I. Arrange the following statements according to the process of digestion and absorption in the body.

Number according to the sequence each occurs.

_____ Wastes are removed from the body.

_____ Food is liquefied and digested into forms cells can use.
_____ Food is broken into smaller pieces.
_____ Water is absorbed.
_____ Nutrients pass through into bloodstream.

II. Choose the letter of the best answer.

_____ 1. The process of moving nutrients through your villi into the bloodstream is called

a. Absorption b. digestion c. excretion d. nutrition

_____ 2. The greenish-yellow liquid made in the liver that helps digest fats is

a. Bile b. mucus c. pancreatic juice d. saliva

_____ 3. Most food is digested and absorbed in the

a. Large intestine b. mouth c. small intestine d. stomach

_____4. After an enzyme breaks apart a molecule, the molecule is

a. Split into two smaller molecules

b. Absorbed into the bloodstream
c. Unchanged
d. Increased in size

_____ 5. An important substance that is not absorbed but helps move food and waste through the digestive tract.

a. Bile b. fiber c. lean meat d. water

 The Reproductive System

Hormone – a product of living cells that circulates in body fluids (as blood) and produces a specific and often
stimulating effect on cells usually at a distance from the place the hormone is made.

The functions of the male reproductive system are follows:

1. To make, keep, and transport sperm (the male reproductive cells) and semen, the fluid sperm travels in.
2. To deposit sperm inside the female reproductive tract during copulation.
3. To produce and keep the male sex hormones that maintains the male reproductive system.

The following essential organs compose the male reproductive system:

1. A pair of gonads – the testes

2. A duct system, including the epididymis, vas deferens, and the urethra
3. The external genitalia, including the penis and scrotum (also includes the testes)
4. Male accessory glands, including seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, and the Cowper glands.

The Testes and Scrotum

Gonads – are the reproductive organs

Testes – male gonads which are pair of oval bodies consisting of fine tubules enclosed in a tough, fibrous
sheath.
-produce male sex hormones.
Testosterone – the male sex hormone that controls the development of the secondary sex characteristics,
making a man feel and look like a man.
Sperm or spermatozoa – the male reproductive cell that the testes produces in a structure inside the testes
called the seminiferous tubules.
Scrotum – is a bag or pouch that holds the testes.
-the temperature inside the scrotum is 1.5 degrees Celsius lower than within the body cavity.

The Penis

Penis – the organ through which the sperm and urine leaves the body.
Prepuce – the foreskin that covers the head of the penis.
Epididymis – a coiled tube that each testes is attached to and a mass of tubes along the sides of the testes that
temporarily stores sperm produced in the testes.
Vas deferens – a tube which receives the sperm cells, carries them up, and delivers them in the urethra.
Urethra – a tube that carries semen to the penis.
Semen – consists of seminal fluid and the sperm it carries.
Seminal fluid – helps in the preservation of sperm and lubricates passages through which sperm travels.
Seminal vesicle – is a gland that produces part of the seminal secretion.
Prostate gland – is a gland that produces a thin, watery, alkaline secretion that mixes with the sperm cells and
other secretions to form the semen.
Cowper’s glands – are located with the prostate gland near the upper end of the male urethra that produce a
clear fluid that lubricates part of the urethra and also forms part of the semen.
The Female Reproductive System

The functions of the human female reproductive system are as follows:

1. To produce eggs
2. To receive sperm and provide a place where the fertilization of the egg by the sperm can take place.
3. To provide for the development of the embryo.
4. To produce hormones to control the development of secondary sex characteristics such as pubic hair, the
breast, and the curves of a woman’s body.

The following essential organs compose the female reproductive system:

1. A pair of gonads – the ovaries
2. A duct system including uterine tubes, called the Fallopian tubes, the uterus (womb)
3. The external genitalia or vulva
4. The mammary glands (breasts)

The Ovaries

Ovaries – produce and store eggs.

Ovulation – the process in which a mature egg is released from one of the ovaries once very month.

The Uterus

Fallopian tubes – When an egg is released, it enters one of the fallopian tubes,
Uterus – a hollow organ shaped like an upside-down pear.

The Vagina

Cervix – an opening or neck at the lower end of the uterus

Vagina – or birth canal. A muscular passageway
Vulva – the external parts of the female genitalia

The Mammary Glands

- The breasts or mammary glands are the principal accessory structure in women

The Ovarian and Uterine Cycles

The human ovaries usually produce only one egg during a regular 28-day cycle of activity. Follicles are masses
of ovarian cells that produce the ovum or egg. The cycle is controlled by FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone),
a hormone produced in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

Estrogen – is a female sex hormone that causes the development of female secondary sex characteristics and
also prepares the female for pregnancy.
Corpus luteum –a yelloe follicle
LH or luteinizing hormone – another hormone of the pituitary gland.
Progesterone – another hormone produced by corpus luteum.
Menstruation – the breakdown and discharge of the soft uterine tissues and the fertilized egg.
Menarche – is the term used to describe the very first menstrual discharge of blood from the vagina.

I. Match the definitions in Column A with the correct term under Column B.

Column A Column B
_____1. Time when the body becomes able to produce a. female organs
_____2. Release of a mature egg from the ovary b. fertilization
_____3. Testes, penis and vas deference c. male organs
_____4. Ovary, Fallopian tube, uterus, vagina d. menstruation
_____5. Shedding of the blood-rich lining of the uterus e. ovulation
f.puberty

II. Name the missing parts of the following organ systems

Part A