Computer Communications 158 (2020) 32–38

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Computer Communications
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/comcom

Intelligent algorithm of geotechnical test data based on Internet of Things

Yawei Ma ∗, Guihong Guo
School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, China

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Keywords: In the geotechnical engineering geological survey industry, geotechnical test data is the basic data for analyzing
Internet of Things and evaluating geotechnical engineering geology, forming reports, graphics, and survey reports. It plays an
Geotechnical tests important role in the calculation of the bearing capacity, deformation calculation and physical and mechanical
Intelligent algorithms
characteristics of the foundation soil. The purpose of this article is to solve the problems of tedious, inefficient
Data analysis
and error-prone data collection, processing and analysis of geotechnical test data in the geotechnical and
geological surveying industry of geotechnical engineering. By using the BP neural algorithm and selecting the
intelligent algorithm, the SVM is used to solve the sample problem. The algorithm establishes an intelligent
algorithm for geotechnical test data based on the Internet of Things. Then take the geological characteristics
of the Ganjiang River Basin as an example, analyze the geotechnical test data to verify the feasibility of the
intelligent algorithm for data analysis. The research results show that the algorithm realizes the automatic
collection and processing of geotechnical test data, reduces the tester’s workload and the influence of human
factors on the test results, makes up for the shortcomings of traditional acquisition algorithm hardware fixation,
and solves the problem of simultaneous multitasking. Difficult problems have promoted the development of
innovative experiments.

1. Introduction
At present, China’s computer information technology industry is
developing rapidly. Effectively realize the mutual communication and
information exchange between all kinds of people and things and
people, people and things and things and things [1]. The rapid rise
of the Internet of Things will also once again promote the continuous
and rapid growth of industry data. For many data industries, this
is not only a more severe market challenge, but also undoubtedly
a more valuable development opportunity. The Internet of Things is
profoundly changing the daily habits and working lifestyles of modern
people [2]. The future of the Internet will consist of a variety of
heterogeneous interconnected physical device networks. These network
devices will further connect and extend the real-world network bound-
aries through these physical network entities and other virtual network
components [3]. The Internet of Things (IoT) will provide technical
support for all IoT applications of mobile internet through these new
functions. The current major revolution of the Internet, mobile and
intelligent machine-to-mobile machine (m2m) information technology
can be seen as the first new phase of the Internet of Things [4]. It also
plays an important role in the analysis and calculation of geological
bearing capacity, deformation strength calculation, and description of
physical and mechanical geological characteristics of building founda-
tion soils [5]. Many features of the Internet of Things, including the
mobile Internet of Things with a large user scale, the high level of mu-
tual heterogeneity of devices and application networks, and the large
number of network events spontaneously and automatically generated
by these things, will promote future diversified network applications
and The process of designing and developing network services has
become a difficult technical task [6]. In general, middleware can sim-
plify the development process by integrating heterogeneous computing
and communication devices and supporting interoperability in various
applications and services [7].
In many geotechnical chemical engineering and geotechnical test
survey technology industries, the analysis of geotechnical test measure-
ment data is an extremely important one to assist geotechnical chemical
engineers to carry out survey analysis, evaluation and evaluation of
geological surveys, forming geological reports, graphics and geological
survey test reports Basic technical data [8]. Geotechnical measure-
ment parameters in rock and soil usually have significant probability
uncertainty, which is often treated as a random variable parameter
in probability analysis. Various probabilistic changes of geotechnical
structural parameters are estimated and quantitatively analyzed by data
analysis in the application laboratory [9]. The quality of geotechnical
test analysis data is highly discrete, and the number is generally small,
but it contains a lot of historical and technical information that can
be fully utilized [10]. The estimation includes geotechnical treatment

∗ Corresponding author at: School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China.
E-mail addresses: mayw@lzu.edu.cn (Y. Ma), ggh7941@edu.com (G. Guo).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2020.04.028
Received 26 January 2020; Received in revised form 20 March 2020; Accepted 14 April 2020
Available online 18 April 2020
0140-3664/© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Y. Ma and G. Guo
engineering and monitoring of the geological settlement conditions of
civil land area, which are important components of the design of the
tunnel pile foundation structure and the calculation of the pile capacity
and geological settlement depth [11]. Determining the characteristics
of the measured site Soil moisture measurement characteristics Site
curve measurement is an indispensable step for implementing soil fluid
dynamics of non-saturated sites in the practice of site geotechnical
engineering technology, which can be performed through various sites
and/or This kind of laboratory field test directly performs site measure-
ment [12]. However, due to the various high standards of measurement
equipment and program control and the strict restrictions imposed
on the equipment by automatic test machines, this direct method
of measurement is both expensive and time-consuming [13]. Intelli-
gent algorithm is a computational science method based on people’s
continuous learning from the whole nature, imitating the structural
and physiological habits of other organisms in nature [14]. Such as
simulated neural network, genetic algorithm, simulated annealing intel-
ligent algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm technology, intelligent
algorithms supporting multiple vector computers and groups [15].
The swarm insect intelligence algorithm is usually inspired by some
computer scientists who are directly inspired by the swarm insect
algorithm. It is generated by intelligent simulation analysis of different
social population insects [16].
In this paper, a combination of natural particle radiation image
metrology and velocimetry control technology (piv) and close-up
stereoscopic image measurement velocimetry technology is developed
to develop a set of applications for natural rocky soil physical soil
modeling using natural synthetic transparent concrete technology. The
results show that Compared with the modeling of natural synthetic
soil [17]. Through the model test of typical geotechnical centrifugal
force, Luo deeply studied the direct influence of the stress gradient
of sandy soil slope and the moisture content of typical soil on the
deformation stability of typical sandy soil slope, and analyzed the
centrifugal force and load of typical sandy soil slope [18]. Magner
proposed a method to determine the number of samples as a function
of the coefficient of variation to fully characterize soil and rock units.
A large number of tests reduced uncertainty and increased confidence
in the results of design parameters [19]. Lingwanda uses standard
infiltration tests, static cone infiltration tests, photodynamic detection,
and laboratory manometer tests to quantify the total uncertainty in
predicting the restricted modulus of sandy soil from data from field
tests side by side [20]. Primod proposed an adaptive network fuzzy
inference algorithm for engineers to evaluate the number of survey
points, field tests and laboratory tests to correctly describe the con-
struction site, identified the best survey points in the reference case,
and determined each Optimal number of field tests and laboratory
tests [21]. Based on the analysis of nonlinear bi-level programming
problems, FAN proposed a hybrid intelligent algorithm combining
particle swarm optimization (PSO) and variable neighborhood search
(VNS). This method combines the fast search capability of PSO with
global search [22]. Grubišić proposed a detection intelligent algorithm
that combines motion detection, edge detection, spectrum analysis and
motion shape analysis algorithms to match to improve the detection
rate and reduce the false alarm rate [23]. Wang proposed a remote
intelligent fault diagnosis algorithm based on wireless networks. A
data transmission method based on wireless network is analyzed, and
an intelligent fault diagnosis scheme based on Bayesian network is
proposed [24]. Mazin solves cloud security issues by using genetic
algorithms as intelligent algorithms for the wall to provide secure cloud
data. All services provided by the cloud must detect who receives and
registers it in order to create a user list based on behavior [25].
This article’s main current scientific research technology field
knowledge content can be roughly divided into five basic knowledge
parts: Chapter I The main content of this part is the current relevant sci-
entific research technology field content introduction, the current basic
scientific research basic technology The purpose and important techni-
cal significance and an in-depth analysis of the current development
33
Computer Communications 158 (2020) 32–38
status of relevant scientific research and technology fields, correspond-
ing to the theoretical introduction of the mobile Internet of Things,
geochemical engineering, and intelligent algorithms, and the current
geotechnical experiments and human intelligence algorithms. Based on
the comprehensive analysis of the data quality in the geotechnical sam-
ple detection in the reservoir area, and the simultaneous analysis and
comparison with the current foagrnn and fobpnn algorithms to fully
verify the current svm intelligent algorithm’s high standard accuracy
application characteristics for small-scale sample detection training.
The fourth part is mainly an in-depth study of related experiments and
a comprehensive analysis of the results. Through the introduction of
the above tests, we understand how the parameters such as maximum
dry density, clay content and powder content, limit moisture content,
and specific gravity are measured through experiments. The fifth part
is the conclusion, which is the summary and recommendations of this
article, and the summary of the results of the article.
2. Proposed method
2.1. Geotechnical testing method
Geotechnical engineering construction site survey as a technical
basis for geotechnical engineering design and planning construction,
according to the current technical requirements of geotechnical en-
gineering construction, the specific geological conditions and current
geotechnical conditions in the key areas of geotechnical engineering
construction Geotechnical testing of the state of the project can be
used to obtain a large number of scientific and reasonable geotechnical
testing data reports, which provide favorable testing data for the entire
process of geotechnical engineering construction testing. And timely
formulate and improve the corresponding policy solutions to ensure the
smooth progress of geotechnical protection engineering construction in
scenic spots.
Test range of permeability coefficient Test method the range of
soil permeability coefficient is 10–1 ∼ 10–8 cm/s. The test method
of permeability coefficient in the standard is generally divided into
the method with normal head and the method with variable head.
The reservoir area design standard of the Xiajiang River to increase
the permeability coefficient of the drainage area of the reservoir area
requires 10–4 cm/s.
The following is a brief introduction to the on-site analysis and
sampling preparation method of the permeability coefficient of the
transformer water head flushing method: firstly prepare the entire 500
cm3 ring-edged soil knife, Vaseline, pick, soil cutter, hammer, etc.;
apply a small amount of Vaseline solution to the 500 cm3 ring-shaped
knife. The inner wall side of the knife can increase the welding lubricity
of the soil sample and the whole ring knife after being painted, so that
it can easily enter and exit from the whole ring knife. Use a pick or a
knife to plan the ring-shaped soil sample that has occupied 20 cm of
the measuring point surface. Use a ring hammer to knock the soil with
a ring-shaped cover into the soil with a ring cutter at a constant speed.
The compaction test method is used to analyze and determine the
correlation between the trunk density and the water content of the
soil in the project, so as to determine the maximum trunk density
and ensure the optimal water content of the soil. There are two main
methods of compaction test on compaction test: light compaction and
heavy compaction. The difference between light compaction and heavy
compaction is based on the maximum particle size of the soil in the
project.
The particle size analysis test method is a test method for determin-
ing the percentage of the total particle mass of the soil in various grain
groups in the dry soil. An example is used to illustrate the reasonable
distribution and gradation of the particle size of the dry soil. User
classification and grading outlines are used to judge the nature of
the construction work of the soil and to select the soil. In the test
specifications, according to the soil particles and their gradation, it is
Y. Ma and G. Guo
divided into: sieve analysis method, density meter method, pipette sieve
analysis method and a combination of several test methods.
Absolute mass specific gravity of soil particles The mass ratio of soil
particles refers to the absolute specific gravity of pure water and soil
when the mass of soil particles is the same as the volume of concrete
particles when the temperature of the water concrete is constant at
105 ∼ 110 ◦ C to 200 ◦ C. Grain mass absolute weight ratio.
The liquid limit refers to the limit that the fine-grained soil material
as a whole is in a semi-completely plastic overall state. The upper
limit of the volume part is the excessive water content, and the plastic
limit refers to the limit that the fine-grained soil is in a non-semi-
plastic overall state. The lower limit of the volume part is excessive
water content, and the shrinkage limit refers to the overall state of
the fine-grained soil from semi-plastic to a solid state. The water
continues to over-evaporate and the water continues to shrink into a
solid boundary volume without excessive shrinkage. Moisture content
where the overall state is not within limits.
2.2. BP Neural network
Hierarchical learning processing of bp artificial neural network is a
learning processing algorithm of artificial neural network. Its network
structure is a hierarchical artificial neural network composed of three
layers of neural input end layer, middle layer and output end. The basic
physical structure of the bp artificial neural network is mainly com-
posed of an input network layer, an intermediate layer, and an output
terminal. The number of influencing factors of the input variables of the
hidden input level is implied. The layer can often use s-type neurons in
the input layer, and the number of neurons in the output layer is called
the output variable. The output layer function generally uses a linear
function.
The network in grin itself has strong calculation capabilities for non-
linear typical sample optimization mapping, has a good optimization of
radial and non-flexible sample network processing structures, and has
a high degree of fault tolerance and robustness for optimized sample
mapping. The final result of the network can converge to an optimized
sample size that is densely accumulated. The sample optimization
point and the continuous regression of the sample are above, and
when the amount of data densely accumulated during the continuous
approximation of an optimized sample is relatively small, the predicted
sample effect is also better.
Matlab includes a toolbox based on bp neural network, and bp
neural network is mainly used for inversion data analysis and other
artificial intelligence algorithms. The basic steps for internship on
MATLAB are basically similar.
(1) Extract training samples: Propose training samples X, Y from the
original data, similar to SVM and FOOGRNN.
(2) Import preprocessing of normalized training data: Use the func-
tion to import a normalized training sample into the database and
perform preprocessing of the normalized import database.
(3) Initialization training bp feed-forward neural network: bp feed-
forward neural network is a feed-forward neural network. When ini-
tializing training feed-forward neural network, you must consider the
weight of the initialization neural network structure and Threshold.
(4) How to build a matlab neural network: The main calling function
of how to build a neural network is a built-in function in matlab, which
is the newff function. The main calling form of the newff function is
net = newff (p, t, s, tf, btf , blf), the specific calling parameters and
meanings are briefly introduced: p and t are two matrices of input and
output respectively, that is, the model x and y of the training sample
is selected. Special attention must be paid to the two matrices x and y
in the model. The dimensions must be exactly matched, otherwise the
training program cannot run normally; s is the node transfer function
of the hidden layer in the model. Generally, experience accumulation
can be taken into consideration.
34
Computer Communications 158 (2020) 32–38
(5) bp is the training of the neural network: after the initialization
of the weights and thresholds, the initialization of the weights of the
neural network is performed. During the initialization training, the
initialization weights and thresholds of the network are repeatedly
adjusted and performed multiple times. Modified to effectively reduce
the interference and error performance function to the network; the
performance function train used during bp training, the function call
form is Net = train (Net, Y, X); simulation test: BP neural network uses
sim Regardless of one-dimensional output or high-dimensional output,
you only need to change the corresponding matrix form. Its function is
called as follows:
(5) Intelligent algorithm bionics is an intelligent computing method
used to simulate modern biological evolution and develop bioengineer-
ing communities. Its basic design idea: based on and inspired by the
principle of bionics, using traditional and modern computer technolo-
gies and tools, to simulate biological phenomena such as neural cell
immunity, neural cell networks and the evolution of life systems, to
obtain biological information, Data processing and bionic calculations.
Because natural creatures and humans have different degrees and levels
of artificial intelligence, they must have strong self-selection and syn-
ergy in the way they evolve and the characteristics of their behaviors.
They survive in the environment through this synergy Came down.
2.3. The theoretical basis of SVM algorithm
Support model vector machine statistical learning is a new method
applied to machine statistical learning. The basic concept of statistics
is based on vapnick, which was created in the 1960s and 1970s and
continuously developed in the mid-1990s. The theory. In fact, the
statistical learning methodology of support vector machines is based on
applying the model to statistical machine learning theory. Generalized
computing power, and this method has no restrictions on the data
dimension. It is precisely because the two types of svm and svm have
such statistical reasoning characteristics. When linear classification
is performed on these two classes, the simple classification plane is
taken at a large sample distance and the small sample classification
distance between the two classes is larger. One place; when performing
non-linear classification of these two classes, because the problem of
non-linear classification distance cannot be directly solved by simple
non-linear classification surface transformation, svm can adopt high-
dimensional space transformation to classify non-linear machines the
problem is transformed into a high-dimensional space to solve the
problem of nonlinear machine classification. This machine learning
theory addresses the problem of small samples. Establish a new set
of machines learning theoretical systems. The rules of progressive
statistical machine learning inference under this new theoretical system
not only fully consider the basic requirements for the performance of
progressive vector machines, but also fully pursue the existing limited
statistical information. The best results can also be obtained under the
conditions.
When SVM is used in regression fitting analysis, the basic idea
is no longer that it needs an optimal classification hyperplane for
classification, but an optimal classification surface to minimize the
error of all training samples from the optimal classification surface.
As mentioned above, a typical classification is a problem in regres-
sion. Assume that a parameter subset for training samples is x, the value
of xi is the sample vector corresponding to the input of the sample and
the value of yi is the output value of the corresponding sample. We
can assume that in a very high-dimensional regression eigenfunction
space we can directly build a non-linear high-dimensional regression
eigenfunction:
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝜔𝜙 (𝑥) + 𝑏 (1)
Among them, 𝜙 (𝑥) is a non-linear mapping function. Linear insen-
sitive loss function:
{
0, |𝑦 − 𝑓 (𝑥) | ≤ 𝜀
𝐿 (𝑓 (𝑥) , 𝑦, 𝜀) = (2)
|𝑦 − 𝑓 (𝑥)| − 𝜀, |𝑦 − 𝑓 (𝑥) | > 𝜀
Y. Ma and G. Guo
Among them, 𝑓 (𝑥) is the predicted value returned by the regres-
sion function; 𝑦 is the corresponding real value. Similar to the SVM
classification, if the optimal hyperplane cannot completely solve the
problem, the introduction of relaxation variables requires that the
optimal hyperplane function be mathematically expressed:
‖ 2‖
‖𝑤 ‖ 𝐿
𝑚𝑖𝑛 ‖ ‖ + 𝑐𝑖=12
𝜉𝑖 + 𝜉𝑖∗ (3)
2
Solve the above formula, introduce Lagrange, function and convert
to dual form, and finally get the regression function:
∑
𝐿
( ) ( ) near the groundwater borrowing area. The overlying bedrock strata
∗ ∗
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑤 𝜙 (𝑥) + 𝑏 = 𝛼𝑖 − 𝑎∗𝑖 𝐾 𝑥1 ; 𝑥 + 𝑏∗ (4)
𝑖=1
The solution method of support vector machine is finally converted
into a quadratic programming problem with constraints. When there
are few training samples, the traditional Newton method, interior point
method, and conjugate gradient method can be used to solve it. When
there are a large number of samples, the disadvantages of traditional
algorithms become apparent. In order to reduce the computational
complexity, many support vector machine algorithms for large-scale
training samples are proposed, such as block algorithm, Osuna al-
gorithm, sequence minimum optimization algorithm, and increment
Learning algorithms and more.
3. Experiments
3.1. Geological features and sampling tests
The climate of the upper reaches of the Ganjiang River belongs to
a continental subtropical humid climate, and the eastern subtropical
monsoon region. The main climatic characteristics of the year are as
follows: more rain in spring and summer, less rainfall in autumn and
winter, shorter spring and autumn, longer winter and summer, and
spring and cold summer. Hot, cool in autumn and cold in winter, short
icing period, long frost-free period and long average sunshine time,
high relative humidity, and obvious climate change in four seasons.
Climatic situation The annual rainfall in the upper reaches of the
Ganjiang River is abundant. The average precipitation in the basin
for many years is between 1400 m and 1800 mm, and the annual
distribution of precipitation is extremely uneven. According to the
statistics of the representative meteorological stations in the upper
reaches of the Ganjiang River in the provincial meteorological bureau.
Rainstorms have been frequenting for many years in the upper
reaches of the Ganjiang River. According to the distribution of the
major rainfall stations in the Ganjiang River Basin and the average
daily stormstorm evaporation statistics measured over the years, the
maximum daily stormstorm evaporation occurred mostly from April
to September. The occurrence of heavy rains has made the heavy
rain more frequent and concentrated, and the heavy rains and heavy
typhoons that occurred in July to September mainly occurred. The
measured annual maximum daily evaporative rainfall distribution of
stations in the Ganjiang River Basin is 1294 mm ∼ 1765 mm, the
average annual temperature is between 17.2 ◦ C ∼ 19.3 ◦ C, the extreme
maximum average temperature is 41 ◦ C, and the extreme minimum
temperature is −14.3 ◦ C. Humidity is 76%∼82%, the minimum relative
humidity is 6%, the average extreme maximum wind speed distribution
for many years is 1.1 ∼ 2.9 m/s.
The alluvial soil located on the right bank of the middle reaches
of the Ganjiang River also borders the hillock plain on the right bank
of the Ganjiang River. It belongs to the low mountain plains and hilly
areas. The ground elevation is generally about 42–68 m, and the terrain
is uneven. Gantian District of Ganzhou City is surrounded by mountains
on the east, north, and west. Its terrain is generally high in the east
and low in the west. It belongs to the first-level alluvial terrace on the
right bank of the middle reaches of the Ganjiang River. The elevation of
the ground is generally 42–82 ∼ 47.18 m. Slightly tilted from north to
35
Computer Communications 158 (2020) 32–38
Table 1
Soil sample quality, etc.
Level Degree of disturbance Test content
1 Not disturb Soil classification, moisture content, density,
strength test, consolidation test
2 Slight disturbance Soil classification, moisture content, density
3 Significant disturbance Soil classification, moisture content
4 Completely disturbed Soil classification
south. There is no possibility of adverse physical and geological effects
in the field are mainly clay, sand and loose gravel alluviums formed
by the Quaternary alluvium (alq4) . The types of groundwater in the
field are mainly bedrock pores and fault diving and quaternary bedrock
formation cracks and fault diving. Bedrock pore water is mainly present
in the Quaternary loose glutenite and pebble layers. It has good water
permeability, abundant water content, shallow water depth, and some
low-lying plains are pressure-bearing. Closely. The bedrock and fault
fissure water in the borrowing area are mainly taken out and stored
in the fractures formed by the Quaternary bedrock and the fractured
zone of the bedrock formation. They receive recharge from atmospheric
precipitation and surface water in the low-lying plains. The bedrock
forms a fault fracture zone and migrates in the direction of seepage. It
is excreted in the form of spring water to rivers, lakes and low-lying
plains, and the water content is not abundant.
The quality grade of the soil sample taken shall meet the require-
ments of Table 1, as shown in Table 1.
Holes should be cleared in time before the lowering of the lowering
device, and the thickness of the residual floating soil at the bottom of
the hole should not exceed or exceed the length of the abandonment
section of the lowering device. For hard soils, it is advisable to consider
using two or triple pipe rotary earthmovers for drilling and sampling.
When you have regional experience, you can consider using heavy
chain less-hitting method for sampling. When it is necessary to take
Class 1 and 2 sand samples in the powder, sand, and sandy soil
layers, a triple-pipe as-sampling drilling drill can be considered; and
the disturbance samples in the soil breaking process can be taken from
the penetrator. Directly using the rock drilling sample extractor can be
directly made using the core during the rock drilling process.
3.2. Application of the algorithm
Currently in many SVM toolboxes, it is more widely recognized and
accepted by the public. This software package is very effective for SVM
pattern recognition and regression, and the software package uses the
results of convergence proof to improve the algorithm and achieve very
good results. There are 5 types of Libsvm: (1) C-SVC (2) nu-SVC (3)
one-class SVM (4) epsilon-SVR (5) nu-SVR.
Regardless of whether the SVM is used for classification or re-
gression problems, its basic ideas and steps include the following: (1)
Generate training and test sets (2) Data preprocessing (3) Create and
train SVM (4) Simulation tests.
Generally, from the training data, N sets of data are randomly se-
lected as training data, and the rest are used as test data. For regression
problems, the rows represent the attributes of the input samples, and
the columns represent the number of input samples. If our data is stored
in Excel or stored in a MATLAB variable in the form of a variable,
assuming the variable name is X, we only need to place the variable
in the current directory of libsvm, and the data can be read directly
with the following code.
For the regression problem, the input sample may have multiple
attributes, and the value of each attribute may not be on the same order
of magnitude. Before the training model is established, the data should
be pre-processed by normalization, so as to ensure that the weights
are not affected by the magnitude of this attribute affects the output
Y. Ma and G. Guo Computer Communications 158 (2020) 32–38

Table 2
Different model calculation parameters for each soil layer.
Soil layer 𝜇 K 𝜔
Silty clay 0.35 0.87 30%
Mucky soil 0.25 0.89 45%
Clay 0.35 0.84 36%

variable. Commonly used normalization function to normalize X, X1:

normalized variable X1PS: normalized structure [X1, X1PS] = mapmin-
max (X), Mapminmax is a function that comes with MATLAB, you can
When writing a normalization program, you do not have to use the
mapminmax function to normalize the data. It is worth mentioning that
the normalization of the data is not necessarily performed. According
to relevant data, it is possible to obtain more satisfactory output results
from the data without normalization.
Creating and training SVMs: Before creating an SVM, first determine
the model parameters. This step is the key to the SVM. For regression
problems, the key problem is to determine the optimal parameters c
and g, that is, the penalty function factor and the kernel function factor.
Cross validation is generally used. Method, first determine the search
interval of c and g, and find the c and g that are most suitable for
training data through cyclic judgment. The parameters are substituted
into the model for training. If the training result is too large or the final
prediction result is not satisfactory, you can set the parameters of the
model.
The method of parameter optimization adopts cross validation (CV,
Cross Validation). Common CV methods include Hold-out Method,
K-fold Cross Validation (K-CV), and Leave-One-Out Cross Validation.
(1) Hold-out Method: Simply put, the data is divided into two
groups, one is used as a training sample for training the model, and
the other is used as a test sample for simulation prediction. Strictly
speaking, this method is not really CV, because it does not have
cross-validation, and the simulation results are more dependent on the
grouping of the original data.
(2) K-CV: The basic idea is to use the original data for all K groups,
and each group is used as a test set, and the remaining K-1 groups are
used as training sets respectively. The number is an index for judging
performance.
(3) Leave-One-Out Cross Validation: each raw data is used as a
test sample, and the rest as test samples, so that there are as many
models as there are sets of raw data, and the average is used as an
index to determine new energy Although this method completes cross-
validation, when there are many samples, the calculation amount is too
large and the calculation time is too long.
4. Discussion
4.1. Analysis of geotechnical test data
This article selects the algorithm simulation standards commonly
used by epc equipment in Europe and the United States, uses the
epcuhf radio frequency simulation frequency band, and 96-bit coded
electronic tags as samples for algorithm simulation and simulation. The
maximum number of tags to be identified by the algorithm is 200, and
the minimum increase is 20, The increase rate of tag transmission data
is 20, and the throughput rate and the amount of tag transmission data
are simulated separately, and the correct feasibility of the algorithm
simulation design is determined. For the data of actual geotechnical de-
sign and test, the most commonly applied in practice are soil moisture
content, density, soil grain volume specific gravity, particle structure
analysis, boundary moisture content, permeability, consolidation and
triaxial compression, and More than a dozen physical and mechanical
indicators such as direct shear were used as experimental data. The data
of some geotechnical tests mainly rely on excel, as shown in Table 2:
Through the intelligent analysis of data import workflow and the
introduction of the three-axis compression intelligent algorithm, this
Fig. 1. A, B, C, D four sample processing accuracy.
Fig. 2. Comparison of test function results convergence.
paper designs and implements a series of methods and tools for seam-
lessly importing data into the geotechnical survey data results table
of the project. As shown in software block diagram 1, when the user
selects the triaxial compression geotechnical test geological survey
database and results table of a geological survey project, and the
relevant engineering information and geological survey test database
of the project, he selects the three intelligently imported three The
shaft compresses the geotechnical information and experimental geo-
logical survey data to its corresponding geological survey data table.
Taking the introduction of the triaxial compression geotechnical survey
geological survey data table as the main example, it is possible to
obtain the project related information directly from the geotechnical
information and experimental geological survey database of the project,
as well as the results table and triaxial compression engineering test
geological survey database Engineering test data information and its
related constant data information, and then you can choose the method
of intelligently importing the corresponding geological survey data of
the project, such as directly creating new, covering index constant data,
or directly adding index constant data, directly by importing the data
table. It can easily complete the acquisition and import analysis of the
indicator constant data of this project (see Fig. 1).
This algorithm fully compensates for the deficiency of the current
version of the algorithm and the geological evaluation and survey
analysis software used in geotechnical engineering that cannot import
all the same types and indicators of geotechnical test analysis data in
batches, which significantly improves the batch size of geotechnical
test data. Import accuracy and productivity. Originally, it took at least
10 days to enter the geotechnical test data to complete the workload.
Now the staff only needs a total of about 90 min of work and time to
complete the batch, making the geotechnical test data more standard,
and the error rate is almost zero. This algorithm allows all report
analysis data writing staff to be completely relieved from the tedious
work of inputting geotechnical test data, and uses its precious large
amount of work time, energy, and long project preparation period
to prepare for something more meaningful. Research and evaluation
of geological analysis software used in geotechnical engineering and
preparation of survey report analysis data.
As shown in Fig. 2, the problem of minimizing the fitness of using
the extreme point as the benchmark test function is to perform 10
independent experiments on each test function and find the optimal
value, the worst value, the average value and the basic value. The svm

36
Y. Ma and G. Guo
Fig. 3. Comparison of training set predictions with real values.
algorithm is compared with the basic bp experimental algorithm. The
function fitness of the algorithm for the test function through inde-
pendent experimental algorithms, its average value, and the optimal
value are considered to be the lowest among the three independent
experimental algorithm’s fitness and comparison results, and the effect
is the best when looking for advantages. For the unimodal function f1
(x) without continuous local step extreme points and the discontinuous
local step multimodal function f2 (x), neither the svm algorithm nor
the basic bp algorithm obtains the optimal solution through searching,
which is the global best the surrounding functions have many local
best features. They are often used to test the function’s ability to
jump out and the local optimal operation ability. The characteristics
of the random traversal of the improved multimodal function algo-
rithm greatly reduce the danger of the improved algorithm falling
into local convergence. A theoretically optimal solution is obtained
for each function, where the extreme point of the concentric circle
function is a multimodal function, and the concentric circle function
of multiple extreme points has the characteristics of extreme values as
a local function. Difficult to search. From the experimental results, this
intelligent algorithm works well, especially for big data.
4.2. Coefficient regression analysis of intelligent algorithms based on inter-
net of things
Because the analysis data of the permeability coefficient training
model in this paper is relatively small, the svm model algorithm is
mainly used to perform a parameter inversion on the permeability
coefficient model. The data comparison and analysis of the models are
performed through the combination of the foagrnn parameter inversion
algorithm and the fobprnn algorithm. The training sample x extracted
from the above comparative analysis data is substituted into the svm
permeability coefficient model of this article. Since the training data
is relatively small, if the training data is divided into two major parts:
part of the data is used as the model prediction, and part of the data
is used as Model prediction training; these two parts will seriously
affect the analysis accuracy and requirements of the data on the model.
Therefore, the 25 sets of training data plus some of them are used as
model prediction training samples, and the remaining training samples
plus some training samples are a total of 20 sets of data. As a model
prediction training sample.
Substituting the two predicted values of a corresponding simulated
training sample into a corresponding svsvm sample model and per-
forming numerical comparison on the simulated training samples can
directly obtain a prediction substituted by the actual simulated training
sample into the output value. Data comparison is performed between
the corresponding simulated training experimental sample prototype
and the corresponding real training sample predicted output value, that
is, the two predicted values of the real training sample and the two real
values are respectively numerically compared and analyzed to analyze
the accuracy of the SVM model. As shown in Fig. 3, it can be seen from
the above figure that the model obtained by the SVM substituting the
training samples into the model has a very high accuracy and can well
meet our requirements .
37
Computer Communications 158 (2020) 32–38
The test sample is substituted into the SVM simulation function
to obtain the output value of the prediction sample. If the original
prediction sample does not have a corresponding true value, the pre-
diction value output by the model is not compared. Then, only the
empty vector of the corresponding dimension needs to be input when
entering Yes, The 32 sets of original data are used as training samples
for training in the BP neural network model, and 16 sets of samples are
selected as the test samples of the model to determine and analyze the
accuracy of the calculation of the next set of models and the accuracy
of the experimental values. Among them, the bp algorithm uses the
parameter settings: the number of iterations is 100 times, the average
value of the learning rate is 0.1, and the error is 10–6. Some other
types of parameters use the default values.is 10–6. Some other types of
parameters use the default values (see Fig. 4).
Fully understand that bp belongs to neural networkThe training for
small samples is the same as the FOAGRNN algorithm, and the results
are not very satisfactory, indicating that they have high requirements
for the number of training data, and the BP algorithm, when the train-
ing samples are relatively small, the algorithm has good stability, and
the parameter settings have a large For empirical purposes, different
parameters should be set according to different data.
5. Conclusions
(1) This paper introduces an effective data preprocessing technology
that performs conceptual layering on discrete data, and mines the as-
sociation rules of the database preprocessed by the algorithm, ensuring
that the association rule mining algorithm can be used locally. And
overall can mine more accurate strong association rules.
(2) The main method of geotechnical engineering survey is geotech-
nical engineering survey and geotechnical test. The test results will
directly determine the results of geotechnical engineering survey and
the quality of geotechnical engineering construction process. In order
to solve the problems existing in the geotechnical test, the quality of
the geotechnical test must be improved, so as to guarantee the quality
of the geotechnical engineering investigation and the progress of the
geotechnical engineering.
(3) Based on the Internet of Things and intelligent algorithms, com-
bined with sensors and Advantech acquisition cards and other hardware
equipment, develop a geotechnical test data acquisition algorithm.
Through experimental verification, the algorithm is simple to operate,
convenient to maintain, highly open, and reliable. Practicality.
(4) The algorithm realizes the automatic collection and process-
ing of geotechnical test data, reduces the tester’s workload and the
influence of human factors on the test results, makes up the short-
comings of the traditional acquisition algorithm hardware fixation,
and solves the problem of simultaneous multi-task Research on remote
control algorithms for experiments was carried out, which promoted
the development of innovative experiments.
Declaration of competing interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing finan-
cial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to
influence the work reported in this paper.
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Yawei Ma: Writing - review & editing. Guihong Guo: Supervision.
Y. Ma and G. Guo Computer Communications 158 (2020) 32–38

Fig. 4. Comparison of influencing factors and real values in BP neural network.

References [18] Q. Luo, J. Zhu, R. Zhang, et al., Geotechnical centrifugal model test on sandy
soil slope stability, Yanshilixue Yu Gongcheng Xuebao/Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng.
[1] S. Li, L.D. Xu, S. Zhao, The internet of things: A survey, Inf. Syst. Front. 17 (2) 37 (5) (2018) 1252–1259.
(2015) 243–259. [19] K. Magner, N. Maerz, I. Guardiola, et al., Determining optimum number of
[2] A. Al-Fuqaha, M. Guizani, M. Mohammadi, et al., Internet of things: A survey geotechnical testing samples using Monte Carlo simulations, Arab. J. Geosci. 10
on enabling technologies, protocols and applications, IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. (18) (2017) 406–407.
17 (4) (2015) 38–42. [20] M.I. Lingwanda, Anders Prästings, S. Larsson, et al., Comparison of geotechnical
[3] Palade Andrei, Cabrera Christian, Li Fan, Middleware for internet of things: An uncertainties linked to different soil characterization methods, Geomech. Geoeng.
evaluation in a small-scale IoT environment, J. Reliable Intell. Environ. 2 (4) 12 (2) (2016) 1–15.
(2018) 1–21. [21] Jelušič Primod, Žlender Bojan, Predicting geotechnical investigation using the
[4] Lin, Xingqin, Bergman, Johan, Gunnarsson, Fredrik, Positioning for the Internet knowledge based system, Adv. Fuzzy Syst. 20 (1) (2016) 10–11.
of Things: A 3GPP perspective, IEEE Commun. Mag. 55 (12) (2017) 179–185. [22] Cheng-li Fan, Qing-hua Xing, Qiang Fu, A hybrid intelligent algorithm by
[5] Perera Charith, Liu Chi Harold, Jayawardena Srimal, The emerging internet of combining particle swarm optimization with variable neighborhood search for
things marketplace from an industrial perspective: A survey, IEEE Trans. Emerg. solving nonlinear bilevel programming problems, Syst. Eng.-Theory Pract. 35 (2)
Top. Comput. 3 (4) (2015) 585–598. (2015) 473–480.
[6] Qin Yongrui, Quan Z. Sheng, Nickolas J.G. Falkner, When things matter: A [23] Grubišić, I. Kolarić, D. Skala, et al., Intelligent algorithm for smoke extraction
survey on data-centric Internet of Things, J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 64 (25) (2016) in autonomous forest fire detection, 25(2) (2016) 32–36.
137–153. [24] H. Wang, S. Sha, The intelligent fault diagnosis based on Bayesian network
[7] Li Shancang, Tryfonas Theo, Li Honglei, The Internet of Things: A security point inference algorithm solution, Appl. Mech. Mater. 72 (23) (2015) 884–887.
of view, Int. Res. 26 (2) (2016) 337–359. [25] H. Mazin, A.L.-Shaikhly Razuky, Intelligent cloud computing security using
[8] H. Hirata, Y. Kanda, S. Ohashi, Testing and specification of recycled materials genetic algorithm as a computational tools, J. Phys. Conf. 13 (1) (2018) 1–5.
for sustainable geotechnical construction. 270(8) (2015) 781–784.
[9] P. Bossart, D. Jaeggi, C. Nussbaum, Experiments on thermo-hydro-mechanical
behaviour of Opalinus Clay at Mont Terri rock laboratory, Switzerland, J. Rock
Yawei Ma was born in Xi’an, Shaanxi. P.R. China, in 1979.
Mech. Geotech. Eng. 9 (3) (2017) 120–128.
She is working in School of Civil Engineering and Me-
[10] Zhussupbekov Askar, Omarov Abdulla, Modern advances in the Fiel-d geotech-
chanics, Lanzhou University. Her research interest include
nical testing investigations of pile foundations, Procedia Eng. 165 (12) (2016)
Geotechnical and civil engineering. E- mail: mayw@lzu.edu.
88–95.
cn
[11] C. Morin, T. Sedran, François de Larrard, et al., Development of an excavatability
test for backfill materials: Numerical and experimental studies, Can. Geotech. J.
55 (1) (2018) 35–38.
[12] Zame Philémon Zo’o, Assomo Philippe Samba, Onwualu Josephine Nchekwube,
Assessment of geotechnical properties of lateritic gravels from South-Cameroon
road network, Int. J. Geosci. 8 (8) (2017) 949–964.
[13] Wang Lin, Cao Zi Jun, Li Dian Qing, Determination of site-specific soil-water
characteristic curve from a limited number of test data— A Bayesian perspective,
Earth Sci. Front. 35 (14) (2018) 55–60. Guihong Guo, is working as teacher in the Department
[14] Chen Lifang, Cao Dai, Liu Yuan, A new intelligent jigsaw puzzle algorithm base of Geology Engineering, Lanzhou University, Her current
on mixed similarity and symbol matrix, Int. J. Pattern Recogn. Artif. Intell. 32 research includes seismology and Geology Engineering.
(2) (2017) 32–37. E-mail: ggh7941@edu.com
[15] Wöhlecke Andreas, Werner W. Müller, Der Zugversuch an DichtUngsbahnen,
Geotechnik 40 (5) (2017) 56–61.
[16] Son Changman, Intelligent rule-based sequence planning algorithm with fuzzy
optimization for robot manipulation tasks in partially dynamic environments,
Inform. Sci. 342 (7) (2015) 209–221.
[17] Q.I. Chang-Guang, F. Gao-Feng, C. Yun-Liang, et al., Geotechnical physical model
test using artificial synthetic transparent soil, Rock Soil Mech. 42 (7) (2015)
29–35.

38