657/8551) x7028 = 3827.551865278915tons

Coal weight in hold #3 (1934/8551) x7028 1589.539469067945tons

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 Example(3)
Another Answer

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 Example(3)

Another Answer*

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 Example(3)
Another Answer**

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 Example(4)
1. A vessel of 4500 tons deadweight; has onboard 400 tons of fuel, 200 tons of water, and 200 tons of stores.
2. She has four holds of capacities as follows:
3. No.1: 1300 cu.m
4. No.2: 1880 cu.m
5. No.3: 1900 cu.m
6. No.4: 1490 cu.m
It is required to load grain, stowed at 1.45 m3 / ton, and bales of cotton stowed at 2.35 m3 / ton.
Calculate how much of each commodity can loaded, if the vessel will be down to her marks and full to her capacity.
Answer (4) Ship total DW: 3700t Ship total V: 6570
G S.F 1.45 m3 / t
Bc S.F 2.35 m3 / t
X for G Y for Bc
X+Y=3700 ………..………………..….1
1.45X+2.35Y=6570 …..……….……..2
1.45 ‫) ف‬1( ‫بضرب معادلة‬
1.45X+1.45Y=5365 …………….….…3
2 ‫ من‬3 ‫بطرح المعادلة‬
0.9Y= 1205
Y=1338.9
)1( ‫بالتعويض معادلة‬
X=3700-1338.9=2361.1t
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 Example(4-1)
A vessel has 8400 tons deadweight; she has onboard 750 tons of fuel, 250 tons of water and 200 tons of stores.
She has four holds of capacities as follows:
No.1: 1500 m3 No.2: 2500 m3
No.3: 2500 m3 No.4: 1500 m3
It is required to load paper reels stowed at 0.5 m3 / ton and butter cases stowed at 1.5 m3 / ton.

Answer (4-1)

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