Student Activity Sheet

Name: JAYZL L. CASTAÑEDA

Lesson Title: Score:

Conc. Of solution cont. and solution References

stoichiometry
Parts per million, parts per billion, solution stoichiometry
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
1. Calculate problems regarding parts per million and
parts per billion
2. Solve problems on solution using stoichiometry
Chemistry the Practical Science by P.
Kelter M. Mosher, and A. Scott (2009)
Chemistry the Molecular Nature of Matter
by Jespersen, Brady, and Hyslop (2012)
Chemistry: The Central Science by Brown,
LeMay, and Bursten
Forgotten Chemistry (2006)
Johanna Holm

Review/Lesson Preview

Answer the following questions below:

1. What is %by mass and give its formula?
2. What is %by volume and give its formula?
3. What is mole fraction?
4. Give the formula of mole fraction.

Concept Notes
A. Other Concentration terms

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 Student Activity Sheet
Name: JAYZL L. CASTAÑEDA

The remaining concentration terms are parts per million and parts per billion. These terms are usually reserved
for describing very small amounts such as levels of air and water pollutants.

Closely related to mass percent, and particularly useful for very dilute solution, are the concentration units
parts per million (ppm) and parts per billion (ppb).

a. Parts per million (ppm) is the number of solute parts in every million solution parts.

b. Parts per billion(ppb) is the number of solute parts in every billion solution parts.

B. Solution stoichiometry

Outline of the procedure used

to solve stoichiometry
problems that involve
measured (laboratory) units
of mass, solution
concentration (molarity), or
volume.

Developmental Activities

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 Student Activity Sheet
Name: JAYZL L. CASTAÑEDA

Activity 1: parts per million

Study the example below

A 2.5 g sample of ground water was found to contain 5.4µg of Zn2+. What is the concentration of Zn2+ in parts per million? Parts
per billion?

Because 1 µg is 1x10-6g, 5.4 µg = 5.4 x10-6 g. Thus,

Ppm = mass solute x106

Mass of solution

= 5.4 x10-6 g x 106

2.5g

= 2.2 ppm

Ppb = mass solute x109

Mass of solution

= 5.4 x10-6 gx 109

2.5g
= 2160 ppb

Solve the problem below

1. Seawater contains 0.0079g Sr2+ per kilogram of water. What is the concentration of Sr2+ measured in ppm?
ppb?

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 Activity 2 Solution stoichiometry

Study the following examples below pay attention to the units used.

Student Activity Sheet

Name: JAYZL L. CASTAÑEDA
1. Calculate the number if grams of Calcium nitrate that could be produced by reacting 125mL of 6.00M nitric acid
with excess calcium hydroxide.

Solution:

The first step is to write a balanced equation:

2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 2H2O + Ca(NO3)2

Next we consider what we are going to calculate; that is, this problem says, 125mL HNO3 sol’n =?g Ca(NO 3)2, given the
following facts.
(a) The molar concentration of HNO3
(b) The balanced equation
(c) The mass of 1 mole of calcium nitrate in grams (molar mass), which is calculated from the formula o be 164g
Ca(NO3)2 per mole.
Following the steps outlined for calculations from balanced equations gives the following result.

6.00 mol HNO 3 1mol Ca ( NO 3 ) 2 164 g Ca ( NO 3 ) 2

125mL HNO3 sol’n x x x
1000 mL HNO 3 soln 2 mol HNO 3 1 mol Ca ( NO 3 ) 2

= 61.55grams Ca(NO3)2

2. How many L of 0.164 M Ca (OH)2 is needed to neutralize 25.oomL of 0.458M HCl solution?

Solution: You must consider the balanced chemical reaction and set up the appropriate conversion factors to solve solution
stoichiometry.

Solve the problem below. Show your process

1. How many moles of NaOH are needed to neutralized 20.0mL of 0.150M H2SO4Solution?

2. How many moles of H2O form when 25.0mL of .100M HNO3 solution is completely neutralized by NaOH?

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 Student Activity Sheet
Name: JAYZL L. CASTAÑEDA

Guided Practice

Find a pair and solve the following solution stoichiometric problems together. Correct answers will be
flashed/ shown on the board.
Direction:
Write the correct balanced equation and calculate the number of milliliters of solution required in
each of the following:
a. 2.25 M nitric acid to react with 24.2mL of 3.50M sodium hydroxide.
b. 4.35 M hydrochloric acid to react with 18.5 g of calcium hydroxide.

Independent Practice

1. What volume of 0.500M HCl is required to react completely with 0.100mol of Pb(NO3)2, forming precipitate of PbCl2?

Closure Activity
Answer the following questions:

1. When are we going to use the units ppm and ppb?

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 Student Activity Sheet
Name: JAYZL L. CASTAÑEDA

2. Calculate the number of grams of precipitate formed when 25.0 mL of 1.25M sodium carbonate solution is mixed with
32.5mL of 1.50M aluminum chloride solution.

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