LIVED EXPERIENCES ON PARENTAL GUIDING ON SPG TV SHOWS

BEA ANGELU C. ALBELLAR, RIZZA MAE BAGUID,

JESSIE GLICE BARBERO,
ASHIA CANAYA, WILLIAM JEFFERSON GRANZON

Abstract:
As technology continuously grows, television has widely elucidated the perspectives
and actions of individuals. In the context of the Philippines, SPG programs are showed
directly to different television areas. SPG programs are projects from the wide television
that aims to address shows that are not appropriate to young viewers as it contains
restricted scenes, thus, strong parental guidance is a must. The immense adverse or
beneficial outcomes of these can emulate and influence children to think pleasantly or
otherwise not. Parents as the susceptible factor to control this ceaseless experience from
watching television programs are the sole driving factor of how the outcomes reliably cost.
Using descriptive analytic approach, the researchers utilized a holistic perspective from the
participants using two main themes (a) perceived impacts of parental guidance execution
towards children (b) parental behaviors towards SPG programs. The researchers delved in
the lived experiences of parents from Sitio Cabajar, Brgy. Guadalupe to witness the parenting
process towards these television programs towards their respective homes and children.
Keywords: SPG Programs, Parental Guidance, Parental Management, Parental Supervision,
Adverse Television Programs
there is an average of 6.2% violent related
Introduction scenes in television programs, on the
average exposure to the violent incident,
The magnitude influence of TV television viewers on this case became
sets among Filipino families has been rampant every 10 minutes of the show
drastic culture since then binding the which are no exemption. The MTRCB
households considerably pleasant across categorized programs that contain drugs,
times. Marking the beginning of the sex, violence, horror, and strong language
digital age the 21st century “TV” as SPG programs warning the parents
pertaining to television signaled the before the start of the show advising them
development of innovation as to implement strict parental guidance in
instruments increase and advancements which founded that there are only 37% of
grow every day (Beers, 2012). It is no the parents execute parental guiding
escape of the ceaseless progress making (National Council for Children’s Television
families accessible to various forms of 2015).
media considering positive and adverse In an investigation, Filipino
outcomes ahead. culture includes an early presentation to
Despite the rise of other forms of TV as the unit, is a piece of a family's
media, television also increases its role regular exercises. One thing that ought to
for the children (Pecora, 2007). The be noted is a perception from the study of
different programs and shows of Austin et al. (1999), pointing out that
television influence the children in guardians are not normally slanted into
various adverse ways dependent on the watching kids situated TV programs with
viewers' perception. Some of the TV their children; in any case, children can
shows contain scenes that are not suitable watch grown-up projects and shows
for young audiences in which every hour (extending from general support to those
requiring parental direction). This
intervention of grown-ups in TV seeing
has an effect between getting the hang of
something profitable or the repression of
a negative mentality from the programs
that a youngster is presented to (Molina,
2008).
On the other hand, by Vocalist and
Singer (2005) as referred by Singer et al.
(2008), a parent or a grown-up's basic job
in TV introduction is to go about as a
middle person (i.e., to clarify substance
and scenes if a youngster is confounded
and to utilize the material to fortify ideas
and qualities). In such circumstances, as it
is, the TV can turn into an educator. In any
case, this returns to whether guardians
regard TV as an apparatus for bestowing
esteems or as an innovation that makes
"mollifying" kids less demanding.
According to Nielsen (2006),
those 40 years of age or more spent a
usual average of 4.1 hours every day
which covered the 28 percent of Mega
Manila Watchers in 2006 while two to
twelve years old kids watched TV shows
of 3.9 average hours which consecutively
represent the 27 percent of the viewers.
This result implies the negative
consequence of these various shows
which was found to stake 13 episodes of
brutality and how these children see and
are considerably influenced repressing
positive outcomes or oppressing inferior
consequences (Philippine Children’s
Television Foundation, 2001).
Correlatively, youngsters see an
expected 10,000 demonstrations of
brutality every year. The National
Television Violence Study had analyzed
about 10,000 hours of TV programming
all through 3 years and found that 61%
contains brutality, with kids' customizing
being the roughest. Moreover, 26% of
rough communications included the
utilization of firearms. Amidst the 3 years
of the investigation, none of the key
pointers of brutality in the media
changed, regardless of boundless open
concern (Federman, 1996, 1997 &1998).
Guardians fundamentally needed
a substance based framework. For
instance, parents were likewise requested
to pick whether to lean toward a TV rating
framework that gave substance data or
one that gave an assessment of the
program. Basically, it was found out that
82% favored a substance based
framework over an evaluative-framework,
and 80% favored a substance based
framework over a framework that gave
one synopsis rating. These discoveries
unmistakably uncovered that guardian
needed a framework that would caution
them to possible risky substance and not
those frameworks that contain
assessments or proposals for them
(Cantor, Stutman, & Duran, 1996)
As stated by Jordan et.al (2006),
there is broad writing on the job
guardian’s play in implicitly and explicitly
forming youngsters’ review rehearses.
Guardians who put limitations on the
kid's measure of the survey as well as on
the material watched have been found to
lessen the time kids spend on watching
television, whereas examining program
content with the children. Helping him or
her to assess the programming has been
found to animate youngsters to gain more
from television and to be less panicked
when viewing rough scenes. In the
dialogues, about the majority of the
guardians in this example revealed that
they had rule identified with TV seeing.
Parents of more seasoned kids revealed
that they had less TV-related principles
than guardians of more youthful kids.
These principles grouped into 4 general
classifications: content confinement,
conduct possibility, time, and limiting
access.
A theory demonstrated relevant to
the investigation of the SPG programs in
TV shows is the Cultivation theory.
Gerbner (1986) stated the 'Social
Indicators' exploration venture in the
mid-1960s, to think about whether on
how sitting in front of the TV may impact
watchers' thoughts of what the regular
world resembles. The cultivation theory
in its most fundamental frame proposes
that TV is in charge of molding, or
'developing' watchers' originations of
social reality. He called this impact
'mainstreaming'. The development
scholars recognize 'first request' impacts
(general convictions about the regular
world, for example, about the
pervasiveness of savagery) and 'second
request' impacts (explicit states of mind,
for example, to peace or to individual
security).
In mid-1972 the Surgeon
General's Office of the United States
National Institutes of Health declared that
savagery on TV or in motion pictures
could impact a few kids to take an interest
in forceful or vicious conduct. Cline
(1972) avowed that kids who had been
intensely presented to savagery on TV
could likewise turn out to be to some
degree desensitized to it contrasted and
youngsters who had seen almost no TV.
This would propose a conceivable
passionate blunting of the person to
savagery saw or even a potential "killing"
of still, small voice and worry within the
sight of brutality. Furthermore, Wertham
(1954) pointed out that, through TV and
moving pictures a youngster may see
more savagery in thirty minutes than the
normal grown-up encounters in a lifetime.
What youngsters see on the screen is
savagery as a relatively easygoing typical
of day by day living. Brutality turns into
the major rule of society, the regular law
of humankind. Slaughtering is as regular
as going out for a stroll, a weapon more
normal than an umbrella. Youngsters
figure out how to take pride in power and
savagery and to feel embarrassed about
customary sensitivity. Then, urged to
overlook that individuals have
sentiments."
A second real issue of worry,
notwithstanding the desensitization of
thoughtful sentiments, is derived from
Bandura (2016, 1986) in the region of
demonstrating imitative learning. The
thought that parents must do to control
the TV-seeing propensities for the
youngsters end up visualizing all intents
and purposes of fantasy in many family
units. Through careful examinations, it
was discovered that in the dominant part
of family units, the kids, not grown-ups,
choose what programs are to see.
Guardians, actually, seldom practice
power over the TV propensity for the
youngsters. Bandura has inferred that
imitative learning assumes an exceedingly
powerful job in quickening social changes,
in initiating durable demeanor changes,
and in reinforcing or quenching
passionate responsiveness to different
boosts. This end recommends those
individuals’ fundamental qualities, and in
addition, conducts and conceivably
amends the inner voices which can be
controlled and engineered. Thus, we see
that the cutting edge motion picture
ethics compared mettle with brutality and
the arrangement of issues with incautious
forceful activity. In the event that the
topics in the present film are harbingers
of things to come, inevitable worries are
ceaselessly yet to come.
In general, the different studies
helped in determining the experience of
parents in parental guiding of the children
while watching programs that are
considered not suitable yet.
The researchers conducted the
study at Sitio Cabajar, Barangay
Guadalupe, Cebu City, specifically to the
parents that are involved in parental
guiding of their children watching various
TV shows and programs. As the TV shows
become explicit, audiences may perceive
those scenes, and viewers could be the
children. Children are easily influenced by
what is perceived in watching TV shows
which a fundamental concern is. This
issue interests the researchers to conduct
the study among the parents of Sitio
Cabajar, Barangay Guadalupe to
determine the perceived impacts of
parental guidance execution towards SPG
programs and to identify the behavior of
the parents towards SPG programs.
Materials and Methods
The study employed
phenomenological research design to
investigate the lived experiences on
parental guiding in SPG programs.
Groenewald (2004) emphasized the use
of the research design in determining the
perception of key informants to a specific
phenomenon. The phenomenological
design is fundamentally dependent on the
views and thoughts of the phenomena or
given situation.
The study was conducted in Sitio
Cabajar, Barangay Guadalupe, Cebu City.
The city of Cebu is known to be the center
of trade, commerce, education, and
Guadalupe is the largest and, the most
populous barangay of the area in 2015
census with a population over 61,238
representing 6.64% of the total
population of Cebu City took part of this
advancement, in which parental guiding
television programs and shows are no
exemption. Particularly, Sitio Cabajar as
the prevalent town enclaves of Guadalupe
was significantly inferred to with the
locale of the study.
The key informants were
composed of ten through purposive
sampling technique. According to
Crossman (2018), this technique is non-
probability and the basis of sample
selections the type of population and the
aim of the investigation. Purposive
sampling technique is selective and
annual specific sampling.
Notwithstanding, Palinkas et al. (2013),
stated that qualitative methods give
significance on saturation by acquiring an
in-depth understanding of the substantive
information that is acquired. Allowing the
researchers to stop sampling from the
proposed three to ten key informants if it
falls to the same category as to the level of
the detail required.
The study utilized a semi-
structured interview which comprises an
open-ended questionnaire. The questions
were being used to collect the data from
the key informants in line with the
connection of the objectives of the study.
a The semi-structured interview contains
open-ended questions based on the topic;
also it gives opportunities for both the
researchers and key informants in
discussing the topic (Mathers et al. 1998
& 2002).
At first in collecting data,
researchers provide a permit which is
signed by the research adviser and the
school principal in allowing the
researchers to conduct an interview. After
the approval of the letter, the researcher
then proceeds in requesting permission to
the barangay captain to conduct and
gathered the data within the jurisdiction
of the barangay. The letter given covered
every one of the methodologies required
and the reason for directing the
examination. The reliability of the
participants was asked first to secure the
attentiveness of the participants in order
to give a concrete response to the
questions itself. After asking, the
participants of the study were being
asked by the questions utilizing the
interview questionnaire in their house.
The participant was asked individually by
assuring the confidentiality of data. The
researchers make use of the tools that will
help the researchers collect the data,
however with the approval of the
participants.
After the data gathering
procedure, the data that was gathered
was being analyzed by the researchers
through thematic analysis which focuses
on the themes and patterns of living or
behavior. According to Braun & Clarke
(2013), the thematic analysis is a variable
data analysis plan where it is used to
generate themes in qualitative research.
This method is flexible because there is
no concrete research design associated
with the thematic analysis. And by this, it
also identifies the significant
commonalities of the gathered data from
where it is being studied, categorized and
formulated into themes and subthemes.
The results are summarized in a short
description of the phenomenon of the
study.
The researchers have completed
the ethical considerations of the study by
ensuring the confidentiality and validity
of the data from the key informants. Using
informed consent and the voluntary
participation of the subjects considering
all other imminence, the assurance of
intact procedure is valued throughout the
qualitative study.
Results and Discussion
This chapter presents the results
and discussion of findings from the
gathered data using thematic analysis
method. In this chapter, it shows the lived
experiences of the parents in parental
guiding on SPG programs.
From the formulated major
themes and its sub-themes from the key
informants’ statements. The major
themes revealed that parents lived
experiences on parental guiding,
observance of influence, actions, and
thoughts, strategic parental guidance,
inconsistency of parental management
and insufficient parental supervision are
the usual engagement of the parents in
exercising parental guidance.
“Oo, naimpluwensyahan uy,
kanang usahay naay action kanang
mosumbag ba moapil sad na siya mao
nang usahay malimitahan naku kay murag
di jud ko kabantay kay dili raman ako ra
usa diri sa balay”.
( Key Informant 3)
“Naa pariha anang “Ang
Probinsyano” Oo, katung gamay nakung
anak, ako siya ginngnan na magpapusil
siya sa iyang dunggan unya iyang gitubag
naku “ Unya mamatay ko” niana siya mao
iyang gitubag, pwerte namong katawaa
namu, ana ko “Mao na sigi man kag tan-
awg Probinsyano” pero ako siya giingnan
na “Bad biya na”. Murag nakakuan siya sa
salida ba unsay gamit sa pusil”.
(Key Informant 7)
This statement implies that
parents observed that watching adverse
television programs influenced the
actions and thoughts of the children.
While watching television children
imitates the unpleasant actions of what
they perceived and also children reacts to
those unfavourable actions of what they
saw.
“Ahhh….(thinks).. ngano, kay para
ma-alarm sila, mawarningan ang
estudyante hasta ang mama. Mama nga
way alamag o walay edukasyon ba ron
kung unsa iyang gitan-aw. Di siya ka
express pero sa iyang anak “Di jud na
buhaton nak, tan-awa ragud na nak naa
ka sulod sa rehas, naa ka ibabaw sa rehas”.
(Key Informant 10)
This statement explains that
parents used strategy in executing
parental guidance where the parents used
anti-aggression statements as a
forewarning for their children to avoid
negative consequences.
“Usahay, kanang padung tulog,
perog adlawan dili, kay naa may trabaho”.
(Key Informant 7)
This statement explicates that
parents cannot execute parental guidance
all the time because parents are occupied
with their duties. In this case, they can’t
supervise their children in watching TV
for a part of the day or night.
“Oo, kami magtan-aw kung unsa
akong tan-awn mao sad ilang tan-awn”.
(Key Informant 2)
In this statement, it explains that
parents played a big role in influencing
their children. Thus, parents does not set
rules and show less control to their
children in watching adverse television
programs. It clearly states that a parent
does not execute parental guidance.
 In a summary, findings revealed
that the lived experiences of the parents
in Sitio Cabajar, Brgy. Guadalupe showed
meaning in how the parents execute
parental guidance on SPG programs
towards their children. Their experience
in parental guiding revealed that parents
have observed that adverse television
programs give impact to their children.
Thus, the parents used strategy in
executing parentalguidance. Furthermore,
parents had inconsistent and insufficient
guidance in managing and supervising
their children which affects their
formation of behavior.
In support with major themes, it
affirmed that even as parents perceived
that huge segment of youngsters' time
spent in front of the TV, it certainly gives
impact to their actions and thoughts
which influences them (Romita, 2018).
Furthermore, according to
Timoteo and Uboñ gen (2012), that parent
who guide their children while staring at
the TV; they conceded that they cannot do
it all the time on the grounds that the vast
majority of them are occupied with their
work. This likewise implied kids
frequently depend without anyone else
comprehension of the show and on other
individuals in disentangling the message
transferred to them by the shows they
watch and despite the fact that having
guardians lead their diagram of program
content is critical, contending requests on
guardians time frequently make this
methodology illogical. Additionally, in
numerous family units, the kids returned
home before their parents and are left
without grown-ups' supervision for a
piece of the day or night (Sweet and
Singh, 1994) which may perceive parents
who are inconsistent as uninterested or
less caring.
Moreover, Alegre (2011) affirmed
that guardians who were uninvolved or
neglects their child might be separated,
undemanding, low on affectability, and
don't set points of confinement that
depicts a careless child foster which it
shows less support and low control of
their kids ( Hoeve et al. , 2009), where in
fact it gives negative results among kids
(Ehnvall, Parker, Hadzi-Pavlovic, & Mahli,
2008; Knutson, DeGarmo, Koeppl, & Reid,
2005; Stack, Serbin, Enns, Ruttle, &
Barrieau, 2010). In accordance, co-
viewing alludes to circumstances in which
guardians and kids sit in front of the TV
together without talking about the
substance of what they see ( Valkenburg
et al., 1999).
Lastly, the parents employed in
executing parental guidance thus
according to Cheng et al. (2004), behavior
and practices of the parents change based
on the age of the kid. Guardians use TV
programs as a chance to teach their
children, they increment media education
and prevent the child from observing any
unseemly substance (Bleakley, Jordan,
and Henessey 2013). Amid talks,
guardians are probably going to make
anti-aggression statements as a strategy
in parental guidance.
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