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CBSE Physics Grade 11 Transformers

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A step-down transformer is used to light a 12 V lamp from a 240V mains

supply. The lamp lights at normal brightness. The primary coil has 600 turns.
How many turns are in the secondary coil?

A. 12
B. 20
C. 30
D. 50

Answer Verified

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Hint: Study the types of transformers. The transformer works on Faraday’s principle of mutual
induction where emf is induced in the secondary coil through the voltage or current flowing
through
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Complete answer:

A transformer is a passive electrical device which transfers one electrical circuit to another. It
consists of two electrically isolated coils and works Faraday's principle of mutual inductance. It
transforms electrical energy to the magnetic energy on the primary side and again from
magnetic energy to the electrical energy on the secondary side.

A step-down transformer can be defined as an object which transforms the high voltage and
low current to low voltage and high current. The number of turns of wire in the coil on the
primary side is high and the number of turns of wire in the coil on the secondary side is less.

The input voltage or the primary voltage of the transformer is Vp = 240V

It is used to light a 12V lamp.

The output voltage or the secondary voltage is Vs = 12V

The number of turns in the primary coil is Np = 600

Let, the number of turns in the secondary coil is Ns

The relation of the input and output voltage with the number of turns in the primary and
secondary can be expressed as

Ns Vs
=
Np Vp

Putting the given values,

Ns 12
=
600 240
12 × 600
Ns =
240

Ns = 30

So, the number of turns in the secondary coil is 30.

The correct option is (C).

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From the above relations we can see that in a step-down transformer voltage will always
decrease as voltage and current are inversely proportional.

Again, if the transformer is assumed to be 100 percent efficient the input power and the output
power will be equal. So, the wattage will neither increase or decrease.

Last updated date: 01st Nov 2023 • Total views: 334.5k • Views today: 8.34k

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