PACOP 2005 - Chemistry Flashcards - Quizlet

7/30/23, 4:27 PM PACOP 2005 - Chemistry Flashcards | Quizlet
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Terms in this set (300)
1. Which of the following is(are) true regarding

phase I drug metabolism?
I. Also known as conjugation reaction
II. Includes oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis
III. Generally tends to provide a functional group or
D "handle" to the molecule
a. I, II and III
b. I and II only
c. I only
d. II and III only
e. I and III only

phase II drug metabolism?
I. Allows the attachment of small, polar, and
ionisable endogenous compounds
II. Allows the termination or attenuation of a
biologic activity
A III. Serves to protect the body against chemically
reactive compounds or metabolites
a. I, II and III
b. I and II only
c. I only
d. II and III only
e. I and III only
PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

https://quizlet.com/277754458/pacop-2005-chemistry-flash-cards/ 1/21
3. Which of the following undergo oxidative

reaction?
I. Olefins
II. Alcohols and Aldehydes
III. Aromatic moieties
A IV. Nitro and Azo compounds
a. I, II and III only
b. II, III and IV only
c. III only
d. I and II only
e. IV only
4. Which of the following is/ are examples of drugs

that are extensively metabolized by the first pass
effect?
I. Lidocaine
II. Nitroglycerin
III. Morphine
D
IV. Meperidine
a. III and IV only
b. II and III only
c. I, II, and III only
d. I, II, III and IV
e. I and II only

5. Glucuronidation is the most common conjugative

pathway in drug metabolism. Which of the following
is(are)
responsible for this?
I. Readily available supply of D-glucuronic acid
II. Numerous functional groups that can combine
enzymatically with glucuronic acid
A III. Utilization of D-glucuronic acid to conjugate
steroids, heparin, chondroitin, catecholamines and
thyroxine
a. I and II only
b. I and III only
c. I, II, and III
d. III only
e. I only
6. Which of the following is/ are factors affecting

drug metabolism?
I. Age
II. Economic status
III. Species and strain
D IV. Gender
a. I only
b. I, II, III and IV
c. I and III only
d. I, III and IV only
e. I, II and III only

7. Which of the following is/ are true regarding

methylation?
I. Generally leads to polar or water soluble
metabolites
II. Important in the biosynthesis of many
endogenous compounds like epinephrine and
melatonin
E
III. Constitutes only a minor pathway for conjugating
drugs or xenobiotics
a. I only
b. I, II, and III
c. I and II only
d. I and III only
e. II and III only
8. Which of the following is/ are considered slow

acetylators?
I. Eskimos
II. Egyptians
III. Filipinos
E IV. Mediterranean Jews
a. III only
b. I and II only
c. III and IV only
d. I and III only
e. II and IV only

9. Which of the following may induce metabolism of

other drugs?
I. Phenytoin
II. Cimetidine
III. Meprobamate
D IV. Rifampicin
a. I, II and III only
b. I and IV only
c. I, II, III and IV
e. I only
This term that denotes the selective metabolism of

two or more similar functional groups, or two or
Regioselectivity more similar
atoms that are positioned in different regions of a
molecule
The process involved in the biotransformation of

N-demethylation
amitryptyline to nortriptyline
The biotransformation of chloral hydrate via

Trichloroethanol
aldehyde reduction forms
What process is involved in the biotransformation of

Ketone reduction
prednisone to prednisolone?
What process is involved in the biotransformation of

Aromatic hydroxylation
phenylbutazone to oxybutazone?

15. Which of the following is(are) metabolite(s)?

I. 6-Mercaptopurine
II. Oxybutazone
III. Prednisolone
IV. Acetaminophen
E
a. I and II only
b. III and IV only
d. II and III only
e. I, II, III and IV
16. Which of the following is(are) parent drug/s?

I. Digitoxin
II. Hydrocortisone
III. Primidone
IV. Propranolol
D
a. I and II only
b. III and IV only
The property of chemicals to destroy one form of

Selective Toxicity
life without harming another
Which of the following may be used to classify

chemotherapeutic agents?
I. Chemical type
II. Biologic properties
III. Therapeutic indications
E
a. I and II only
b. I and III only
c. II and III only
d. III only
e. I, II, and III
19. Which of the following is(are) characteristics of

an ideal antiseptic?
I. Rapid and sustained lethal action against
microorganisms
II. Retain activity in the presence of body fluids
D III. High surface tension
a. I, II, and III
b. I and III only
c. II and III only
d. I and II only
e. I only
An agent that prevents infection by the destruction

of pathogenic microorganisms when applied to
disinfectant
inanimate
objects
Generally accepted other names of Alcohol, USP

I. Ethanol
II. Wood alcohol
III. Spiritus vini rectificatus
IV. Wine spirit
C
a. I and IV only
b. I, II and III only
c. I, III and IV only
d. I and III only
e. I only
Ethanol that has been rendered unfit for use in

Denaturated alcohol intoxicating beverages by the addition of other
substances

Phenol coefficient is defined as the ration of a

disinfectant to the dilution of phenol required to kill
Salmonella typhi a given strain
of bacterium. What microorganism is used in
determining the phenol coefficient?
A 2% solution of iodine in 50% alcohol with sodium

Iodine tincture
iodide
A preparation of 5% iodine in water with potassium

Lugol's solution
iodide
A preparation of 2% iodine in water with potassium

Iodine solution
iodide
Which of the following is(are) true regarding

Povidone-Iodine?
I. A water soluble complex that releases iodine
slowly
II. Provide a nontoxic, non-irritating, non-volatile,
and non-staining form of iodine
C III. Used as an antiseptic for skin application before
surgery and injection
a. I and III only
b. I and II only
c. I, II and III
d. III only
e. I only
A dye available as vaginal suppositories for the

gentian violet
treatment of yeast infection
methylene blue A dye used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning

A potent antifungal substance with a polyene

amphotericin B
structure from Streptomyces nodosus
The aglycone portion of nystatin consisting of a 38-

membered ketone ring with a single tetracene and
diene
Nystatinolide
chromophores isolated from each other by a
methylene group, one carboxyl, one keto, and 8
hydroxyl groups.
A polyene antibiotic first isolated in 1951 from a

Nystatin
strain of Streptomyces noursei by Hazen and Brown

Griseofulvin?
I. It is recommended for the systemic treatment of
refractory ringworm infections
II. Its bioavailability is notoriously poor
III. It is supplied in "microsize" and "ultramicrosize"
A
forms
a. I, II and III
b. I and II only
c. I and III only
d. II and III only
e. I only
A series of synthetic antibacterial agents patterned

after nalidixic acid, with an effective antibacterial
quinolones
spectrum
largely confined to gram-negative bacteria
1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-pyridine The structure found among the quinolones which is

carboxylic acid essential for their antibacterial activity

Its congeners represent important alternatives for

the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by
Nalidixic acid
strains of
Proteus resistant to other agents
A substance is classified as an antibiotic if it is a

product of metabolism (although it may be
duplicated or even
have been anticipated by chemical synthesis)
I. It is synthetic product produced as a structural
analogue of a naturally occurring antibiotic
II. It antagonizes the growth or the survival of one
E
or more species of microorganisms
III. It is effective in low concentrations
a. I only
b. IV only
c. II & III
d. I - III
e. I -IV
One who led the isolation of streptomycin from

Waksman
Streptomyces griseus:
Tetracycline The antibiotic that binds with Ribosome 30s subunit
PBP 3 40. Benzylpenicillin binds preferentially to:
2,6-dimethoxylphenylpenicillin 41. Methicillin is chemically named as
D-a-amino-p-hydroxybenzyl Amoxicillin is:

penicillin
Structure of the penicillin molecule shows it to

B-lactam thiazolidine structure
PACOP 2005 - Chemistry contain a fused ring system which is the:
Members of the 4-isoxazoyl penicillin family require

3-aryl & 5-methyl group these substituents for effectiveness against β-
lactamaseproducing Staphylococcus aureus.
These are the major antigenic determinants that are

formed when penicillins or its rearrangement
Penicilloyl proteins products in
vivo react with lysine-ɛ-amino groups of proteins
resulting to allergic reactions.
This is prepared by the reaction of ampicillin with

hetacillin
acetone
47. Class I β-lactamase inhibitors have hetero atom

leaving at position 1. Which of these is(are) Class II
inhibitors:
I. Carbapenems
II. Sulbactams
A III. Clavulanic Acid
a. I only
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. II only
e. III only
Augmentin is a combination of:

I. K salts of Clavulanic acid
II. Amoxicillin
III. Ampicillin
IV. Sulbactams
A
a. I and II
b. I and III
c. II and III
d. II and IV
PACOP 2005 - Chemistry e. III and IV
Unasyn is a combination of:

I. Amoxicillin
II. Sulbactam Sodium
III. Ampicillin Sodium
IV. Clavulanic acid
C
a. I and II
b. I and III
c. II and III
d. II and IV
e. III and IV
Primaxin is a combination of:

I. Tazocillin
II. Imipenem
III. Piperacillin
IV. Cilastatin
D
a. I and II
b. I and III
c. II and III
d. II and IV
e. III and IV
Imipenem is the most successful of a series of

chemically stable derivatives of thienamycin in
N-formimidoylthienamycin which the primary
amino group is converted to a non-nucleophilic
basic function. Imipenem is also:
Penicillin N D-(4-amino-carboxybutyl) is:
dihydrothiazine ring Cephaloporin C contains
cefoxitin A parenteral Cephamycin

Zinacef is the first of a series of α-methoximino-

acyl-substituted cephalosporin that constitute most
cefuroxime sodium, USP
of the third
generation agents. Zinacef is:
The factors that contribute to an extremely long

serum half-life of sterile ceftriaxone disodium, USP
I. High fraction of protein binding in the plasma
II. Slow urinary excretion
III. It is not metabolized in vivo
C
a. I only
b. II only
c. I and II
d. I and III
e. III only
This increases stability to β-lactamases while

increasing activity against G(-) bacteria at the same
4-methyl group
time in
monobactams;
The 1st aminoglycoside antibiotic to be used in

streptomycin
chemotherapy:
MOA of aminoglycosides:
I. interferes with cell wall synthesis
II. act directly on the bacterial ribosome to inhibit
the initiation of protein synthesis
III. interferes with the fidelity of translation of the
C genetic message
a. I only
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. III only
PACOP 2005 - Chemistry e. I and III
Extrachromosomals which are self-replicative and

transferable by conjugation that is responsible for
R-factors the
transfer of resistance from one bacterium to
another.
Structure Activity Relationship of Aminoglycosides:

It is important for characteristic broad spectrum
Ring I antibacterial
activity and is the primary target for bacterial
inactivating enzyes.
Mannisidostreptomycin It is known as Streptomycin B
Acid hydrolysis of Streptomycin yields:

I. Streptidine
II. Streptobiosamine
III. Deoxystreptamine
D a. I only
b. II and III
c. I and III
d. I and II
e. III only
S. fradiae Neomycin is obtained from:
The synthesis of the semisynthetic aminoglycoside

involves simple acylation of the 1-amino group of
amikacin, USP the
deoxystreptamine ring of Kanamycin A with L-
amino-α-hydroxybutyric acid (L-AHBA)

A group of antibiotics that are derivatives of an

tetracyclines octahydronaphthacene, a hydrocarbon system that
comprises four annelated six-membered rings.
minocycline HCl 7-chloro-6-demethyltetracycline is:
Macrolide antibiotics have these common

characteristics:
I. large lactone ring
II. ketone group
III. a glycosidically linked amino sugar
C IV. an asymmetric carbon atoms in the
acylamidopropanediol chain
a. I only
b. II only
c. I-III
d. I-IV
Bacillus subtilis strain that was isolated from

debrided tissue of a compound fracture in 7-year
bacitracin, USP
old Margaret
Tracy produced this antibiotic.
The first widely used broad spectrum that was

Chloramphenicol, USP
isolated by Ehrlich in 1974 from S.venezuelae
Erythromycin B differs from Erythromycin A only at

carbon 12, at which hydroxyl group is replaced by
Hydrogen
_____,
which renders it more acid-stable.
These are sulphur containing antibiotics isolated

Lincomycins
from S. lincolnensis

Cleocin 7-chloro-7-deoxylincomycin
Bacitrain's bactericidal effect through an inhibition

Zn
of mucopeptide cell wall synthesis is enhanced by:
Analogue of podophyllotoxin that is an inhibitor of

Etoposide Topoisomerase II which contains methyl as its R
group:
The complex structures in vinca alkaloids composed

of indole containing moiety and an indole
containing
moiety:
I. Indoline
II. Vindoline
D III. Vindesine
IV. Catharantine
a. I and II
b. I and III
c. II and III
d. II and IV
e. III and IV

Is an antineoplastic agent preparation from

Escherichia coli containing the enzyme L-
asparagine
amidohydrolase
I. Asparaginase
II. Elspar
B III. Pipobroman, USP
IV. Platinol
a. I only
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. I and IV
e. III and IV
An antineoplastic drug active against rapidly

proliferating cells in the synthesis phase during
Hydroxyurea which it prevents
the formation of deoxyribonucleotides by inhibition
of ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase.
Pipobroman It is used primarily for treating polycythemia vera
D-homo-17α-oxaandrosta-1,4-diene-3, 17-dione
Testolactone, USP prepared by microbial transformation of
progesterone.

Interferons are secreted by cells in response to viral

infections or other chemical or biologic inducers.
The major
classes of interferons are:
I. Alpha
II. Beta
C III. Lambda
IV. Gamma
a. I and II
b. II and III
c. I-III
d. III and IV
e. II and IV
It is highly purified protein containing 165 amino

acids manufactured from a strain of E.coli bearing a
genetically
engineered plasmid containing an interferon alfa-2a
gene from human leukocytes.
I. RIFN
II. IFLrA
C
III. Roferon-A
IV. Interon
a. I only
b. III only
c. I-III
d. I-IV
e. II and IV
This is absolutely essential for the in vitro carbonic

Sulfamoyl group anhydrase inhibitory activity and for the production
of diuresis in vivo
Acetazolamide, USP Diamox is:

Benzothiadiazine-1, 1-dioxide nucleus is contained

Thiazide diuretics
in:
Furosemide 4-chloro-N-furfuryl-5-sulfamoyl anthranilic acid is:
It is the primary compound selected from a host of

pteridine analogues and resembles the structure of
Triamterene
folic acid and certain dihydrofolate reductase
inhibitors.
It is pyrazinoyl guanidine diuretics that inhibit the

Amiloride HCl electrogenetic entry of 2% to 3% of the filtered load
of Na into the tubule cells.
hyperkalemia The major adverse effect of Midamor:
β-imidazolylethylamine, an autacoids, is widespread

in nature being found in ergot and other plants and
in all
organs and tissues of the human body. It's also
known as:
I. 1H-imidazole-4-ethenamine
C II. Histamine
III. Serotonin
a. I only
b. II only
c. I and II
d. III only
e. I and III
The major source of histamine in the body results

Histidine
from the decarboxylation of this amino acid:

Drowsiness is a side effect of antihistamines that is

Tertiary aminoalkyl ethers
most common to the
Brompheniramine A propylamine derivative:
Dymenhydrinate, USP Dramamine is
The piperazine, imidazoline, and phenothiazine-

ethylene diamine
type antihistamines contain the following moiety:
Antihistamines resulting from the chlorination of

pheniramine in the para position of the phenyl ring
Chlorpheniramine
that gives a ten-fold increase in potency with no
appreciable changes in toxicity.
A sulfone derivative investigated initially to be the

most effective drug for the treatment of leprosy and
4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone
has useful
antimalarial property but was too toxic.
What antibiotic caused a major advance in the

Rifampicin
treatment of tuberculosis?

Ethambutol is remarkably stereospecific. Toxicities

of its isomers are about equal but their activity vary
considerably. The factors that have pronounced
effect on the activity are:
I. Length of the alkylene chain
II. Nature of the branching with the alkyl
substituents in the nitrogens
C
III. Extent of N-alkylation
IV. Pyranolone ring at the C4 of the compound
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. I, II and III
d. II, III and IV
Ethionamide is a second line treatment drug of

choice for tuberculosis and is used in the treatment
of INHresistant tuberculosis or when patient is
2-substitution
intolerant to INH and other drugs. What is the
structural difference with INH
series?

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7/30/23, 4:27 PM PACOP 2005 - Chemistry Flashcards | Quizlet

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry Share

Leave the first rating

Terms in this set (300)

1. Which of the following is(are) true regarding

2. Which of the following is(are) true regarding

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

3. Which of the following undergo oxidative

4. Which of the following is/ are examples of drugs

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

5. Glucuronidation is the most common conjugative

6. Which of the following is/ are factors affecting

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

7. Which of the following is/ are true regarding

8. Which of the following is/ are considered slow

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

9. Which of the following may induce metabolism of

This term that denotes the selective metabolism of

The process involved in the biotransformation of

The biotransformation of chloral hydrate via

What process is involved in the biotransformation of

What process is involved in the biotransformation of

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

15. Which of the following is(are) metabolite(s)?

16. Which of the following is(are) parent drug/s?

The property of chemicals to destroy one form of

Which of the following may be used to classify

19. Which of the following is(are) characteristics of

An agent that prevents infection by the destruction

Generally accepted other names of Alcohol, USP

Ethanol that has been rendered unfit for use in

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

Phenol coefficient is defined as the ration of a

A 2% solution of iodine in 50% alcohol with sodium

A preparation of 5% iodine in water with potassium

A preparation of 2% iodine in water with potassium

Which of the following is(are) true regarding

A dye available as vaginal suppositories for the

methylene blue A dye used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

A potent antifungal substance with a polyene

The aglycone portion of nystatin consisting of a 38-

A polyene antibiotic first isolated in 1951 from a

33. Which of the following is(are) true regarding

A series of synthetic antibacterial agents patterned

1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-pyridine The structure found among the quinolones which is

PACOP 2005 - Chemistry

Its congeners represent important alternatives for

A substance is classified as an antibiotic if it is a

One who led the isolation of streptomycin from

Tetracycline The antibiotic that binds with Ribosome 30s subunit

PBP 3 40. Benzylpenicillin binds preferentially to:

2,6-dimethoxylphenylpenicillin 41. Methicillin is chemically named as

D-a-amino-p-hydroxybenzyl Amoxicillin is:

Structure of the penicillin molecule shows it to

Members of the 4-isoxazoyl penicillin family require

These are the major antigenic determinants that are

This is prepared by the reaction of ampicillin with

47. Class I β-lactamase inhibitors have hetero atom

Augmentin is a combination of:

Unasyn is a combination of:

Primaxin is a combination of: