May - June 2020

ISSN: 0193-4120 Page No. 12739 - 12742

Classification of Diseases in Apple Leaf using

Optimized Segmentation and CNN Techniques
N Durai Murugan1, Madhan L2, Naveen Kumar A3, Naveen S4
1
Assistant Professor,2,3,4UG Student
1,2,3,4
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering,
Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai

Article Info Abstract

Volume 83
Page Number: 12739 – 12742
Publication Issue:
May - June 2020
Article History
Article Received: 19 November 2019
Revised: 27 January 2020
Accepted: 24 February 2020
Publication: 19 May 2020
Agriculture is a very big economy because it fulfills the food
necessity. but, in past decades many types of plants unit area are
infected extensively with various types of diseases which affects
the enormous losses in agriculture economic and related business
all around the nation. The identifying fruit diseases manual could
make some difficult, this can reduce by machine-learnings insight
for detection of diseases in the plant at the earlier stage, a new
method is used for Classification of apple plant diseases. first,
hybrid method is used to identify the affected spot in apple leaf
where the component increased based on [box filtering, Median
filter, and Gaussian filter] and decorrelation. second, the lesion
spots area unit segmental by robust correlation-based
methodology. Finally, color bar chart, and also the texture options
area unit extracted and additional along and classified by CNN.
The method proposed here is tested for categorizing different
types of apple disease as well as healthy leaves like [Scab, Black
rot, Rust]. The results show the important accuracy which shows
the growth of method in classifying apple diseases.
Keywords: Spot segmentation, box filtering, Median filter, apple
diseases, Convolutional neural networks

1. Related Works withinthe defect detection method, many image process

Savaryet all, [6] describes machine-controlled plant
disease defect detection from the photographs. during this
paper, they introduce an automatic vision-based system
that consists of a picture grabbing mechanism associated
a scrutiny methodology for detection and classifying the
leaf diseases. The planned scrutiny methodology treats
sickness like abnormal regions and different impacts that
area unit associated with the classification of leaf
diseases. within the defect detection method, many image
process algorithms area unit utilized to extract image
options and find defect’s positions on leaf pictures. This
paper planned a color-based segmentation image process
rule for plant disease identification. Gavhale, K. R et all,
[7] describes machine-controlled {leaf sickness|plant
disease} defect detection from the photographs the
planned scrutiny methodology treats disease like
abnormal regions and different impacts that area unit
associated with the classification of leaf diseases.
algorithms area unit utilized to extract image options and
find defect’s positions on leaf pictures. This paper
planned a correlation-based options choice image process
rule for plant disease identification.
Samajpatiet all, [8] proposes scrutiny methodology
that treats sickness like abnormal regions and different
impacts that area unit associated with the classification of
leaf diseases. within the defect detection method, many
image process algorithms area unit utilized to extract
image options and find defect’s positions on leaf pictures.
[1][2],This paper planned associate optimized weighted
segmentation for plant disease identification. Chuanleiet
all, [9] describes machine-controlled plant disease defect
detection from the photographs. during this paper, they
introduce an automatic vision-based system that consists
of a picture grabbing mechanism associate astudy
methodology for detection and classifying defects on the
surface of animal skin material. This paper planned a

Published by: The Mattingley Publishing Co., Inc. 12739

 May - June 2020
ISSN: 0193-4120 Page No. 12739 - 12742

texture-based options choice for plant disease subsequently we have a tendency to

identification. Camargo et all, [10] describes machine- extentpiecediscriminationall 3d filtering, where growing
controlled plant disease defect detection from the the apparition of the disease spot of the input image.
photographs. during this paper, they introduce an knowledge cleansing refers to strategies for locating,
automatic vision-based system that consists of a picture removing, and exchange unhealthy or missing
grabbing mechanism associated an scrutiny methodology knowledge. detection native extreme a and abrupt
for detection and classifying defects on the surface of changes will facilitate to spot important knowledge
animal skin material. This paper planned a texture-based trends.
options choice for plant disease identification. Smoothing and detrending area unit processes for
removing noise and linear trends from knowledge,
2. Existing System whereas scaling changes the bounds of the information.
Many of articles were surveyed for many factors with Grouping and binning strategies area unit techniques that
relevance our planned plan. The factors embrace price determine relationships among the information variables.
potency, process potency, time potency, system
maintenance, client satisfaction. Out of all the higher than i). Input Image and Resized Image:
reference papers, the one with 2 modules particularly
detection and sensory system and face recognition system
appeared additional relatable to our planned system. Our
system can implement each the modules and can be
integrated efficiently with potency and also the modules
are going to be operated upon far more effective
algorithms for process efficiency. the sooner ways of
quality assessment were supported image process and
works in a very similar approach. throughout the
binarization a black-and-white image is formed during
which the crop is displayed white and also the soil black.
ii).Histogram and De-Correlated Image:
3. Proposed System
Three primary steps area unit incorporated in the
projected system distinction aspartame and symptom
segmentation, multitype options extraction, and
outstanding options choice and recognition, main design.
Deep Learning learns to acknowledge patterns in digital
representations of pictures, sounds, censor knowledge and
different knowledge. we have a tendency to area unit pre-
training knowledge, so as to classify or predict and build
a train/training set and take a look at set (we grasp the
result). And on prediction getting a optimum purpose iii).RGB Color Channel Images:
specified our prediction offers a satisfying result. The
neurons area unit based mostly go in totally different
level and created to form their prediction at every level
and most-optimal predictions, then use the information so
as to administer a best-fit outcome. it's thought-about as
true intelligence on machine. ANN systems area unit
actuated to confinement computed matching with
extremely supported disseminatedimages. ANNs caused
densely interrelated set of pieces, wherever every
partscollection of inputs with real datawhich produces
correspondingoutput data. iv).Black and White converted RedImage:

4. Implementation
4.1. Preprocessing and Detection of White Spots for
Disease analysis:
Data sets will need preprocessing techniques to confirm
correct, efficient, or purposeful analysis. this system
consists of size the input image and changing the input
image into grey scale image and victimization filters.

Published by: The Mattingley Publishing Co., Inc. 12740


v). Segmented Image:
vi).Output Image:
4.2. Import the given image from dataset module:
we've got to import our data set from keras preprocessing
image knowledge generator operate additionally we have
a tendency to produce size, rescale, range, zoom range,
horizontal flip. Then we have a tendency to import our
image dataset from folder through the information
generator operate. Here we have a tendency to set train,
test, and validation additionally we have a tendency to set
target size, batch size and class-mode from this operate
we've got to coach.
4.3.To train the module by given image dataset
To train our dataset based on classifier and work
generator operate additionally we have a tendency to
create coaching steps per epoch’s then total range of
epochs, validation knowledge and validation steps, by
applying this data we will train our dataset.
4.4. Data Visualization
All the 2 dimensions and 3 dimensions plotting functions,
and Visualization tools for supportiveconstructionof
graphs whichhas ability to disseminatethe expected
results any in style visuals formats which adaptto
different plots by adding several axes for 2-D and 3D
plotting functions like Surface, contour, and mesh Image
Published by: The Mattingley Publishing Co., Inc.
May - June 2020
ISSN: 0193-4120 Page No. 12739 - 12742
plots, Cone, slice, stream, and iso-surface; ever-changing
line colors and markers; adding annotation, Latex
equations, and legends; and drawing shapes as shown in
the fig bellow.
5. Conclusion
An optimized automated computer-based method is
proposed and validated for recognition of apple diseases.
The lesion spot contrast stretching, lesion segmentation,
and prominent features selection & recognition steps are
utilized. The contrast of infected spot is enhanced and
segmentation is performed by the proposed SCP method.
The performance of the proposed SCP method is further
optimized by EMI approach. Then, multiple features are
extracted and fused by using a parallel method. A Genetic
algorithm is applied to select the best features, which are
later utilized by M-SVM for classification. The M-SVM
achieved a classification accuracy of 92.9%, 94.30%, and
97.20%. The deep learning gives promising results and
has a large potential to further improves
References
[1] Dhinakaran K, Duraimurugan N, Sowmiya S,
Sivasankari S, Detection of Driver Drowsiness
Using Multi-task CNN Framework, International
Journal of Advanced Science and Technology,
Vol. 29, No. 4, (2020), pp. 1798-1804.
[2] N.DuraiMurugan, SP. Chokkalingam, Samir
BrahimBelhaouari, Analysis of Deep Learning
Models using Convolution Neural Network
Techniques, International Journal of Engineering
and Advanced Technology, Volume-8, Issue-3S,
February 2019.
[3] Duraimurugan.N, ManojKumar.B, Malini.C,
Kowsalya.R, Learnart: Drawing Environment
using Convolutional Neural Networks,
International Journal of Recent Technology and
Engineering, Volume-8, Issue-2S3, July 2019
[4] Dr. SP. Chokkalingam, N. DuraiMurugan,
Sentiment Analysis on GST in Social
Mediausing R, Journal of Advanced Research in
Dynamical and Control Systems Vol. 9. Sp– 17 /
2017.
12741
 May - June 2020
ISSN: 0193-4120 Page No. 12739 - 12742

[5] Dhinakaran K., Silviya Nancy J. and classification. In Computer Vision: Concepts,
Duraimurugan N, Video Analytics Using Hdvfs Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp.
In Cloud Environment, ARPN Journal of 1208-1223). IGI Global.
Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 10, no.
13, july 2015
[6] Savary S, Ficke A, Aubertot J-N, Hollier C.
Crop losses due to diseases and their
implications for global food production losses
and food security. Food Secur. 2012;4:519â˘A
¸S37.
[7] Gavhale, K. R., &Gawande, U. (2014). An
overview of the research on plant leaves disease
detection using image processing techniques.
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-
JCE), 16(1), 10-16.
[8] Samajpati, B. J., &Degadwala, S. D. (2016,
April). Hybrid approach for apple fruit diseases
detection and classification using random forest
classifier. In Communication and Signal
Processing (ICCSP), 2016 International
Conference on (pp. 1015-1019). IEEE.
[9] Chuanlei, Z., Shanwen, Z., Jucheng, Y., Yancui,
S., &Jia, C. (2017). Apple leaf disease
identification using genetic algorithm and
correlation-based feature selection method.
International Journal of Agricultural and
Biological Engineering, 10(2), 7483.
[10] Camargo, A., & Smith, J. S. (2009). An image-
processing based algorithm to automatically
identify plant disease visual symptoms.
Biosystems engineering, 102(1), 9-21.
[11] Khan, Muhammad Attique, TallhaAkram,
Muhammad Sharif, Muhammad Awais,
KashifJaved, Hashim Ali, and Tanzila Saba.
"CCDF: Automatic system for segmentation and
recognition of fruit crops diseases based on
correlation coefficient and deep CNN features."
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 155
(2018): 220-236.
[12] Rozario, Liton Jude, Tanzila Rahman, and
Mohammad ShorifUddin. "Segmentation of the
Region of Defects in Fruits and Vegetables."
International Journal of Computer Science and
Information Security 14, no. 5 (2016): 399.
[13] Sharif, M., Khan, M. A., Iqbal, Z., Azam, M. F.,
Lali, M. I. U., &Javed, M. Y. (2018). Detection
and classification of citrus diseases in agriculture
based on optimized weighted segmentation and
feature selection. Computers and Electronics in
Agriculture, 150, 220-234.
[14] Sapkal, A. T., &Kulkarni, U. V.(2018).
Comparative study of Leaf Disease Diagnosis
system usingTexture features and Deep
LearningFeatures. International Journal
ofApplied Engineering Research,13(19), 14334-
14340.
[15] Al-Shahrani, A. M., Al-Abadi, M. A., Al-Malki,
A. S., Ashour, A. S., &Dey, N. (2018).
Automated system for crops recognition and

Published by: The Mattingley Publishing Co., Inc. 12742