TOPIC 6:

PORT OPERATION
SAFETY
LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. To understand the roles of ports that expose to different types of hazards

2. To explain the best practice of OSHA in port management
SUBTOPICS

6.1 Typical Workplace Transport and Port Operations Hazards in Port

6.1.1 Managing Hazards at Workplace Area In Port
6.2 Accident and Incident Investigation
6.2.1 Hidden Cost of Accidents
6.3 Best Practices of OSHA in Port Management
6.3.1 Policy on Safety, Health and Environment
6.3.2 Safety Organisations
INTRODUCTION

Ports are places where there are facilities for berthing or anchoring ships and
where there is cargo handling equipment to process cargoes from ships to
shore, shore to ships, or ships to ships.
DIFFERENT ROLES OF PORTS

1. Ports as places
2. Ports as operating systems
3. Ports as economic units
4. Ports as administrative units

Quay Crane

Container Freight Station

TYPICAL HAZARDS IN PORTS

1. Oil spills
2. Collisions
3. Grounding
4. Truck accidents
5. Injuries
6. Slips and trips
7. Hit by moving or falling objects
8. Falls
9. Manual handling
FACTORS OF HAZARDS

1. Inadequate risk assessment and operations management

2. Inadequate operating procedures
3. Lack of training and awareness
4. Bigger and faster port equipment
5. Bigger ships
6. Increased port throughputs
7. Faster ship turnarounds
8. Extreme weather conditions
MANAGING HAZARDS IN PORT AREA

1. Segregating vehicles and pedestrians, as far as reasonably practicable

2. Providing appropriate road signs and markings
3. Restricting access to operational areas for members of the public, private vehicles, and
delivery vehicles
4. Ensuring that all operational areas and access routes are sufficiently lit, especially at night or
in reduced visibility conditions
5. Training all vehicle drivers and equipment operators so that they are fit and competent to
carry out their respective job tasks
MANAGING HAZARDS IN PORT AREA

1. Avoiding lifts over areas where people are likely to be working or passing
2. Ensuring that workers are trained, competent and experienced in safe lifting procedures
3. Regularly inspecting and examining all lifting equipment and accessories
4. Assigning a competent person to plan the lift (the order of work, route, weight, as well as
what to do in the event of a shifted load or bad weather)
MANAGING HAZARDS IN PORT AREA

1. Conducting risk assessments for any work carried out at height

2. Properly planning and organizing all work at heights
3. Selecting and using suitable work equipment, such as guardrails and mobile elevating
working platforms
4. Properly inspecting and maintaining equipment on a regular basis
5. Ensuring that edge protection is in place on all open edges where there is a risk of falling
from height
MANAGING HAZARDS IN PORT AREA

1. Using mechanical handling equipment, such as vehicle-mounted hydraulic hoists, portable

roller conveyors, and pallet trucks
2. Encouraging workers to adopt safe lifting techniques
3. Avoiding the manual handling of loads, where possible
4. Encouraging workers to take short, frequent breaks where monotonous, repetitive tasks
occur
MANAGING HAZARDS IN PORT AREA

1. Ensuring safe access and egress

2. Encouraging proper housekeeping to keep all parts of the port clean
3. Ensuring that all access and emergency routes are kept free of obstructions
4. Providing all operational areas and access routes with sufficient lighting
5. Selecting suitable footwear for the task
ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT INVESTIGATION

1. To prevent future accidents by determining root cause

2. Focus on identifying and correcting root causes, not finding fault or blame
3. Improve workplace morale and increase productivity, by demonstrating an
employer’s commitment to a safe and healthful workplace
4. One of the important elements in the accident prevention planning
HIDDEN COST OF ACCIDENTS

•There are two types of cost of accidents:

• Direct cost
• Direct costs from an accident, are the costs directly
related to the accident
• Indirect cost (hidden)
THE ICEBERG EFFECTS

WHAT WE SEE
THE ICEBERG EFFECTS

THE
REALITY
UNINSURED COST

•Lost time
•Sick pay
•Damage or loss of product and raw materials
•Repairs to plant and equipment
•Extra wages, overtime working and temporary labour
•Production delays
•Investigation time
•Loss of contracts and damage to reputation
•Legal costs.
BEST PRACTICE OF OSHA IN PORT
MANAGEMENT
OSHA 1994
Section 16, OSHA 1994
It is an employer’s or self-employed person’s, duty to formulate a safety and
health policy at the workplace.
A policy is a statement proposed by the management to the organization or
company, based on the organization's core values and expectation of
employee behaviors and performance.
Safety and health committee require to revise the policy regularly, in order to
ensure that the written statement is always current.
 Employees All injuries and
must be occupational Safety is a
illnesses are condition of
actively employment
involved. preventable.
.

Safety away Management is

from work is as directly
important as responsible for
safety at work doing this.
10 PRINCIPLES
OF SAFETY
MANAGEMENT
Incident prevention
is cost-effective; Training is
the highest cost is required.
human suffering.

All unsafe
Safety audits
practices, incidents Deficiencies and inspections
and injury must be must be carried
accidents will be corrected out.
investigated. promptly.
THANK YOU